• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.337-349
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• 2008

Despite an improved bone reactions of Mg-incorporated implants in the animals, little yet has been carried out by the experimental investigations in functional loading conditions. This study investigated the clinical and histologic parameters of osseointegrated Mg-incorporated implants in delayed loading conditions. A total of 36 solid screw implants (diameter 3.75 mm, length 10mm) were placed in the mandibles of 6 beagle dogs. Test groups included 18 Mg-incorporated implants. Turned titanium Implants served as control. Gold crowns were inserted 3 months. Radiographic assessments and stabilitytests were performed at the time of fixture installation, $2^{nd}$ stage surgery, 1 and 3 months after loading. Histological observations and morphometrical measurements were also performed. Of 36 implants, 32 displayed no discernible mobility, corresponding to successful clinical function. There was no statistically significant difference between test implants and controls in marginal bone levels (p=0.413) and RFA values. The mean BIC % in the Mg-implants was $54.4{\pm}20.2%$. The mean BIC % in the turned implant was $48.9{\pm}8.0%$. These differences between the Mg-implant and control implant were not statistically significant (P=0.264). In the limitation of this study, bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area of Mg-incorporated oxidized implant were similar to machine-turned implant. The stability analysis showed no significantly different ISQ values and marginal bone loss between two groups. Considering time-dependent bone responses of Mg-implant, it seems that Mg-implants enhanced bone responses in early loading conditions and osseointegrated similarly to cp Ti implants in delayed loading conditions. However, further investigations are necessary to obtain long-term bone response of the Mg-implant in human.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.75-99
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• 2023

The current study aimed to explore the suicidal behaviors and risk factors of completed suicides using psychological autopsy and use them as index variables to classify suicidal types. In addition, this study looked into the influential factors that affect each suicidal type. related to suicidal behaviors and suicidal risk factors by psychological autopsy. In addiction, the distinctions among the classes were analyzed. For this, psychological autopsies were conducted on the families and the close ones of 128 completed suicides. Then, the index variables were finally chosen for classifying suicidal types. The selected index variables for suicidal risk factors were mental disorders, suicide/self-harm, significant changes in physical appearance, marital conflict, adjustment and relationship issues at work/school, unemployment/layoff, jobless status and serious financial problems. The selected index variables for suicidal behaviors were expressing their suicidal attempts, writing suicidal notes, asking for help, the time/place/method of suicidal behavior, past suicidal/self-harm experience and the first person who witnessed the suicide. The Latent Class Analysis(LCA) and the 3-step method were used for classifying suicidal types. Then external variables(financial changes, cohabitation, existence of stressors, changes in stress level or relationships and family members with mental disorder/alchohol problems/ physical disorders, and work/school stisfaction) were applied for distinguishing classes. As a result, 5 classes(financial problems, adjustment problems, complex problems, psychiatric problems, and response to event[s]) were revealed on suicidal behaviors and 3 classes(residence- suicidal attempt- found by family, nonresidence- nonsuicidal attempt- found by acquaintances, residence- nonsuicidal attempt- found by family) were presented on suicidal risk factors. External variables such as gender, marital status, cohabitation, changes in relationships significantly differentiated among the 3 classes. Especially, class 3(residence- nonsuicidal attempt- found by family) tended to cohabit with others, were married, and had a significantly high level of interpersonal conflicts. When comparing the 5 classes of suicidal risk factors, auxiliary variables such as economic changes, cohabitation, stress, relationship changes, and family-related problems, and school/work satisfaction significantly differentiated the 5 classes. Especially class 3 (complex problems) experienced comparatively less family-related problems, but showed an aggravating level of personal stress. Suicial prevention strategies should be provided considering the characteristics of each class and the influential factors.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.448-455
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• 1999

