• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.189-207
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• 2020

The government has achieved quantitative growth in university start-up education while supporting start-up education. However, it failed to systematize start-up education from an academic, policy, and practical perspective and to reveal the relationship between education and achievements in supporting start-ups. Therefore, there is a lack of interest and effort to promote effective education. In Europe, in-depth research has already been done over many years to establish an EntreComp system. Competences create values for others and attempt to apply them to education, viewing them as the people's lifelong competitiveness. On the other hand, it is urgent to improve the education system as domestic university start-up education is mainly focused on cultural level start-up skills and easy-to-access education from a business administration perspective. Based on this, the entrepreneurship competence-based start-up education system was designed. Next, eight EntreComp frames were drawn for university students through the Focus Group Interview (FGI) and Delphi survey methods, as well as domestic and international prior studies on EntreComp. In 2018, 919 start-up education programs of 42 start-up leading universities were conducted to derive the status of education by EntreComp. Prior studies of 25 entrepreneurship competences, including data from Bacigalupo et al.(2016), which studied EntreComp in the EU, were investigated and reflected the frequency of research and the importance of education and start-up perspectives. Based on the purpose of the university start-up education presented in this study, the entrepreneurship competence frame consisting of a total of eight, including spotting opportunities, value creation, self improvement, mobilising resources, technology application, strategic management, relationship, and learning through experience, was derived through expert verification. It also investigated the current status of education by competence, the degree of reflection of competence education, and the relationship with the results of support for start-ups that reflect the number of students enrolled in each university. Through this, it was suggested that future start-up education at universities could be improved from the EntreComp perspective. It has a differentiation in research in that it conducted a thorough survey using the data on start-up courses operated by leading startup universities for a certain period. However, it is difficult to generalize because the number of samples of leading startup universities is limited. Nevertheless, this study proposes the educational goal of advancing university start-up education from the perspective of entrepreneurial competence, cultivating future required competences, and fostering entrepreneurial talents that create value for others. In addition, it is meaningful in that it presents a clear direction for subsequent research by preparing a framework for research from a more essential perspective on the entrepreneurship competence frame.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.234-246
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• 2013

Microcredit was first introduced by non-profit organization in early 2000s and the Ministry of Health and Welfare promoted the support policy of self-support community and the hope-developing bank. And then, microcredit policy was suddenly changed while the microfinance policy was promoted in 2009. For example, there were changes of the control tower of the policy, the emphasis on financial approach from welfare approach, the establishment of the operation agency. This study analyzed the policy changes on microcredit policy using the framework of Hood(1994) and Joo(1999) in order to analyze causes of sudden changes. As results, the reason affecting microcredit policy change was changes of an unemployment rate and the financial environment, the change of outside situation, the policy idea of the middle practicalism of government and the success of the experiment in microcredit, the passive intervention of stakeholders, the internal factors on the policy custom. So the results suggests that the policy is produced illogically because of the absence of stakeholders' participation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the trends of the start-up research in Korea. To accomplish this, meta-analysis was carried out using text mining methodology by dividing the entrepreneur-related master's and doctoral theses registered in RISS into the first term of entrepreneurship research by 2009 and the second term of entrepreneurship research from 2010. As a result of this study, it can be seen from the three different analysis that the entrepreneurship education and government policy and support are the subject of continuous research topics in the whole period and that the researches on small business start-ups have been studied continuously and conducted more in the second half. In addition, empirical analysis is strengthened in the latter stage of entrepreneurial research. The TF-IDF analysis reveals that many researches on veterans have been carried out in the field of entrepreneurship research, and in the latter period, it was found that many studies related to the elderly were conducted with cultural contents and aging society. In addition, research on brand-related research has been carried out throughout the entire period, and research on venture-related research, characteristics of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship motivation and start-up strategy have been conducted a lot and female entrepreneurship was also studied. In the latter period, we have emphasized entrepreneurial achievements and found that research on start-ups such as industry-academia cooperation, start-up investment, and social enterprise diversified. This study is meaningful to apply the method which is becoming a recent issue such as text mining and topic analysis to the meta-analysis related to start-up. Future research will need to be undertaken on a variety of more detailed topics related to entrepreneurship.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.21-32
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• 2021

