• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.20-23
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• 1996

최근에 인공생명이나 진화적 계산론이라는 이름의 새로운 지능정보처리 방식이 미국과 일본을 중심으로 활발히 연구되고 있다. 이것은 지금까지 개별적으로 제안된 두뇌의 가소성이나 개체의 발생, 적응과 진화 등 생물의 특성으로부터 파생된 모형들을 총동원하여 정보처리의 새로운 가능성을 모색하고자 하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 인공생명의 연구가 어떻게 시작되었으며, 현재의 기술수준이 어느 정도인지에 대하여 소개하고자 한다. 아울러, 인공생명으로부터 가능한 새로운 형태의 정보처리 기능창출을 목표로 하는 연구동향을 살펴보고 앞으로의 방향을 전망해 본다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2009

Wetland plants are an important component for wetland design and construction because they determine functions of wetlands through interactions with the abiotic environment such as wetland soil and hydrology as well as with other wetland organisms. In this study, germination experiments with soils from a natural wetland that contain seeds of wetland plants were conducted in wetland mesocosms to investigate the applicability of natural wetland soils for introducing and establishing wetland plants into constructed wetlands. Seven species were germinated in the experiment, with two new species that were not found in the field survey of wetland plants in the West Nakdong River area, Korea. The number of plant individuals germinated in submerged conditions (15 individuals) was much greater than that in waterlogged conditions (2 individuals). In experiments in which soils from a natural wetland and a wetland construction site were mixed at different ratios, the largest number of plant individuals was observed in the condition with 100% natural wetland soil. The highest growth was observed at 50% natural wetland soil for Hydrilla verticillata and 100% for Ceratophyllum demersum. These results suggest that 1:1 mixture of soils from natural wetland wetlands and wetland construction sites would provide an appropriate condition for secure establishment of submerged plants in constructed wetlands.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.433-441
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• 2020

This study was conducted to understand the distribution characteristics of aquatic insects in ecologically different ponds in terms of the disruption. We investigated the fauna of aquatic insects in three artificial ponds (pond 1, 2 and 3) and two natural ponds (pond 4 and 5) located within 1 km each other around Gungdaeoreum in Jeju Island, from March 2018 to June 2020. A total of 50 species belonging to 15 families were found in the surveyed ponds: total 850 individuals with 14 species in 4 families of the order Odonata, total 4,391 individuals with 14 species in 6 families of the order Hemiptera, and total 2,014 individuals with 22 species in 4 families of the order Coleoptera. In overall, total abundance and species numbers were relatively higher than those of artificial pond in natural ponds in which animal and plant ecosystems were well established. In the case of artificial ponds, the number of individuals and species recovered rapidly when reconstituted by introducing aquatic plants, etc. (Pond 1). The nymphs of Odonata were observed largely in ponds without natural enemies such as large fish, and where adults could freely access without interception by artificial structure. Phytophagous Corixidae of the order Hemiptera were abundant, and Haliplidae populations of the order Coleoptera were affected by the distribution of the plants. Accordingly, the major factors affecting aquatic insect abundance were identified as the presence of refuges such as the topography and aquatic plants and presence of predators. Species of the order, Odonata were vulnerable based on these factors. Our results can be useful as basic information for the restoration of wetlands and construction of artificial wetlands or for conservation of species diversity in the future.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.160-166
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• 1996

Objective of this study was to investigate the effects of all current speed on the microclimates above and inside the plug stand under artificial light. Maximum air temperature appeared near the top of the plug stand. Difference in air temperature inside the plug stand increased with the decreasing air current speed. Difference in relative humidity(DRH) to the relative humidity at the Inlet of the main air flow conditioner Inside and above the plug stand decreased with the increasing air current speed. Relative humidity inside the plug stand was 10-15% higher than that above the plug stand. DRH inside a stand of plug at air current speed of 0.3m s$^{-1}$ was about two times as many as that at air current speed of 0.9 m s$^{-1}$ . DRH inside the plug stand was 2.8-6.5% higher at LAI of 2.6 than that at LAI of 0.5. Gradient for the vapour pressure deficit was distinctly appeared at the low air current speed. Direction of vapour pressure flux is from the medium surface upwards. Difference in vapour pressure(DVPD) to the vapour pressure deficit at the inlet of the main air flow conditioner inside and above the plug stand decreased with the increasing height above the medium surface. DVPD inside the plug stand was 0.3-0.4㎪ higher at air current speed of 0.9m s$^{-1}$ than that at air current speed of 0.3m s$^{-1}$ . Results for the effects of air current speed on the relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit indicated that the microclimates above and inside the plug stand at the rear region in plug trays were slightly unfavorable compared to those at middle region.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.324-326
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• 2017