Background: Recent developments in techniques of video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS) and endoscopic equipment has expanded the application of video-assisted surgical procedures in the field of thoracic surgery. Especially, it will probably become the treatment of choice of spontaneous pneumothorax(SP). There is, however, a high recurrence rate, high cost, and paucity of long-term results. We report the results of postoperative follow-up and analyze perioperative parameters affected to recurrence, retrospectively. Material and Method: From march 1992 to march 1997, 276 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax underwent 292 VATS procedures. Conversion to open thoracotomy was necessitated in eight patients, and this patients excluded from the study. Result: The sex distribution was 249 males and 31 females. The mean age was 28.1 12.2 years(range, 15 to 69 years). Primary SP was 237cases(83.5%) and secondary SP was 47cases(16.5%). The major underlying lung diseases associated with secondary SP were tuberculosis 27cases(57.4%) and emphysema 8cases (38.3%). Operative indications included Ipsilateral recurrence 123(43.9%), persistent air-leak 53(18.9%), x-ray visible bleb 40(14.3%), tension 30(10.7%), contralateral recurrence 21(7.5%), uncomplicated first episode 8(2.9%), bilateral 3(1.1%), complicated episode 2(0.7%). Blebs were visualized in 247cases(87%) and 244cases(85.9%) performed stapled blebectomy. Early postoperative complications occurred in 33 cases(11.6%): 16 prolonged air-leak more than 5 days(four of them were required a second operation and found missed blebs); 5 bleeding; 5 empyema; 2 atelectasis; 1 wound infection. No deaths occured. The mean operative time was 52.8 23.1 minutes(range, 20 to 165 minutes). The mean d ration of chest tube drainage was 5.0 4.5 days(range, 2 to 37 days). The mean duration ofhospital stay was 8.2 5.5 days (range, 3 to 43days). At a mean follow-up 22.3 18.4 months(range, 1 to 65 months), 12 patients(4.2%) were lost to follow-up. There were 24 recurrences and seven patients underwent second operation and 6 patients(85.7%) were found the missed blebs. 12 perioperative parameters(age, sex, site, underlying disease, extent of collapse, operative indication, size of bleb, number of bleb, location of bleb, bleb management, pleural procedure, prolonged postoperative air-leak) were analyzed statistically to identify significant predictors of recurrence. The significant predictors of recurrence was the underlying disease[17.0%(8/47): 6.8%(16/237), p=0.038], prolonged postoperative air-leakage[37.5%(6/16): 6.7%(18/268), p=0.001], and pleural procedure [11.4%(19/167): 4.3%(5/117), p=0.034]. Blebectomy has less recurrence rate then non-blebectomy [8.2%(20/244) : 10.0%(4/40), p>0. 5]. However, this difference was not statistically significant(p=0.758). Conclusion: We conclude that it is important that we shoud careful finding of bleb during VATS due to reducing of recurrnece, and cases of no bleb identified and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax were indicated of pleurodectomy. VATS is a valid alternative to open procedure for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax with less pain, shorter hospital stay, more rapid return to work, high patient acceptance, less scar and exellent cosmetics. But, there is high recurrence rate and high cost, and than it is necessary to evaluate of long-term results for recurrence and to observate carefully during VATS.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.56-63
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• 1999

In power system, substation facilities have become too complex and large according to extended power system. Also, some facilities becorre old and often break down unexpectedly. In order to improve the sectrity of transformer out of substation facilities, the development of diagnosis technique to transformer is very needed. In this paper, we developed a method to be analysis the origin and degree of aging by KSOM based on the dissolved gases in power transfonrer. KSOM can do topological mapping for the multi-dimensional pattern based on the dissolved gases to two dimensional plane. And potential possibility and degree of aging for nonna1 transfonrer are presented using the proposed quantitative criterion. Furtherrrore, the aging process of transfonrer is analyzed based on the proposed criterion to special transfonrer. To demonstrate the validity of peoposed method, case study is performed and its results are presented.sented.

• Survey Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.75-101
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• 2005

This study introduces and analyzes the data from Directory of Korean NGOs, which was published in 1997 and again in 200, to conduct a quantitative research on the growth of civic organization in South Korea. This paper focus on the information on membership size and founding year which are essential indicators for the growth of organizations. Missing rates on those two indicators are checked to evaluate the quality of data. We examine the changes in membership size between the two time periods, 1996 and 1999. It shows that there is a considerable decrease in the membership size for civic and advocary organizations that are oriented to national issues. It suggests the competition among the organizations over limited resources, which is consistent with an assumption of ecological theory of organization on non-linear growth pattern. Using founding year data from 1945 to 1996, we estimate pseudo growth curves of civic organizations based on logistic growth curve model to discuss different growth patterns of organizations across areas of activities.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2002