The government is focusing its attention and support on start-ups. Nevertheless, there is anxiety and fear about starting a business at the base of public awareness. Experienced as a way to overcome fear and difficulty. Few prior studies have been done on experience factors as ones influencing entrepreneurial intention. In this study, I studied whether the experience of successful entrepreneurship through cultural indirect experience affect the resolution of fear about establishing a business. Among the influencing factors on the entrepreneurial intention, business motivation, social support and awareness of entrepreneur were selected as independent variables. In addition, by applying the cultivation theory, the drama role models were set as a controlling variable. For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted targeting 399 ordinary persons. The hypothesis was tested through regression analysis using the SPSS 23 statistical package. The moderating effect was analyzed using Process Macro 3.5. Self-fulfillment, livelihood, economic motivation, social support, and awareness of entrepreneur are sub-factors of business motivation, And all of these had a positive significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. Among the significant variables, self-fulfillment was found to have the greatest effect. On the other hand, as a result of analyzing the moderating effect of the drama role model, it was found play a role in controlling between self-fulfillment and entrepreneurial intention, between livelihood and entrepreneurial intention, and between awareness of entrepreneur and entrepreneurial intention. Based on these research results, academic and practical implications were presented.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.97-105
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• 2014

This study attempts to review the theories and related literatures on crowd funding and build the framework to understand the core concepts of crowd funding. In addition, I explore the applicability of crowd funding platforms for start-ups. For this purpose, I analyze the framework based on the life cycles of projects on crowd funding with the components of stake-holders. Furthermore, I review the results of previous outstanding literature on pros and cons of crowd funding to identify the applicability of crowd funding for start-ups. The results show that the use of crowd funding platform alleviates the risks involved with the information goods which occupy major portion of the projects listed on crowd funding have unique cost structure with high fixed cost and very low variable cost. Consequently, crowd funding is identified as a platform for start-ups of information goods by leveraging the wisdom of crowd. However, crowd funding may not work as an effective platform for start-ups if group thinking emerges. The study provides an implication that it provides a framework for understanding crowd funding and its applicability for start-ups, which can support government's policy for creative economy. Additional empirical research analyzing the data on the projects listed on crowd funding platforms in Korea will be performed in the succeeding study.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

Korean government had used public 'credit guarantee schemes' (CGS) as a counter-cyclical measure. However, it is still controversial about the effectiveness of policy financing on the SMEs. Criticism on policy financing involves the argument that supporting enterprises hampers competition and innovation of SMEs by increasing their dependence on the government and delays the exit of marginal firms. In this paper, we investigate how to effectively build up the rationale of running public CGSs. At the same time, we propose the ways to coexist of public credit guarantee and market-based private finance system for SMEs. First, CGS, as a counter-cyclical function, must coexist with the private financial system by compensating the market failure caused by pro-cyclical behavior of the private financial market. Second, CGS has the comparative advantages, compared to both the interest rate policy of the central bank and fiscal policy of the government. The credit guarantee is the symptomatic treatment that could revitalize the economy shortly by providing liquidity. Also, knowing that CGS is provided based on the leverage ratio defined by outstanding guarantee divided by capital fund, public 'credit guarantee' (CG) has an advantage that is free from the risk of government deficit. Third, the reason for existence of the CGS should be founded in supporting services for SMEs, available only in a public sector that is difficult to expect from private banks. In this regard, it is desirable to strengthen the publicness of credit guarantee over the support for start-ups, growing companies, the improvement of productivity, increase of exports, a long-term investment in facilities, the employment-creating businesses, and innovative enterprises.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.19-31
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• 2021

