• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.133-142
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• 2010

To monitor composition and change of the national land, intelligent topographical classifier which enables accurate classification of land-cover types from airborne LiDAR data is highly required. We developed a topographical classifier development support system cooperating with da1a mining tool WEKA to help users to construct accurate topographical classification systems. The topographical classifier development support system has the following functions; superposing LiDAR data upon corresponding aerial images, dividing LiDAR data into tiles for efficient processing, 3D visualization of partial LiDAR data, feature from tiles, automatic WEKA input generation, and automatic C++ program generation from the classification rule set. In addition, with dam mining tool WEKA, we can choose highly distinguishable features by attribute selection function and choose the best classification model as the result topographical classifier. Therefore, users can easily develop intelligent topographical classifier which is well fitted to the developing objectives by using the topographical classifier development support system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.892-896
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• 2008

In construction work's process of a basic planning, we must carry out a topographical for construction reserved land and to the basis of this, production of profile is Indispensable factor for the purpose of every construction work such as road, rail way, canal and etc. From this research, the production of profile about construction reserved land, using topography information of numerical value topographical map produced by NGIS construction project, construct precision 3D topography model and from this, propose plans for utilizing by producing automatic profile. With the aim of this, abstract every layers of main facilities and altitude from numerical value topographical map and while producing 3D topography model by using this, we produce and product automatic profile from construct precision 3D topography. And about the produced profile's process, a topographical by mutual analysis was carried out to check whether the automatic produced profile's accuracy could be accepted at actual estimation and permissible accuracy. It is considered that the result of the research could be suggested as a new formation techniques concept which can reduce the designing time and expenses and increase the efficiency of planning in the basic design process for the construction.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2006

In this paper, passport recognition and face verification methods which can automatically recognize passport codes and discriminate forgery passports to improve efficiency and systematic control of immigration management are proposed. Adjusting the slant is very important for recognition of characters and face verification since slanted passport images can bring various unwanted effects to the recognition of individual codes and faces. Therefore, after smearing the passport image, the longest extracted string of characters is selected. The angle adjustment can be conducted by using the slant of the straight and horizontal line that connects the center of thickness between left and right parts of the string. Extracting passport codes is done by Sobel operator, horizontal smearing, and 8-neighborhood contour tracking algorithm. The string of codes can be transformed into binary format by applying repeating binary method to the area of the extracted passport code strings. The string codes are restored by applying CDM mask to the binary string area and individual codes are extracted by 8-neighborhood contour tracking algerian. The proposed RBF network is applied to the middle layer of RBF network by using the fuzzy logic connection operator and proposing the enhanced fuzzy ART algorithm that dynamically controls the vigilance parameter. The face is authenticated by measuring the similarity between the feature vector of the facial image from the passport and feature vector of the facial image from the database that is constructed with PCA algorithm. After several tests using a forged passport and the passport with slanted images, the proposed method was proven to be effective in recognizing passport codes and verifying facial images.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.15B no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2008

Fault localization plays a significant role in enormous distributed system because it can identify root cause of observed faults automatically, supporting self-managing which remains an open topic in managing and controlling complex distributed systems to improve system reliability. Although many Artificial Intelligent techniques have been introduced in support of fault localization in recent research especially in increasing complex ubiquitous environment, the provided functions such as diagnosis and prediction are limited. In this paper, we propose fault localization for self-managing in performance evaluation in order to improve system reliability via learning and analyzing real-time streams of system performance events. We use probabilistic reasoning functions based on the basic Bayes' rule to provide effective mechanism for managing and evaluating system performance parameters automatically, and hence the system reliability is improved. Moreover, due to large number of considered factors in diverse and complex fault reasoning domains, we develop an efficient method which extracts relevant parameters having high relationships with observing problems and ranks them orderly. The selected node ordering lists will be used in network modeling, and hence improving learning efficiency. Using the approach enables us to diagnose the most probable causal factor with responsibility for the underlying performance problems and predict system situation to avoid potential abnormities via posting treatments or pretreatments respectively. The experimental application of system performance analysis by using the proposed approach and various estimations on efficiency and accuracy show that the availability of the proposed approach in performance evaluation domain is optimistic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06c
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• pp.274-276
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• 2006

