• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.4 s.34
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• pp.167-176
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to the propensity for conspicuous consumption of adolescent consumers. Data for this study were collected from 530 adolescent consumers who were in the 8th grade of middle school in Guri city. There were significant differences between boys and girls in the propensity for conspicuous consumption of adolescents. The propensity for conspicuous consumption of boys was higher than girls. The influences of friends and mass media. and self-esteem were found to predict the propensity for conspicuous consumption of adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.259-279
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• 2015

In this paper, we study the recognition and fallacy of middle school students about the concepts of liner equations and liner functions. We chose 163 8th grade students and 103 9th grade students in M city and investigate their recognition and fallacy about the concepts of liner equations and liner functions. We found following facts. First, middle school students recognize an equation with respect to x as an equation, but do not recognize an equation with respect to y as an equation. Second, middle school students tend to recognize a linear function as a constant function y=p. Third, middle school students tend to distinguish an equation and a function according to the form of an algebraic expression. Finally, middle school students discern the difference between an equation and a function using their concepts in textbooks.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

The extended science investigations, comprehensive investigations contrasted with exercises of process skill components and cookbook style experiments, should be pursued for giving opportunity of more authentic science activity. The characteristics of the extended investigation tasks were emerged from critical argument on school practical work. And one of important educational objectives in students' investigations is to achieve motivation for investigation. The purpose of this study is to explore how the characteristics of the extended investigation tasks, that is practical context, openness and continuity, affect middle school students' motivation for investigation. On the basis of questionnaire results and students' school science achievement, ten students were interviewed to see the change of motivation for investigation and its causes while they perform two textbook investigations and four extended investigation tasks. Among the interviewees, the students who showed positive motivation for the extended investigations were critical about textbook experiments as they are just confirmations of theories and perceived practical context and openness as the main causes of their positive motivation. The students who showed negative motivation for extended investigations preferred textbook experiments as there was enough guidance from teacher and textbook-centered learning. They recognized the openness of the tasks as a main reason of their negative motivation for investigation. Some students showed negative responses about continuity of the extended investigation tasks but continuity was not recognized as a main cause for their motivation for investigation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.476-488
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to develop a scientific inquiry-based STEAM education program and to investigate its effect on changing middle school students' self-efficacy in science, job awareness, and attitudes toward STEM. A scientific inquiry-based STEAM program was developed with the theme of 'earthquakes', using the ADBA model, which was taking up the total of six class periods. The final program, which had been revised and completed after being pre-tested with middle school students, was implemented to 105 third-graders of middle school in a metropolitan city. One sample pre-post paired t-test before and after applying the program to the same group was conducted, and its effectiveness was analyzed in terms of self-efficacy in science, job awareness, attitudes toward science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Results showed that the STEAM program on the theme of 'earthquakes' demonstrated its effect on improving the students' of self-efficacy in science subject and their awareness of science-related jobs. Furthermore, this program indicated a statistical significance in improving middle school students' attitudes, awareness, and abilities, values, and continuing interest towards science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Therefore, we suggest that this scientific inquiry based STEAM program be used to help students to improve their scientific investigation skills as well as their creative and integrated thinking abilities in schools.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to develop and apply instructional model to improve awareness of information accessibility for gifted students in computer science. The model applied to class is designed based on Problem-Based Learning(PBL). The class was for 42 students(22 elementary school students, 20 middle school students), and the questions, cognition of the necessity for accessibility, behavior intent for accessibility were given before and after class. Additionally, interest, satisfaction and flow were given after the class. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, it shows a difference on the changes of cognition on the necessity and behavior intent. As a gender difference, specifically, it shows a difference on the cognition of female students's necessity and behavior intent of male students. As a class level difference, specifically, it statistically shows a meaningful difference on cognitive of the necessity of elementary school students and behavior intent of middle school students. Secondly, after class, it shows a high level of interest, satisfaction. But it shows a general level of flow, so various strategies should be developed for covering the flow level.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.675-690
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• 2006