To analyze proteins related to antifungal activity, SAR01 strain was isolated from seaweed and identified as Streptomyces sp. from the result of FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) analysis. The isolated strain had antifungal activities against T species of plant pathogenic fungi. Antifungal activity deficient mutant (SAR 535) of Streptomyces sp. SAR01 was induced by gamma radiation $(^{60}Co,\;5kGy)$. By 2 D electrophoresis analysis, 6 protein spots were found in wild strain (SAR01) but these spots disappeared in mutant strain (SAR535). Among them, 5 proteins showed similarities to heat shock protein 70(HSP70), Fe-containing superoxide dismutase II (Fe- SODII), ribosome recycling factor (RRF), 10 kDa chnperonin (GroES) and inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPAse), respectively. It suggested that the above 6 proteins could be closely related to the antifungal activity of Streptomyces sp. SAR01.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.126-130
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• 2013

The sodium (Na) and moisture ($H_2O$) gettering phenomena were measured and analyzed in PSG/$SiO_2$ passivated Al-1%Si thin film interconnections. PSG/$SiO_2$ passivation and Al-1%Si thin films were deposited by using APCVD (atmosphere pressure chemical vapor deposition) and DC magnetron sputter techniques, respectively. SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry) depth profiling analysis was used to determine the distribution of sodium and moisture throughout the PSG/$SiO_2$ passivated Al-1%Si thin film interconnections. Both sodium and moisture peaks were observed strongly at the interfaces between layers rather than within the Al-1%Si thin film interconnections. Sodium peaks were observed at the interface between PSG and $SiO_2$ passivations, while moisture peaks were not observed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1399-1404
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• 2015

This paper analyzed the phenomenon of drain induced barrier lowering(DIBL) for the ratio of channel length vs. thickness of asymmetric double gate(DG) MOSFET. DIBL, the important secondary effect, is occurred for short channel MOSFET in which drain voltage influences on potential barrier height of source, and significantly affects on transistor characteristics such as threshold voltage movement. The series potential distribution is derived from Poisson's equation to analyze DIBL, and threshold voltage is defined by top gate voltage of asymmetric DGMOSFET in case the off current is 10^-7 A/m. Since asymmetric DGMOSFET has the advantage that channel length and channel thickness can significantly minimize, and short channel effects reduce, DIBL is investigated for the ratio of channel length vs. thickness in this study. As a results, DIBL is greatly influenced by the ratio of channel length vs. thickness. We also know DIBL is greatly changed for bottom gate voltage, top/bottom gate oxide thickness and channel doping concentration.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.177-184
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• 1997

1. The human body is the unification related to the powerful fascial network, I think. 2. Myofascial not only prevent and support the human body structure curdling but also keep the physical balance by dispersing traumatization properly. 3. Myofascial restriction will be developed into muscle deficiency and cause pains without releasing the muscle tension and the spasm. 4. Myofascial restriction affect and change the physical posture by losing the muscle elasticity and flexibility and by losing muscle supporting ability from gravitation. 5. The partial myofascial restriction affect the muscle and the adjoining joint supporting gravitation and cause the unbalance of the entire body.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6208-6214
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• 2012

The most essential but missing components to understand and use toxic substances from marine microalgae are developing the fast, easy and economical determining technology for detecting it. In this paper we produced the antibodies against saxitoxin (STX). Mariculture keyhole limpet hemocyanin (mcKLH) and ovalbumin (OVA) were used as carrier proteins. mcKLH-STX conjugates were injected into the peritonial cavity of BALB/c mouse for immunization. After bleeding from mouse, anti-STX antiserum was isolated. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was performed to determine antiserum titer using the microtiter plate coated with free STX and OVA-STX. A goat anti-mouse IgG-phosphatase conjugate was used as secondary antibody to enable chromogenic reaction. Reactions of anti-STX antiserum were very specific on the OVA-STX and free STX. Sensitivity of anti-STX antiserum on STX was very high and STX detection limit was to be 64.9 ng/kg for indirect ELISA.