e-seal은 RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) 기술을 사용하여 원격에서 자동으로 봉인상태를 확인할 수 있는 컨테이너 봉인 장치를 말한다. RFID의 특징상 반도체 칩에 기록된 정보를 제 삼자가 쉽게 판독 및 변조할 수 있다는 취약점으로 인하여 활성화되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. ISO에서는 RFID의 취약점을 보안하기 위한 표준작업(ISO 18185)을 진행 중이다. 이 중, ISO 18185-4는 e-seal에 저장되는 자료나 리더와의 RF통신에서 데이터 보호를 위한 표준이다. 이와 관련된 연구로는 인증 프로토콜과 ISO 18185-4를 위한 보고서로 제출된 보안 프로토콜이 있다. 제안된 e-seal 보안 프로토콜을 적용하기 위해서는 e-seal과 리더 간의 데이터를 암/복호화할 키가 필요하지만, 키 서버를 통해 전달받은 마스터 키를 데이터 암/복호화 키로 바로 사용하는 것은 보안 상의 문제점을 야기할 수 있기 때문에 PRF(Pseudo Random Function)을 이용하여 마스터 키로부터 MTK(Mutual Transient Key)를 유도하고, MTK를 암/복호화 키로 사용해야 한다. 기존의 PRF는 일방향 해시 함수(MD5, SHA 등)를 기반으로 하는 HMAC[2. 3]을 일반적으로 사용하였다. 그러나 일방향 해시 함수는 e-seal과 같은 제한된 자원을 갖는 환경에 적합하지 않다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 e-seal 보안 프로토콜을 위한 효율적인 PRF을 제안한다. 기존의 일방향 해시 함수 기반이 아닌 블록 암호화 알고리즘을 기반으로 하는 MAC을 이용하여 PRF을 보다 효율적으로 구현하였고, 블록 암호화 알고리즘은 AES를 선택 합성체 $GF((2^4)^2)$을 통해 하드웨어 모듈을 최적화 하였다. AES를 기반으로 하는 MAC은 HMAC에 비해 면적 및 처리율에서 뛰어난 결과를 보여주었다.<0.01).이상의 연구 결과, cook-chill생산 시 녹차 추출물의 첨가가 미생물적 품질유지에 효과가 있다고 사료되는 바 본 연구결과를 기초로 급식소에서 음식 생산 시 녹차 추출물 및 천연 항균성 물질 첨가에 따른 미생물적 품질 및 관능적 품질검사를 통한 레시피 개발에 관한 지속적인 연구가 수행되어야 하겠다.다.다리다보니 점심시간을 활용할 수 없게 되는 문제점에 대한 재검토가 필요하다. 따라서 차후 학교급식의 안전성 확보를 위한 급식환경 개선의 일환으로 식당공간 확보 시 신속한 시간 내에 급식이 가능하도록 넓은 공간과 쾌적한 환경의 식당 조성에 대해 관심을 기울여야 할 것으로 사료된다. 이상 여부를 반영하는 임상증상의 빈도가 높은 청소년기 남녀 중학생의 경우 아침과 저녁의 결식빈도 및 외식과 간식의 빈도가 높았고, 아침식사의 질과 체형만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타나 청소년의 건강과 식습관 및 체형만족도가 상호 관련성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 성장기 청소년의 건강 유지를 위하여 바람직한 식습관의 중요성을 재인식할 수 있었으며, 올바른 식습관 확립을 위한 영양교육의 중요성이 재확인되었다.경제적일 것으로 판단된다.er 90 % of good relative dynamic modulus of elasticity due to fineness of formation caused by the increase of the unit powder content and the improvement of flowability, without regard to the replacement of crushed stone fines. Therefore, it can be said that the usage of crushed stone fines can control the strength of super flowing concrete by replacement and re

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.897-909
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• 2014