This study investigated students' views in relation to a career in science as a first step towards developing science career education programs and materials. The instrument was developed through preliminary surveys. The questionnaire was sent to, administered and returned by 3608 students including 1036 primary, 1137 middle, and 1435 high school students, who were selected through stratified cluster sampling from all over the country. The results were analyzed using statistical package program. The students' image view of science, preference for science and science learning, perception of science achievement, career hope for oneself, degree of hope in getting science-related job, perception about science-related career, important factors of science career choice, and their hope for science/non-science career and the reason for their choice in the past and present were investigated. The results show that "science as an experimentation activity" was the most frequent image view of science. The preference for science and science learning was more positive than the perception of science achievement. The percentage of total students who want to have science career was 21%, and this percentage of middle school students was especially low. The most frequent answers for advantages of science career were 'useful for national development', 'possible to get new knowledge', and those for disadvantages were 'dangerous', and 'too much to study'. The most frequent reason for students' choice of a science career was 'interest in science and science learning'. Judging from these results, the basic direction for science career education should be in raising the students' preference for and interest in science learning. The positive awareness for a career in science and vision for a science job in the future should be given through a science career education and science career education proper to the students' developmental stage and characteristics is more important.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

SNS is a social networking service that removes the barrier between cyber spaces and the real world and helps people who have common interests to have a two-way communication, manage their interpersonal relationships and share information. The domestic and international SNS markets have attained a steady growth, and their growth is being more accelerated in recent days. However, studies on SNS have just examined adults, and it's required to research the use of SNS and cyber behaviors via SNS among elementary and middle school students. This study attempted to analyze the relationship of the use of SNS, motivation of using SNS, the use of active SNS functions, SNS-dependent tendency and SNS awareness to cyber behaviors via SNS among elementary and middle school students. As a result, regardless of gender and grade, stealing private information was the most frequent activity and the frequency of 'contacting strangers' activity increased most rapidly with the usage time and grade. SNS dependency turned out to be the most highly correlated with the negative cyber behavior. Moreover, the difference of gender was not significant to the overall negative cyber behavior, whereas that of grade was.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.28-38
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• 2019

For students and staff members who spend long periods of time in school, schools must meet a variety of needs such as learning, rest, experience, exchange, play, culture, meeting, and meals. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data aim at improving the school environment by investigating and analyzing the characteristics of middle school students'. For this purpose, the theoretical data collection : case studies and questionnaires, were conducted to analyze the correlation between student's activities and the space utilization of the school. First of all, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 301 middle school students in Ulsan. The t-test and ANOVA analysis were conducted on the questionnaire results to examine whether there was any difference in the perception of school space. The analysis showed significant correlation between interaction with school space according to the characteristics of students' activities. However, there are problems such as the use of space for various.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.266-274
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• 1999

This study investigated the effects of cooperative and individual computer-assisted instructions upon middle school students' science conceptions, achievement, perception of learning environment, and motivation. The cooperative, individual, and traditional learning groups were selected from a middle school, and taught about the motion of molecule for 5 class hours. Data analyses indicated that the students with cooperative computer-assisted instruction scored significantly higher than those with traditional instruction in the tests of conceptual understanding, perception of learning environment and motivation. Better understanding of the cooperative learning group was also found in a retention test of conceptions. In addition, there were significant interactions between the instruction and the level of prior achievement in the tests of retention of conceptions and motivation. Educational implications are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.83-102
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• 2016

In this study we explored the effect of reading in mathematics classroom on five mathematical affective characteristics of middle school students. 100 2nd male middle schoolers' were participated in this study and five affective characteristics - interests, self-confidence, recognition of mathematics value, self-regulation, and mathematics anxiety- were investigated. According to the results, reading in mathematics class had an overall positive effect. Especially the characteristics interests and self-confidence of students' were improved. And for the low level students all characteristics were improved. And based on the result of pre and post test, and interview with 6 students, we suggest that desirable reading in mathematics classroom.