• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.291-302
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was a secondary data analysis aimed at identifying the predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the home-dwelling disabled person by using EQ-5D which is a standardized instrument used as a measure of health outcome. Methods: Data were drawn from the 3rd Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW). Subjects were 1,021 home-dwelling disabled persons over 19 years of age. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation, one-way ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, and Stepwise multiple regression. Results: HRQoL (Health Related Quality of Life) is differentiated within age, genders, educational level, employment status, economic status, types and grades of disability, health problems associated with limited mobility, and the limited duration of time. HRQoL is correlated with age, number of cohabiters, educational level, grades of disability, activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental ADL (IADL). HRQoL is significantly associated with ADL, health problems in connection with limited mobility, employment status, types of disability, marital status, grades of disability, and the limited duration of time. These factors explained 63.7% of variance in HRQoL. Conclusion: HRQoL among the disabled is related to their characteristics, ADL, and IADL. For this reason, it is necessary to develop health programs to promote those variables required to improve HRQoL.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.281-290
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• 2010

Purpose: This purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to the health related quality of life among institutionalized elders. Methods: The subjects were 247 elders institutionalized among one of the four nursing homes in Busan. Data were collected through interview with four standardized questionnaires from August to October, 2008. Questionnaires were related to health related quality of life (SmithKline Beecham's Quality of Life scale, SBQoL), quality of sleep(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index, PSQI), activity of daily living (Katz ADL Index), and depression (Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form Korea, GDSSF-K). Data were analyzed for descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression by using SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. Results: The mean HRQoL in the subjects was $6.62{\pm}0.91$. Percentage of the respondents reporting sleep disorders were 72.5% and 27.1% reported being vulnerable to depression. The significant predictors of the HRQoL were sleep quality, activity of daily living (ADL), level of education, and depression. The factors accounted for 28.8% of variance in the health related quality of life of institutionalized elders. Conclusion: Sleep quality, activity of daily living, and depression need to be considered as the important control factors for improving the health related quality of life in the institutionalized elders.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.715-727
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• 2015

This study was conducted to explore the impact of nursing staffing on inpatient nursing outcomes in long term care hospitals. A secondary analysis was done of national data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Services including evaluation of long term care hospitals. Patients per RN was a significant indicator of foley catheter ratio in high risk group and low risk group. Patients per RN&NA was a significant indicator of decline in ADL for patients with dementia, non dementia, urinary incontinence and new pressure ulcer development in the high risk group. The average nursing outcome of inpatient in high grade was higher than that low grade in long care hospital. This higher level of nursing staffing and the higher the grade shown a positive effect on the nursing outcomes of the inpatient. We therefore recommend modifying the above nurse staffing policy so as to make it more effective in improving nursing outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2007

Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze factors affecting depression in pneumoconiosis patients. Methods: The subjects were 200 pneumoconiosis patients hospitalized in Pneumoconiosis Hospitals in An-san and Tae-beck. Collected 114 surveys were used in this study among 200 surveys since 86 surveys offered insufficient data. SAS for Windows 8.01 was used to analyse the data Results: Percentage of normal and mild depression is 2.6%, Percentage of moderate depression is 14.9%, Percentage of severe depression is 79.8%. In order to analyze the factors affecting depression rate, the factors with p-values less than 0.1, such as age, education, religion, work department, hospitalized period, physical pain existence, daily living ability, family supports and internal locus of control, were selected as independent factors and analyzed using a stepwise multiple regression. As results, the factor that affected the rate of depression were of the age, education, ADL(Activities of Daily Living), the internal locus of control, family support. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop health program which can improve the patient's ADL(Activities of Daily Living), enforce internal locus of control to minimize the depression rate in pneumoconiosis patients.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.461-475
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the related factors of oral health-related quality of life in the severely disabled people. Methods: The subjects were 205 severe disabled people in Busan and Gyeongnam. Data were collected by direct interview with the severe disabled persons from June to August, 2011. The study instruments included oral health impact profile(OHIP)-14 and Korean instrumental activities of daily living(K-IADL). Data were analyzed by SAS version 9.2. The questionnaire consisted of eight questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, five questions of oral health related problem, seven questions of K-ADL, ten questions of K-IADL, fourteen questions of oral health related quality of life. Results: The severely disabled's IADL was $19.9{\pm}7.8$ and the oral health-related quality of life was $17.5{\pm}10.5$. In multiple regression analysis, oral health-related quality of life was closely related to multiple disorders and IADL. Conclusions: The oral health-related quality of life was poor in the severely disabled people. It is necessary to provide the severely disabled people with self-supporting tools that help ADL and IADL.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.212-221
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• 2015

