• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.821-830
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• 2023

Various studies has tried to unveil causes of cost overrun and schedule delay in the road construction project. However, these causes need standardization due to difference by guidelines, relevant research, and facilities. Therefore, this study identifies and elaborate standard road construction cost and schedule variation factors that can be used in the planning and execution of the project. variation factors have been derived and grouped through literature review and modified and supplemented through expert interview. In addition, the connection with the relevant guidance factors is confirmed and the usability is reviewed by applying actual road construction cases. The factors suggested in this study comprehensively include factors of related guidelines and previous research, more clearly distinguish, support decision making.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.143.2-143
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• 2001

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.159-183
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• 2012

Promoted in places like Korea, the central government and the local governments that can provide information on which to base investment policy to attract foreign direct mutation-specific gravity model (Shift-Share Model) In this study, the decrease of foreign direct investment performance using factors looked up in the industry. The sample period of 2009, 2010, 2011 nationwide (metropolitan and non-metropolitan separated) of foreign direct investment performance for Industry Standard Industrial Classification (Division) was conducted. Factors to look at the results of the National Growth Effect(NS), the industrial structure effect (IM), local allocation effect(RS) to decrease foreign direct investment in 2010 and 2011 non-metropolitan, metropolitan national growth effect(RS) is negative(-) has a value. Because it appears to be the aftermath of the global recession, the impact on the domestic economy Metropolitan area and the Industrial Mix Effect(IM) to the development of education, culture, business, and transportation, etc. in the development of service industries than in non-metropolitan valid environment. In the sector of services (food accommodation, business services, entertainment), We did it, was able to find the function. However, the Regional Share Effect(RS) be competitive in the manufacturing sector in metropolitan areas in the metal and chemical sectors have been identified. These results seems to enhance the competitiveness of the region, such as the metropolitan area's excellent workforce. Shift-Share analysis technique based on competitive factors of the region, to find the failure has limitations.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.589-602
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• 2008

This article studies on disability pensioners' characteristic with multinomial logit and logistic regression model. Seven factors are examined on whether each factor is reflected in degree of disability in the disability pension. By incorporating multinomial logit and logistic regression model, effectiveness and characteristic of the seven factors are investigated on the degree of disability. Result shows all the seven factors are significant on the degree of disability, while among the seven, five factors, age, sex, type of coverage, type of category, insured duration show a trend in degree of disability and the other two, cause of disability and class of standard monthly income are not effective on trend in degree of disability. Results from analyses might be useful for disability pension management.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.23-46
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• 2014

Applying the dynamic shift-share analysis, this paper decomposes inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) of Korea for the period of 2003-2012 into three components: world growth effect, industry-mix effect and competitive effect. Taking the group of developed countries as population for comparison, this paper finds that Korea has been lagging behind the group of developed countries in attracting FDIs, thereby having recorded negative aggregate industry-mix effects and negative aggregate competitive effects as well. However, the following industries have recorded positive competitive effects: textiles, chemicals, electrical and electronic equipment, motor vehicles and other transport equipment, hotels and restaurants and business services. Moreover, in the sub-period of 2008-2012, positive competitive effects have been recorded for most manufacturing industries. This reflects the fact that inward FDI into Korea has not been affected much by the financial crisis of 2009.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.197-197
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 2018년부터 2021년까지의 국가가뭄정보통계집 자료를 바탕으로 호서 지역 내 농업가뭄 피해 사례들을 심층분석하고, 당시 지원된 농업용수 공급량에 주목하여 실제 용수 공급에 영향을 미친 잠재적 요인들의 특성을 파악하였다. 먼저, 농업가뭄 피해를 가뭄 당시 실제 공급된 농업용수량으로 정의하고, 피해 민감도라는 개념을 새롭게 도입하여 잠재적 영향 요인들과 농업용수 공급량 간의 지역별 연관성을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 농업 환경과 기상 조건 관련 인자들을 잠재적 영향 요인으로 규정하고, 연도별 도시면적당 농경지 면적 비율, 도시인구수 대비 농업종사자 비율, 전체 용수 이용량 대비 농업용수 비율, 월별 강수량, SPI(-3, -6, -9 및 -12)를 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 이러한 인자들의 변화에 따른 실제 공급된 농업용수량의 변화 정도를 수치화하여 지역별 피해 민감도를 산정하였다. 이를 위해, 먼저 잠재적 영향 요인과 실제 공급한 농업용수의 전월대비 증감량을 2018년부터 2021년까지 월별로 계산하였으며, 최대·최소 정규화를 통해 0부터 1 사이의 값으로 수치화하였다. 앞서 언급한 월별 증감량의 비율을 바탕으로 4년간의 절대적 수치 변화 정도를 비교·분석하였다. 그 결과, 농업 환경 관련 인자들 중 전체 용수 이용량 대비 농업용수 비율이 상대적으로 피해 민감도가 큰 것으로 나타났으며 기상 조건 관련 인자의 경우, SPI-9에 대한 피해 민감도가 가장 높은 수준임을 확인하였다. 추후, 본 연구에서 제안한 방법을 바탕으로 다양한 요인들에 대한 피해 민감도 산정 결과들이 도출된다면 농업가뭄 피해 시 농업용수 공급의 적절성 여부를 판단하는 데 있어 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.539-560
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• 2015