This study tried to identify the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial intentions in the entertainment industry, focusing on existing literature studies. Based on this, it was intended to suggest realistic educational alternatives for university student start-ups and implications for start-up management to university start-up officials and those in charge of national start-up support policy. Therefore, the implications of this study are as follows. First, technology(item) for idea creation education, which is an essential element in the entertainment industry, how to connect ideas and products, technology methods that can increase content value, and user characteristics education within the entertainment industry will need to be continued. In addition, along with the idea education, it is necessary to increase the understanding of start-up business management such as financing, human resource management, marketing, and operation management, and furthermore, confidence education should be provided so that the possibility of success in an entertainment start-up and a sense of adventure in a new job can be developed. Second, the space and equipment necessary for start-up (club room, student start-up room, entertainment-related equipment, etc.) should be provided centering on the opinion survey of students who are interested in starting a business, and various regulations of universities and government for student start-up should be relaxed. will have to In addition, education for the formation of entrepreneurial knowledge inside and outside of the school, special lectures and consultations by experts, and on-the-spot education, etc., should be made to create more practical entrepreneurial knowledge. something to do. Third, for students wishing to start a business in the entertainment industry, it is necessary to inform their families about the field situation of the entertainment industry accurately so that their children can develop a positive perception rather than a negative perception when choosing a business field. In addition, by promoting various successful cases of college students to their families after starting a business, families should be encouraged so that their children can develop a challenging spirit about starting a business. Fourth, it should be possible to form continuous clubs or gatherings with friends who wish to start a business in the entertainment industry, and furthermore, an opportunity to listen to the opinions of friends who actually started a business through these meetings should be provided. In addition, the meeting and the formation of friends should create a place for discussion about writing a business plan, how to succeed in starting a business, and management of startups, and psychological stimulation activities should be conducted so that each other's will to start a business arises. Fifth, various knowledge related to start-up (methods for securing funds, management of start-up organizations, grasping information about the market in which they want to start a business, etc.) should be cultivated, and how to write a business plan for the various entertainment industry fields they want to start up. You will also need to train them to be practical. Also, based on this knowledge formation, students themselves should be able to respond to risks and changes that may occur in entrepreneurship. Lastly, it is necessary to increase the understanding of business start-up management, and various psychological stimulation activities are needed to make the confidence and fear of starting a business disappear.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.212-220
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• 2019

This study evaluates the extent to which the government's financial support policy, the Audio-visual investment fund, contributed to raising capital for Korean films. Audio-visual investment fund in the Korean film industry, which has been formed through the public sector support since 1999. The Audio-visual investment fund is a leading financial support policy for the Korean film industry, and began with the investment of the Small and Medium Business Administration and the Korean Film Council. It has become an important source of Korean film production costs and has spread to other cultural industry sectors, as a way of capital procurement for a start-up companies and cultural projects. This study reconstruct the data of the organizations such as the size of a new investment fund by public sector, the ratio of public capital contribution, the amount and number of investment in Korean films, investment multiplier compared to equity investment, and the internal return rate(IRR) of liquidation funds in the Korean film capital market from 1999 to 2017. The purpose of this project was to provide the basis for assessing the achievements of the Audio-visual investment fund policy in contributing to the growth of the film industry.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

The Fourth Sector has been attracting attention as a means to solve the various problems plaguing modern society; it emerged to overcome the Third Sector's issues such as excessive reliance on the government and service model isomorphism, represented by social economy enterprises (Meadows, 1972; Howaldt & Schwarz, 2010). Social venture companies have been mentioned as key agents of the Fourth Sector (Gyeonggi Research Institute, 2018). However, the academic and policy concepts related to social ventures continue to be vague. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the concept of social ventures as part of the Fourth Sector, and research development strategies for the vitalization of the social venture ecosystem in an effort to encourage inclusive growth of society. To achieve these goals, it establishes the concept of social ventures differentiated from the Third Sector, based on previous studies, and presents the importance of an intermediate support organization for the ecosystem's vitalization. Furthermore, to propose strategies for said vitalization, the study derives detailed forms of social venture intermediate support organizations, and provides suggestions regarding their importance and roles through social innovation levels.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the current operation condition of fashion start-up companies and the characteristics of their founders in Fashion Creative Studio that is one of government programs supporting fashion start-up of rising fashion designer's brands in Korea and one of supporting facilities. For this purpose, this study surveyed 32 fashion start-up companies founders in Busan Fashion Creative Studio and analyzed the data based on the survey. The results are as follows. First of all, 82% of the founders have experience to start their business in 20s and 60% of founders with not more than 3 to 5 years of work experience related to fashion challenge to start a business. Secondly, major distribution channels of the fashion start-up companies are mainly on-line open-market consisting of 36% and SNS is up to 80% as the main promotion method. In addition, exports to China account for 71% of all exports. Lastly, 33% of businesses consider viral marketing by influencer and 50% of them make plan to export their items to East Asia. It is of research significance that this study can suggest the successful direction of establishing and operating fashion start-up companies through making good use of Fashion Creative Studio, the supporting program including facility.