• Landscaping Tree
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• s.107
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• pp.18-20
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• 2008

일본이 원산지이며 제주도에서는 과수로 그리고 내륙의 도심지에서는 실내 정원수, 분재 등으로 인기가 매우 높다. 6월에 흰색의 꽃을 피우며 길이는 2cm로 짙은 향기가 있다. 9월에 구형의 열매가 녹색을 띠며 10월에는 황색의 열매가 우리의 마음을 안정하게 해준다. 귤은 꽃, 설익은 녹색 열매, 질 익은 황색 열매 모두가 짙은 향기를 가지고 있어 인기가 높다. 특히 늦은 겨울에도 열매를 볼 수 있어 적막한 도시민의 정서에 도움을 주는 과수이다. 이러한 귤을 가해하는 해충으로 깍지벌레류와 진딧물류의 피해가 심하며 이들에 대한 생태 및 방제법을 간략하게 소개하고자 한다.

• 건강소식
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.26-27
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• 2011

중국의 옛 이야기에 조조가 비파나무열매를 아껴 그 수를 헤아린 후 보초를 세워 지켰는데, 한 병사가 몰래 따먹었다고 한다. 돌아와서 비파의 열매 수가 모자람을 안 조조는 "나무가 여러 불화의 원인이 되니 베어버리라'고 말했다. 열매를 따먹은 병사는 "맛있는 열매가 달리는 나무를 왜 아깝게 베어 버립니까"라고 한마디를 했다. 그러자 조조는 이내 그 병사가 범인임을 알고 죄를 내렸다는 이야기가 있다. 말을 아끼라는 교훈이 비파나무의 맛있는 열매 속에 담겨 있다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.334-340
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• 2009

In other to know the feeding preference over the degree of ripeness and size of fruits in birds, we gave them to three bird species in breeding condition, counted and analyzed the number of fruits by correspondence ordination technique. Chrysolophus pictus did not show a distinct preference in respect to degree of maturity or size of fruits of among three tree species. Columba rupestris preferred un-ripen fruits over ripen ones of Prunus yedoensis or Elaeagnus multiflora, but did not choose selectively in case of fruits of Malus sieboldii. Pavo muticus showed the reverse favorable pattern of Columba rupestris. Total feeding amounts eaten by birds were dependent on the initial feeding amounts of fruits. These results indicated that in feeding activity some birds chose differently in terms of species or maturity of fruits, but not in fruit size.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.2
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• pp.193-197
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• 2015

To develop superior cultivars for edible or medicinal purposes, we investigated morphological characteristics and total anthocynin contents for the fruit of 24 individuals from 4 populations in Korea. ANOVA analysis showed significant differences among populations and among individuals within population in all characteristics. The mean characteristics of the species were 8.2 mm, 7.8 mm, 0.4 g, 11.7 Brix., 7.7 ea and 474.4 mg/100 g in the fruit width, fruit length, fruit weight, soluble solids contents, number of fruit per punch and total anthocyanin contents, respectively. Especially, total anthocyanin contents (474.4 mg/100 g) of V. oldhamii showed 1.9 times higher than that of American blueberry (237.3 mg/100 g) using as control. Consequently, the investigation suggests that V. oldhamii fruits can be used to develop the functional cultivars with enhanced health benefits by the selection breeding. Selection effect with outstanding candidate trees including superior 3 individual trees was estimated at 129.6%, 109.5% and 140.5% in fruit weight, number of fruit per punch and total anthocyanin content, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.711-717
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• 2016

Opuntia humifusa fruits were investigated. The length of minor and major axis, and weight of O. ficus-indica and O. humifusa fruits were compared as the morphological features. The characteristics of components such as color, moisture, crude protein, ash, fat, dietary fiber, mineral, and amino acids were evaluated. The values of O. ficus-indica fruits were higher than those of O. humifusa fruits in each morphological feature such as minor axis, major axis, and weight. According to the Hunter color index results, O. humifusa fruits showed higher values of L (lightness) and b (yellowness), whereas O. ficus-indica fruits showed higher value of a (redness). The ${\Delta}E$ value between two samples was 19.80. The O. ficus-indica fruits had higher carbohydrate content and lower content of crude ash than those of O. humifusa fruits. Both samples showed very high dietary fiber contents, and the major minerals were K and Ca. Glutamic acid was the major amino acids in both samples. In free amino acids contents, O. ficus-indica had higher tyrosine and lower glutamic acid level than those of O. humifusa fruits. ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid was found in both samples, whereas taurine was found in O. ficus-indica fruits only. Taken together, the morphological features and chemical quality of O. ficus-indica and O. humifusa fruits showed difference although both of them were originated from the same genus.