With the development of the Internet, the number of cyber threats is continuously increasing and their techniques are also evolving for the purpose of attacking our crucial systems. Since attackers are able to easily make exploit codes, i.e., malware, using dedicated generation tools, the number of malware is rapidly increasing. However, it is not easy to analyze all of malware due to an extremely large number of malware. Because of this, many researchers have proposed the malware classification methods that aim to identify unforeseen malware from the well-known malware. The existing malware classification methods used malicious information obtained from the static and the dynamic malware analysis as the criterion of calculating the similarity between malwares. Also, most of them used API functions and their sequences that are divided into a certain length. Thus, the accuracy of the malware classification heavily depends on the length of divided API sequences. In this paper, we propose an extraction method of optimized API sequence length and combination that can be used for improving the performance of the malware classification.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.651-662
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• 2023

Recently, research on the use of Building Information Modeling(BIM) for various construction management activities is being actively conducted, and interest in 3D model-based estimation is increasing because it has the advantage of being able to be automatically performed using the attribute information of the 3D model. Therefore, this study aimed that the difference in the quantities is calculated the quantity based on the 2D drawing of a building and is extracted from the 3D model created by the Revit software was compared and tried to find out the cause. The difference in the quantity calculated by the two methods was the largest in the formwork, followed by the smallest in the order of the quantity of rebar and concrete. The reason for this difference is that there is a part where the quantity extraction in the 3D model is not suitable for the quantity calculation standard, and in particular, in the case of formwork, it was difficult to separate only the quantity of the necessary part. In addition, since the quantity of rebar was not separated by member, it was impossible to accurately compare the quantity and identify the cause of the difference. Therefore, it is considered to be the most reasonable to use application software that imports only the numerical information necessary for quantity calculation from the 3D model and applies a separate calculation formula.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2003.10d
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• pp.246-251
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• 2003

한국어의 언어적 특성에 의해 빈번하게 등장하는 명사와 기능어의 나열은 기능어나 연결 구문의 잦은 생략현상에 의해 복합 명사의 출현을 발생시킨다. 따라서, 한국어 분석에서 복합 명사의 처리 방법은 매우 중요한 문제로 인식되었으며 활발한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 복합 명사의 의미 결정은 복합 명사구 내 단위 명사간의 의미적인 수식 관계를 고려하여 머리어의 선택과 의미를 함께 결정할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 정보 검색의 색인어 추출 방법에서 사용되는 복합 명사구 내의 서술성 명사 처리를 이용하여 복합 명사의 의미 결정을 인접 명사의 의미 공기 정보가 아닌 구문관계에 따른 의미 공기 정보를 사용하여 분석하는 방법을 제시한다. 복합 명사구 내에서 구문적인 관계는 명사구 내에 서술성 명사가 등장하는 경우 보-술 관계에 의한 격 결정 문제로 전환할 수 있다. 이러한 구문 구조는 명사 의미를 결정할 수 있는 추가적인 정보로 활용할 수 있으며, 이때 구문 구조 파악을 위해 구축된 의미 제약 조건을 활용하도록 한다. 구조 분석에서 사용되는 격틀 정보는 동사와 공기하는 명사의 구문 관계를 분석하기 위해 의미 정보를 제약조건으로 하여 구축된다. 이러한 의미 격틀 정보는 단문 내 명사들의 격 결정과 격을 채우는 명사 의미를 결정할 수 있는 정보로 활용된다. 본 논문에서는 현재 개발중인 한영 기계 번역 시스템 Tellus-KE의 단문 단위 대역어 선정을 위해 구축된 의미 대역패턴인 동사구 패턴을 사용한다. 동사구 패턴에 기술된 한국어의 단문 단위 의미 격 정보를 사용하는 경우, 격결정을 위해 사용되는 의미 제약 조건이 복합 명사의 중심어 선택과 의미 결정에 재활용 될 수 있으며, 병렬말뭉치에 의해 반자동으로 구축되는 의미 대역 패턴을 사용하여 데이터 구축의 어려움을 개선하고자 한다. 및 산출 과정에 즉각적으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 이러한 정보들은 현재 구축중인 세종 전자사전에도 직접 반영되고 있다.teness)은 언화행위가 성공적이라는 것이다.[J. Searle] (7) 수로 쓰인 것(상수)(象數)과 시로 쓰인 것(의리)(義理)이 하나인 것은 그 나타난 것과 나타나지 않은 것들 사이에 어떠한 들도 없음을 말한다. [(성중영)(成中英)] (8) 공통의 규범의 공통성 속에 규범적인 측면이 벌써 있다. 공통성에서 개인적이 아닌 공적인 규범으로의 전이는 규범, 가치, 규칙, 과정, 제도로의 전이라고 본다. [C. Morrison] (9) 우리의 언어사용에 신비적인 요소를 부인할 수가 없다. 넓은 의미의 발화의미(utterance meaning) 속에 신비적인 요소나 애정표시도 수용된다. 의미분석은 지금 한글을 연구하고, 그 결과에 의존하여서 우리의 실제의 생활에 사용하는 $\ulcorner$한국어사전$\lrcorner$ 등을 만드는 과정에서, 어떤 의미에서 실험되었다고 말할 수가 있는 언어과학의 연구의 결과에 의존하여서 수행되는 철학적인 작업이다. 여기에서는 하나의 철학적인 연구의 시작으로 받아들여지는 이 의미분석의 문제를 반성하여 본다.반인과 다르다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 이 결과가 옳다면 한국의 심성 어휘집은 어절 문맥에 따라서 어간이나 어근 또는 활용형 그 자체로 이루어져 있을 것이다.으며, 레드 클로버 + 혼파 초지가 건물수량과 사료가치를 높이는데 효과적이었다.\ell}$ 이었으며 , yeast extract 첨가(添加)하여 배양시(培養時)는 yeast extract 농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)함에 따라 단백질(蛋白質) 함량(含量)도 증가(增加)하였다. 7. CHS-13 균주(菌株)의 RNA 함량(