This study searched the effect of volunteering activity on democratic citizen consciousness as a mediation of adolescents' leadership living technique. For this, it has been conducted that a survey for 386 middle and high school students in Chungcheongbuk-do. Main analysis results are as follows. First, searching the effect on democratic citizen consciousness, it is analyzed that volunteering activity participation satisfaction level(${\beta}=.215$), learning ability technique(${\beta}=.297$), group activity technique(${\beta}=.145$) have a positive(+) effect. Second, as a result of mediation effect, volunteering activity is confirmed that is meaningful as both a direct effect(.35) on democratic citizen consciousness and an indirect effect($.42{\times}.65=.29$) as leadership living technique and it is appeared as an partial mediation effect. Therefore, in order to improve adolescents' democratic citizen consciousness, active support for volunteering activity and overall efforts which are able to activate the leadership technique in real youth everyday life are necessary.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.479-498
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• 2016

Time is important in children's lives since their preschool years. However, previous studies indicate that many children struggle with the acquisition of time concepts. Also teachers do not know how to help them. This study aims to investigate elementary school students' understanding about time and induce its educational implications. To do this, about 130 children from first to fifth grades were tested for their ability to recognize(read and record) the analogue and digital times and to solve elapsed-time problems. The results showed that even first graders were able to read and record the minute times on digital clocks. And second graders were able to read and record the minute times on analogue clocks. Therefore, the ability to recognize analogue times was mastered by second grade. In case of the elapsed-time problems, there was statistically significant difference according to school years or types of problems. Students were successful in solving simple problems. However, the problems that include regrouping hour and minute remained difficult even for the older children. Based on these results, we made a few suggestions for teaching practice about time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.245-252
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to verify the effectiveness of modified constraint-induced movement therapy(mCIMT) on upper function and activities of daily living in people with subacute stroke patients. METHODS: Eighteen participants, with subacute stroke that were randomly assigned to either the experimental group(n=9) or the control group(n=9). For subjects from the experimental group modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy was performed. exercise program, the patient trained in affected side upper extremity with restricted non-affected side for 1 hour and using in activity daily living for 4 hours for five times per week, during 4 weeks. For subjects from the control group, conventional upper extremity training was performed. Outcomes such as the box and block test(BBT), Fugl-Meyer motor function assessment(FMA), and modified Barthel index(MBI) were measured before and after training. Between-group and within-group comparisons were analyzed by using Independent t-test and Paired t-test respectively. RESULTS: These finding suggest that experimental group was significant increase in BBT, FMA, MBI(p<.05). In comparison of two group, experimental group was high upper function and activity daily living than control group. CONCLUSION: This study showed experimental group can be used to improve upper function and activity daily living than control group. Thus it indicates that mCIMT will be more improved through the continued upper extremity exercise program.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.983-990
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was to investigate the level of oral health, xerostomia, and oral health related activities of daily living(ADL) and the clinical factors influencing oral health related quality of life(OHIP-14) in elderly for visiting healthcare. Methods : Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 106 elderly people(mean age=$77.5{\pm}4.98$). Participants in the study were recruited when they attended the public health center in Cheonan-si. Data were collected by means of a personal interview from July 19 through to August 20, 2010. Oral health related ADL, OHIP-14 and dry mouth was measured by the total 24-items. The data was analysed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression using the SPSS program. Results : Participants had a mean of 13.6 remaining natural teeth, which was significantly with age and perceived oral health. Xerostomia score achieved a mean of 6.39 out of a maximum 12 points. Powerful predictors of OHIP-14 were natural teeth, masticatory difficulty, oral pain, PHP index, perceived oral health, age and living together for the elderly Conclusions : Based on the findings, OHIP-14 has a significantly impact on oral health related ADL. These results suggest that elder people oral health promotion should be developed assessment index which was measured predictors related oral health in the elderly for visiting healthcare.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of task-oriented training program on balance, activities of daily living(ADL) performance, and self-efficacy in stroke patients. Method : Two subjects with stroke in experimental group participated in the task-oriented training program, while two subjects with stroke in control group received traditional rehabilitation therapy for 4 weeks, 30 minutes per session, four times per week. The task-oriented training program consisted of four tasks with 4 difficulty levels. In two groups, balance was examined with using the Berg Balance Scale(BBS), ADL performance was examined with using the Modified Barthel Index(MBI), and Self Efficacy was evaluated with using the Self-Efficacy scale(SES) before and after 4-week training. Result : After 4 weeks training, all scores of measurement variables increased in both the experimental group and the control group, but the average rates of change differed between the two groups. After the training program, the scores of BBS, MBI, and SES in experimental group increased to 11.4%, 9.9%, 15.4%, respectively than pre-training. Conclusion : According to the results of this study, task-oriented training program might be proposed as a intervention to improve balance ability, ADL performance, and self-efficacy in stroke patients.