• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.111-129
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• 1991

본 논문에서는 재정가격결정모형(裁定價格決定模型)(Arbitrage Pricing Model)을 기초로 우리나라 주식시장에 영향을 주는 거시경제변수가 무엇인가를 찾고자 하였다. 방법론면에서는 과거변수(過去變數)(lagged variables)에 의해서만 기대치를 형성시키는 AIRMA(Autoregressike Integrated with Moving Average) 방법을 이용하기보다는 마코프속성(屬性)(Markov Property)을 갖는 상태공간모형(狀態空間模型) (State Space Model)을 이용하여 보다 합리적인 거시경제 요인의 이노베이션을 하였다. 또한 단순한 요인분석(要因分析)(factor analysis)에 의한 요인추출은 요인의 표본의존성(標本依存性)(Sample dependency)이 심하므로 그룹간 요인분석(inter-battery factor analysis)을 행하여 추정(推定)된 요인(要因)(요인값 : factor score)과 요인수를 결정하여 관련 거시경제변수를 선택한다. 그룹간 요인분석을 위한 그룹을 형성할 때 그룹내에서는 동질성을 그룹간에는 이질성을 최대한 살리는 것이 필요한데, 이를 위해 군집분석(群集分析)(Cluster Analysis)을 사용한 것이 특징이다. 결론적으로 우리나라 주식시장에 영향을 미치는 거시경제요인(巨視經濟要因)으로 단위노동비율, 제조업제품재고지수, 채권프리미엄, 수출물가지수, 정부부문 통화공급, 회사채수익률, 종합주가지수 등 7가지가 있는 것으로 분석되고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.209-222
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to apply ratio analysis, which indicates the rate of income to total expenditure, to examine wage-earners' overspending in Korea. We use the Family Income and Expenditure Survey produced by National Statistical Office Republic of Korea and total sample size is 40,691 including households complete income reported. Through the t-test, among 17 expenditure categories, overspenders is likely to spend more on housing, apparel, medical, education, and leisure expenditures more than non-overspenders significantly. Interestingly, overspenders have more income, but less financial assets than non-overspenders. To analyze the effect of socio-demographic variables on overspending, ordinary least square is utilized. The results shows that the more educated, larger family size, and older consumer tend to overspend. The results of study are leaded into two aspects. First, overspending can be solved by consumer education with efficient financial management practice. Second, overspending may be not solved unless policies in various ways enhance the overall quality of living to lessen each household's budget constraints.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2021