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.135-149
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• 2000

Most of prior works on testing parallel programs have concentrated on how to guarantee the reproducibility by employing event traces exercised during executions of a program. Consequently, little work has been done to generate test cases, especially, from specifications produced from software development process. In this research work, we devise the techniques for deriving test cases automatically from the specifications written in Message Sequence Charts(MSCs) which are widely used in telecommunication areas and develop the testing environment for performing module testing of parallel programs with derived test cases. For deriving test cases from MSCs, we have to uncover the causality relations among events embedded implicitly in MSCs. For this, we devise the methods for adapting vector time stamping to MSCs, Then, valid event sequences, satisfying the causality relations, are generated and these are used as test cases. The generated test cases, written in TTCN, are translated into CHILL source codes, which interact with a target module to be tested and test the validity of behaviors of the module. Since the testing method developed in this research work extracts test cases from the MSC specifications produced front telecommunications software development process, it is not necessary to describe auxiliary specifications for testing. In audition adapting vector time stamping generates automatically the event sequences, the generated event sequences that are ones for whole system can be used for individual testing purpose.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

In Korea, a resident registration card has various personal information such as a present address, a resident registration number, a face picture and a fingerprint. A plastic-type resident card currently used is easy to forge or alter and tricks of forgery grow to be high-degree as time goes on. So, whether a resident card is forged or not is difficult to judge by only an examination with the naked eye. This paper proposed an automatic recognition method of a resident card which recognizes a resident registration number by using a refined ART2-based RBF network newly proposed and authenticates a face picture by a template image matching method. The proposed method, first, extracts areas including a resident registration number and the date of issue from a resident card image by applying Sobel masking, median filtering and horizontal smearing operations to the image in turn. To improve the extraction of individual codes from extracted areas, the original image is binarized by using a high-frequency passing filter and CDM masking is applied to the binaried image fur making image information of individual codes better. Lastly, individual codes, which are targets of recognition, are extracted by applying 4-directional contour tracking algorithm to extracted areas in the binarized image. And this paper proposed a refined ART2-based RBF network to recognize individual codes, which applies ART2 as the loaming structure of the middle layer and dynamicaly adjusts a teaming rate in the teaming of the middle and the output layers by using a fuzzy control method to improve the performance of teaming. Also, for the precise judgement of forgey of a resident card, the proposed method supports a face authentication by using a face template database and a template image matching method. For performance evaluation of the proposed method, this paper maked metamorphoses of an original image of resident card such as a forgey of face picture, an addition of noise, variations of contrast variations of intensity and image blurring, and applied these images with original images to experiments. The results of experiment showed that the proposed method is excellent in the recognition of individual codes and the face authentication fur the automatic recognition of a resident card.