개체명 인식은 입력 문장에서 인명, 지명, 기관명, 날짜, 시간 등과 같은 고유한 의미를 갖는 단어 열을 찾아 범주를 부착하는 기술이다. 기존의 연구에서는 단어 단위나 음절 단위를 입력으로 사용하였다. 하지만 단어 단위의 경우 미등록어 처리가 어려우며 음절 단위의 경우 단어 고유의 의미가 희석되는 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 형태소 단위 개체명 인식기와 음절 단위 개체명 인식기를 앙상블하여 보정된 결과를 예측하는 개체명 인식기를 제안한다. 제안된 모델은 각각의 단일 입력 모델보다 향상된 F1-점수(0.8049)를 보였다.

• 한국어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.324-326
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• 2017

개체명 인식은 입력 문장에서 인명, 지명, 기관명, 날짜, 시간 등과 같은 고유한 의미를 갖는 단어 열을 찾아 범주를 부착하는 기술이다. 기존의 연구에서는 단어 단위나 음절 단위를 입력으로 사용하였다. 하지만 단어 단위의 경우 미등록어 처리가 어려우며 음절 단위의 경우 단어 고유의 의미가 희석되는 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 형태소 단위 개체명 인식기와 음절 단위 개체명 인식기를 앙상블하여 보정된 결과를 예측하는 개체명 인식기를 제안한다. 제안된 모델은 각각의 단일 입력 모델보다 향상된 F1-점수(0.8049)를 보였다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2020.10a
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• pp.333-336
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• 2020

개체명 인식이란 문장에서 인명, 지명, 기관명 등과 같이 고유한 의미를 갖는 단어를 찾아 개체명을 분류하는 작업이다. 딥러닝을 활용한 연구가 수행되면서 개체명 인식에 RNN(Recurrent Neural Network)과 CRF(Condition Random Fields)를 결합한 연구가 좋은 성능을 보이고 있다. 그러나 CRF는 시간 복잡도가 분류해야 하는 클래스(Class) 개수의 제곱에 비례하고, 최근 RNN과 Softmax 모델보다 낮은 성능을 보이는 연구도 있었다. 본 논문에서는 CRF의 단점을 보완한 LAN(Label Attention Network)와 사전 학습 언어 모델인 음절 단위 ELECTRA를 활용하는 개체명 인식 모델을 제안한다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.97-102
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• 2003

This study was carried out to understand the variation of bird community by eco-park development of urban stream, Yangjae stream, Seoul, from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 2001. After the development, slight change in the bird community happened; for example, the number of species increased(r²=0.729, p<0.05), but there was not any variation in the total number of birds(r²=0.050, p>0.05). Especially, the number of individuals in herons and ducks rose. We suggest that the change as caused by restoration of low revetment vegetation and artificial pond vegetation in flood plain. However, the number of sandpipers, plovers and wagtails inhabiting on the sands and gravels in stream fell down. It seems that it would be caused by construction of bicycle path on the flood plain. The number of songbirds was tended to go down to 2000, but increased in 2001. The decrease of songbirds might be attributed to irregular removals of bush. We suggested that riparian vegetation restoration and artificial ponds positively affected birds inhabitation, but bicycle path and irregular elimination of a bush negatively affected.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2009

The effects of artificial floating island on the changes in phytoplankton and zooplankton community structure were investigated monthly from September 2006 to May 2007 in Shingu reservoir. The total cell number of phytoplankton under the artificial floating island was three times less than those of control (without artificial floating island). The dominant species of phytoplankton were Lyngbya sp. on September, Cryptomonas sp. from October to January, Aulacoseira granulata on February and Oscillatoria sp. from March to May at lake water. Cyanophyta was dominated from February to March at lake water but it was dominated from March at artificial floating island area. The total individual number, species number of zooplankton and species diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton under the artificial floating island were higher than those of lake water.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2024

The population sparseness index(PSI) is being utilized to describe the functioning of internal layers in artificial neural networks from the perspective of neurons, shedding light on the black-box nature of the network's internal operations. There is research indicating a positive correlation between the PSI and performance in each layer of convolutional neural network models for image classification. In this study, we observed the internal operations of a convolutional neural network when adversarial examples were applied. The results of the experiments revealed a similar pattern of positive correlation for adversarial examples, which were modified to maintain 5% accuracy compared to applying benign data. Thus, while there may be differences in each adversarial attack, the observed PSI for adversarial examples demonstrated consistent positive correlations with benign data across layers.