The measures to extend local education autonomy are as follows: First, it is necessary to correct the confusion of the legal system of the local education autonomy system. For this, Article 12, Paragraph 2 and 4 of the 「Special Act on Local Autonomy and Decentralization, and Restructuring of Local Administrative Systems」 which state that "The State shall endeavor to consolidate systems for autonomy in education and local government" and "The implementation of autonomy in education and the autonomous police system shall be prescribed separately by Acts" should be deleted. Second, it is necessary to clarify unnecessary legal matters and regulatory measures for unification at the national level and to proactively consider the introduction of the legal trust system, in which education affairs are designated as local governments' own work and the state carries out specific affairs. The decentralization of local education finance is a key factor for the development of local education autonomy, and it requires the transfer of authority and resources to the region, and the enhancement of local autonomy and corresponding responsibility. First, the ratio of special grants must be adjusted further (from 3% to 2%) or the ratio of national policy projects must be lowered. Second, the provision that requires a consultation with a mayor/governor when making a budget covered by transfers from general accounts should be deleted. Third, it is necessary to remove the elements that limit the authority of city and provincial councils. Fourth, it is necessary to integrate the national education tax and the local education tax to create the education autonomy tax (tentative name) for only one independent purpose. Fifth, it is necessary to strengthen the distribution of the total amount of grants and abolish the settlement regulations for the measurement items of standard financial demand. Sixth is the expansion of the participation of stakeholders and experts in the grant distribution process. Seventh, it is necessary to establish a long-term employment system by designating the education finance field as a special field. Eight is the expansion of cooperative governance.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine people's awareness of health insurance in a bid to help improve the management of dental health insurance coverage. The subjects in this study were 1,036 people who included experts in that field and medical consumers. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. In regard to the demographic characteristics of the expert group including gender and age, the female experts outnumbered the males, as the former accounted for 84.7 percent. And the experts in their 20s made up the largest age group, followed by the 30-39 age group and those in their 40s. As to the demographic characteristics of the medical consumers, the rates of the men and women stood at 49.8 percent and 50.2 percent respectively, which were similar. By age, the largest number of the medical consumers were in their 20s, followed by in their 30s and in their 40s. 2. Concerning opinions on the procurement of finance for health insurance, many respondents in both groups agreed that the health insurance coverage should be enlarged by securing more finance, and that items involved in the coverage should be prioritized again. Regarding a means of securing financial resources, the experts placed the most emphasis on extended budgetary support from the government, followed by establishing a social security system and budget compilation by local governments. The medical consumers attached the most importance to extended budgetary backing from the government, followed by budget compilation by local governments and determining contribution according to income level. 3. As for general view of the dental health insurance, the experts believed that the amounts of copayment and self-payment by the insured were appropriate(2.47), and they found the number of benefitted items to be proper(2.29) as well. The medical consumers thought that the benefit percentage of the dental health insurance in the overall health insurance budget was appropriate(2.26), and they also considered the number of benefitted items adequate(2.16). But this group didn't give a lot of marks to the appropriateness of those things. 4. As to perception about the dental health insurance, both groups took a similar view of it. Specifically, they felt the strong need for a dental health insurance system. In terms of satisfaction level, both groups were dissatisfied with it, and there was a strong tendency for them to be discontented with the health insurance coverage.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.147-175
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the organizational characteristics and interorganizational network level on social welfare organizationas' effectiveness using structural equation model. For achieving this purpose, this study defined organizational effectiveness as financial, human and physical resource capability according to resource systems approach. Organizational characteristics variables included the number of qualified staff, degree of resource dependency, the proportion of government subsidies, the main organizational philosophy, establishment year, the attitude of top manager and the number of informal ties. Interorganizational network variables were divided by outdegree centrality and indegree centrality. The data collected from women's welfare organizations in Seoul through survey method. The analysis tools used the UCINET 6.245 for the network analysis and AMOS 18.0 for the structural equation model. The results of this study are as follows. The factors affected on the financial resource capacity were the number of qualified staff, the proportion of government subsides and the indegree centrality. Meanwhile, only indegree centrality directly influenced on the human resource capability. The significant affecting factors on physical resource capacity were the number of qualified staff, the attitude of top manager and informal ties. Based on these results, the implications of this study and the ways to enhance social welfare organization's effectiveness were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 2021

The military pension deficit is increasing due to an increase in the average life expectancy and pension option rate, and a significant reason for this is estimated to be a continued increase in the number of military pension recipients. In terms of the soundness of military pension finances, this paper uses the Markov chain model to validate the stability of the military group, suggesting the direction of future military pension system in terms of the ratio of pension receipts to employees, and verifying the feasibility of the method applied through verification. Through this paper, we have confirmed that the initial 45,270 military personnel converge to 43,141 after a certain period of time and reach a stable state, which is expected to help us to estimate the long term size of military pension recipients to confirm the direction of national financial support. Military man who are eligible for pensions for more than 20 years have a relatively low rate of turnover or retirement compared to ordinary private groups, making it easier to define their status and simplify state transition probabilities. Therefore, it is expected that the sustainability of the military pension will be confirmed from a long term perspective by viewing the military group as a system and applying it to the Markov chain model by checking the probability of transfer of status such as promotion, maintaining the current grade, and retirement during the period.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.20-33
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• 2006

Changing of industry structure and development of traffic and telecommunications requires a change of the knowledge about the space where the human beings reside. Step by step the world is being divided into specified utility blocks. Today there is a limit that only one local government can compete with another region in the world. This study provides decision support tools with the use of GIS on the regional level for regions competition. GIS establishes regions and analyzes their geographic environment data, which will help in local-government problem solving and provide framework data for similar regions to become the community. The wide-area GIS application can present an objective and rational basis for regulation of inefficient investments and excessive competition between adjacent regions. The study area is Gangwon-do. Considering specific features of Gangwon-do which preserved high-quality environment resources, river basins were taken as a basis among natural regional elements. The main object of analysis conducted were the facts relevant to environmental regulation. The Gangwon-do consists of three regions in this study: Yongdong region, North-Hangang region and South-Hangang region. The analysis of each region regulation cases showed the following: in Youngdong region the forests regulation rate is high, in North-Hangang region the military installations protection sector's rate as well as regulation rate for water resources protection is relatively high, in South-Hangang region the forest and water resources regulation rate is high. The percentage of forests and water regulation rate appeared to be rather high in Gangwon-do, which means that the value of forest and water resources there is very high.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.224-235
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• 2019

The increase in the amount of energy used in the agricultural sector due to the expansion of agricultural machinery and greenhouse horticulture has caused a range of problems, such as an increase in the cost of input, such as heating costs and greenhouse gas emission. To overcome these problems, this study examined the current status of energy use in greenhouse horticulture as well as the change patterns of non-taxable oil and agricultural electricity, and reviewed the current status of the supply of renewable energy and energy saving facilities for agriculture. This study investigated the area of advanced and renewable energy and energy saving facilities implemented, applied the energy saving ratio of advanced and renewable energy and energy saving facilities, and determined the effects of renewable energy in the agricultural sector, such as increase in production, decrease in heating cost, reduction in Government financial expenditure, reduction in greenhouse gas emission, and oil substitution effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2010

낙후된 도시를 정비하는 방법으로 새로이 등장한 거점확산형 주거환경개선사업은 전면철거방식인 주택재개발사업이내 공동주택 건설방식과 비교하여 지역주민의 재정착 비율이 높고, 기존 도시 조직을 고려하며 점진적으로 개발할 수 있는 기성시가지 정비수법으로 주목받아 왔다. 또한 지역의 침체된 경제를 활성화시키고 황폐화된 구시가지를 회복시키기 위하여 정부에서는 도시의 새로운 경쟁력을 찾고 지역 주민의 삶의 질을 보장하기 위해 지역 주민의 삶의 질을 보장하기 위해 지역 커뮤니티를 근간으로 하는 도시재생사업을 추진하게 되었다. 효과적인 거점확산형 주거환경개선사업을 위해서는 주민참여가 중요하며, 현재에 이르러서는 필수적인 요건이 되었고, 도시계획 역시 주민과 함께 하는 방향으로 변화하게 되었다. 이에 따라 GIS도 주민과 같은 비전문가의 의사결정을 지원하기 위한 도구로 확대되어 활용되고 있다 하지만, 현행 주민참여 방식은 형식적인 수단에 불과하며, 주민 참여도를 높일 수 있는 획기적인 방법은 아직도 연구해야할 과제이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 커뮤니티의 재생을 목적으로 하는 거점확산형 주거환경개선사업에서 능동적 주민참여를 좀 더 효율적으로 이끌어 내고자 사업정보제공서비스, 주민의사반영 서비스, 쌍방향적 의견교환서비스, GIS 서비스를 제공하는 커뮤니티 재생을 위한 앱 기반 PPGIS 모델을 제안하였다. 최근 스마트폰의 보급률이 급증함에 따라 스마트폰의 활용은 주민들의 관심과 참여 비율의 변화를 크게 가져올 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 커뮤니티 재생을 위한 스마트폰의 앱 기반 PPGIS 모델은 정책결정자, 전문가 그리고 주민이 서로의 생각을 교환하고 이해하는데 또 다른 유용한 의사소통 도구가 되어 주민의 참여도를 높여 줄 것이라 기대된다 특히, 스마트폰을 많이 사용하고 있는 젊은층의 흥미를 유발하여 참여도가 낮은 젊은층의 참여도를 높이는데 기여할 것이라 여겨진다,

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.151-160
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• 2017

Giving behavior can be defined to be a behavior intended to benefit the society's charity works and public works via sharing one's financial resources. The determinants of giving behavior largely consist of sociodemographic factors, such as the income, age, gender, religion, education level, residential areas, and tax deduction policy, etc. This paper considers the income level, self-esteem, and perceived responsibility toward social welfare, as the major research variables. Statistical results, based on 2014 Korean Welfare Panel data, show that the income level and self-esteem have positive influence on participation intention in charitable giving. However, welfare responsibility has negative impact on participation intention. Second, household income was the only salient, negative factor for giving efforts defined as the amount of donation over income, implying that the higher income brackets are giving less money relative to their income level, than those with lower income level. Contrary to our expectation, self-esteem and welfare responsibility were not statistically significant explanatory variables.