Korea has enacted the Performance Evaluation law on the R&D Programs since 2006. This study categorizes program size, program history, sustainability, self-evaluation result as antecedents, and analyze the relationship between the antecedents and Meta-evaluation result, the change rate of appropriations. The result shows that program size, program history, self-evaluation result have significant effect to the Meta-evaluation result. And Meta-evaluation result has significant effect to the change rate of appropriations. This study has implication that the performance evaluation system shows significant effect to the appropriations.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2016

Students receiving plan is not based on short-term indicators, such as student-centered, student-induced factor to address school needs new complaint, it is necessary to establish the school in the center of a long-term (30 years) perspective. Therefore, analysis of Cheongju students can examine the entire 30 years of the elementary school in this study are as follows: First, given the increasing number of students in seven models and presented the case to its types. Second, considering the geographical characteristics and the development of regional characteristics classify 55 elementary Schools in Cheongju City by dividing the number of students increase or decrease trend to 10 zones the results are as follows: Students Number increasing school group of 4 schools, 15 schools students Number fell in shot Term, the Students Number dropped in middle Term 26 schools, 10 was a small school. In particular, it is urgently necessary to establish measures for these small schools. Third, despite the reduced number of students indicated in the analysis result, caused the social conflict factors by excessive new school requirements. It also caused a number of students from schools when the Curve of Students Number are to remain flat or decline. It shows that no additional new demand of School in the region. Fourth, the number of students increasing trend forecasting model

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.88
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• pp.51-62
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• 2008

동굴내부의 지형변형은 동굴내의 외인적인 요인과 내인적인 요인에 의하여 발달된다. 외인적인 요인으로서 기후변동에 의한 기온의 변화와 침출수의 증감 및 외부 이입물질 등을 들 수 있으며, 내인적인 요인으로서는 암석의 공극율, 지질환경, 단층 및 습곡면의 형상, 절리 및 균열면의 유무, 동굴지천의 구배 및 유속, 층리간의 이종의 암석게재 여부 등을 들 수 있다. 동굴 시스템은 수문 물리화학적 요소에 의해 형성되며 외부 기준면 통제에 의해서 암석학, 구조학, 기후학, 생물학, 토양학 등과 밀접한 상태에서 의존적인 발달 과정을 가진다. 동혈 내부의 침식은 유수의 입력 경우 유출과정에서 형성되며, 또한 유수의 비 입력 경우유출 및 액체용액의 분출에 의해서 형성된다. 다수의 동굴학자들은 동굴은 계절마다 침수되거나 빨리 흐르는 홍수에 의한 폭우에 의해 epiphreatic 상태에서 간헐적으로 포화되는 과정을 거치며 선택적으로 발달한다고 주장하고 있다. 혼합지대 동굴의 가장 좋은 예는 현재의 카르스트 지역에서 나타나는 것이 아니라 과거 제4기의 200만년전 동안보다 해수면이 더 안정적이었던 때에 이루어진 고 카르스트(Paleo Karst)에서 발견되고 있다.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2008

Differentiation of blastocyst is critical step for implantation and is under the control of regulation factors originated from embryo or reproductive tracts. The sequential communication with those factors is suspected as critical events for differentiation. It has been suggested that intracellular signaling pathways activated by calcium is essential in differentiation of blastocyst. Previously, it was known that concanavalin A (Con A) increase the levels of free calcium in blastocyst stage. However, Con A can not accelerate the hatching, although heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), a modulator of calcium level, accelerate the hatching of blastocyst. In this study, it was investigated whether Con A or prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) can modulate the differentiation of blastocyst. Con A accelerated the expansion of blastocyst in both 1 hr pulse treatment group and continuous treatment group. However, Con A significantly suppressed the hatching in both groups. The inhibition was significantly strong in continuous treatment group compared with 1 hr pulse treatment group. On the other hand, $PGE_2$ induced the increase the free calcium level, but did not accelerate the expansion. In addition $10{\mu}m\;PGE_2$ inhibited hatching. However, $PGE_2$ could accelerate hatching in Con A pretreated blastocyst. $PGE_2$ also caused the increase of free calcium level in Con A pretreated blastocyst. From these results, it is suggested that changes of the free calcium level induce a different calcium-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, sequential stimulation by signal molecules may triggers the cellular mechanisms for the differentiation of blastocyst.