Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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A Study on the Characteristics of Aquatic Insect Fauna in Differently Disrupted Ponds Located in Gungdaeoreum, Jeju

제주도 궁대오름 일대 교란정도가 다른 연못의 수서곤충 분포 특성에 관한 연구

  • Ko, Gyeong Hun (Jeju Nature Park) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Soon (Major of Plant Resources Science and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University)
  • 고경훈 (제주자연생태공원) ;
  • 김동순 (제주대학교 생명자원과학대학(SARI))
  • Received : 2020.08.07
  • Accepted : 2020.11.23
  • Published : 2020.12.01
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Abstract

This study was conducted to understand the distribution characteristics of aquatic insects in ecologically different ponds in terms of the disruption. We investigated the fauna of aquatic insects in three artificial ponds (pond 1, 2 and 3) and two natural ponds (pond 4 and 5) located within 1 km each other around Gungdaeoreum in Jeju Island, from March 2018 to June 2020. A total of 50 species belonging to 15 families were found in the surveyed ponds: total 850 individuals with 14 species in 4 families of the order Odonata, total 4,391 individuals with 14 species in 6 families of the order Hemiptera, and total 2,014 individuals with 22 species in 4 families of the order Coleoptera. In overall, total abundance and species numbers were relatively higher than those of artificial pond in natural ponds in which animal and plant ecosystems were well established. In the case of artificial ponds, the number of individuals and species recovered rapidly when reconstituted by introducing aquatic plants, etc. (Pond 1). The nymphs of Odonata were observed largely in ponds without natural enemies such as large fish, and where adults could freely access without interception by artificial structure. Phytophagous Corixidae of the order Hemiptera were abundant, and Haliplidae populations of the order Coleoptera were affected by the distribution of the plants. Accordingly, the major factors affecting aquatic insect abundance were identified as the presence of refuges such as the topography and aquatic plants and presence of predators. Species of the order, Odonata were vulnerable based on these factors. Our results can be useful as basic information for the restoration of wetlands and construction of artificial wetlands or for conservation of species diversity in the future.

본 연구는 교란 정도가 다른 정수역 연못에서 수서곤충 분포 특성을 이해하고자, 2018년 3월부터 2020년 6월까지 제주도 궁대오름 일대 3곳의 인공연못(연못 1, 2, 3)과 2곳의 자연연못(연못 4, 5)에서 조사를 진행하였다. 총 3목 15과 50종의 곤충이 확인되었으며, 잠자리목 4과 14종, 850 개체, 노린재목 6과 14종, 4,391 개체, 딱정벌레목 4과 22종, 2,014 개체가 확인되었다. 수서곤충의 개체수와 종의 수는 상대적으로 기존 동식물 생태계가 안정적으로 잘 조성된 자연연못에서 인공연못보다 높게 나타났다. 인공연못의 경우도 수초 등을 도입하여 재조성한 경우 개체 수와 종수가 회복되는 현상을 보였다(연못 1). 잠자리목 유충은 포식자인 대형 어류가 존재하지 않고 성충의 진입이 차단되지 않는 연못에서는 다수 발견되었다. 노린재목의 경우 식식성인 물벌레과의 곤충들이 전체적으로 많이 발견되었으며, 딱정벌레목은 식물생태계 분포에 따라 물진드기과의 개체수에 영향을 받았다. 이렇게 수서곤충상 변화에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 지형과 수생식물을 통한 은신처와 포식자의 존재가 가장 큰 것으로 파악되었으며, 잠자리목에서 가장 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 판단되었다. 본 결과는 향후 습지를 복원 및 인공 습지를 조성하거나 종 다양성 보전을 위한 기초 자료로 유용할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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