• Landscaping Tree
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• s.114
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• pp.25-27
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• 2010

남천(Nandina domestica)은 중국이 원산지이며 매자나무과에 속하며 우리나라 남부지역에서 관상수로 많이 식재되며 애호가들에게 인기가 많은 수종이다. 특히 가을에 붉게 물든 잎이 겨울까지도 붉은 색을 그대로 간직하여 겨우내 잎 없이 삭막한 겨울을 나는 여러 활엽수와는 달리 아름다움 자태를 가진 나무라 할 수 있다. 그리고 겨울에는 송이송이 달려있는 붉은 열매가 아름다운 정원이나 공원 등지에 군식(群植)하여 악센트식재, 차폐식재, 경계식재용으로 많은 사랑을 받고 있다. 열매와 줄기는 약재로 사용되며, 열매가 황색으로 익는 것은 노랑남천(var. leucocarpa)이라고 한다. 요즘에는 다채로운 원예종으로 개발되고 있기도 하다. 이처럼 우리의 사랑을 받고 있는 남천에 피해를 주는 몇몇 해충 종에 대해서 생태 및 방제법을 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the variation of fruit and seed morphology among populations and among individuals within population of Sorbus commixta Hedl. distributed in Korea. Fruits collected from 42 trees in six natural populations and their six fruit and four seed characteristics were analyzed. In all characteristics, there were significant differences among populations and among individuals within populations. Especially, number of fruits per fruit-bearing branch and number of seeds per fruit showed higher values among populations in total variance component. Coefficients of variation in the number of fruits per fruit-bearing branch and seed weight are relatively high (42.0~75.3%) compared to other traits (11.9~32.1%). As a result of simple correlation analysis, the number of fruits per fruit-bearing branch showed a significant positive correlation with latitude but showed a negative correlation with longitude. According to cluster analysis, geographically close populations showed the tendency of clustering into the same group. Three principal components (PC) were deduced from principal component analysis, which explain the 87% of total variance of fruit and seed characteristics. The highest contribution was seed length and seed weight in PC1, fruit width and seed index in PC2 and fruit length and number of fruits per fruit-bearing branch in PC3.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1988

Omija tea with a pH range of 2.8~3.0 was stored at $25^{\circ}C$ to study its spoilage due to microbial growth. Titratable acidity was increasing during the storage period in the tea stored with the Omija fruits but not in removed of the fruits after extraction. Microbial cells began to show up earlier in the tea without the fruits than that with the fruits. Four strains of yeasts and a strain of mold were isolated from spoiled Omija tea. Morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics of yeasts were investigated and the yeasts were identified as Rhodotorula rubra, Saccharomyces kluyveri, Cryptococcus hungaricus and Candida humicola. Morphological characteristics of the isolated mold was observed and the mold was identified as Mucor circinelloides f. janssenii.

• Landscaping Tree
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• s.112
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• pp.15-19
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• 2009

어느 정도 연륜이 있는 분이라면 어릴 적 친구들과 함께 보리수나무의 붉은 열매를 맛있게 따먹던 추억을 간직하고 있을 것이다. 물론 덜 익은 열매를 서둘러 따먹어 떫은맛을 오랫동안 기억하시는 분들도 계시겠지만... 이렇게 우리나라에서도 보리수나무를 오래 전부터 식용의 목적으로 집 주변에 심어놓기는 하였지만 관상용으로는 그다지 많이 이용되지 않았다. 하지만 외국에서는 맛있는 열매 뿐 만 아니라 관상적인 가치를 높이기 위해 잎의 다양한 무늬종들을 선발하여 조경용 소재로 이용하고 있어 이에 소개하고자 한다.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.967-972
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• 2011

The methanolic product of assai(Euterpe oleracea Mart) scavenged the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and prevented lipid peroxidation. The radical-scavenging activity of assai palm methanolic extract protected the viability of peritoneal macrophage cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$). Furthermore, the extract reduced the apoptotic-cell formation induced by $H_2O_2$, as demonstrated by the decrease in the number of hypodiploid cells and in the apoptotic-cell body formation. These results indicate that assai palm methanolic extract has radical-scavenging activity and ameliorates $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity.