• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2008

We propose a stylized facial illustration method that expresses important features of a target highly abstractly but effectively from a human facial picture. Our method first detects facial components such as eyes and their associated regions from an input image, and then uses the detected results to render a stylized portrait. Our illustration method mainly consists of two key components and additional components: a tonal illustration component to draw simple tones, a line illustration component to draw a set of lines, and additional illustration components for hair, clothes. etc. The illustration part of the proposed method aims at illustrating features of a target effectively in a highly abstracted way like hand-drawn paintings. In order to achieve this goal, our method adopts an oriental black-ink painting style, which expresses objects effectively with empty spaces and simple expressions such as abstracted lines.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.802-816
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• 2010

To create gesture from a new text input is an important problem in computer games and virtual reality. Recently, there is increasing interest in gesture stylization to imitate the gestures of celebrities, such as announcer. However, no attempt has been made so far to stylize a gestures using emotion such as happiness and sadness. Previous researches have not focused on real-time algorithm. In this paper, we present a system to automatically make gesture animation from SMS text and stylize the gesture from emotion. A key feature of this system is a real-time algorithm to combine gestures with emotion. Because the system's platform is a mobile phone, we distribute much works on the server and client. Therefore, the system guarantees real-time performance of 15 or more frames per second. At first, we extract words to express feelings and its corresponding gesture from Disney video and model the gesture statistically. And then, we introduce the theory of Laban Movement Analysis to combine gesture and emotion. In order to evaluate our system, we analyze user survey responses.

• Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.25-29
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• 2013

• Review of Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.33-38
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• 2008

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.665-682
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• 2007

Line drawing is a widely used style in non-photorealistic rendering because it generates expressive descriptions of object shapes with a set of strokes. Although various techniques for line drawing of 3D objects have been developed, line drawing of 2D images has attracted little attention despite interesting applications, such as image stylization. This paper presents a robust and effective technique for generating line drawings from 2D images. The algorithm consists of three parts; filtering, linking, and stylization. In the filtering process, it constructs a likelihood function that estimates possible positions of lines in an image. In the linking process, line strokes are extracted from the likelihood function using clustering and graph search algorithms. In the stylization process, it generates various kinds of line drawings by applying curve fitting and texture mapping to the extracted line strokes. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique can be applied to the various kinds of line drawings from 2D images with detail control.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.06b
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• pp.199-202
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 주어진 영상을 필터링하여 영상의 스타일을 제거하는 방법을 제시한다. 스타일이 제거된 영상은 영상 분류, 특징점 인식, 영상 분할 등의 다양한 용도에 쓰일 수 있다. 또한 원래 영상과 스타일이 제거된 영상을 비교하여 영상의 스타일을 유추할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위해 주어진 영상에서 스타일 벡터를 계산한 후 계산된 스타일 벡터를 이용하여 영상에 양방향 필터링을 적용한다. 이 때 영상의 경계 부분에서 스타일을 효과적으로 분리하는 방법과 다중 해상 처리 방법을 적용하여 다양한 크기와 방향의 스타일을 찾아낸다. 그 결과 주어진 영상에서 다양한 크기와 방향의 스타일을 제거하고 영상의 중요한 내용만을 효과적으로 나타낸다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.153-160
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• 2005

It is within bounds to say that the mood expressed in the Scenes of 3D Animation influences by mostly setting up of 3D CG lighting. Tn the context of CG, lighting is the process of illuminating digital scenes in an artistic and technical manner so the audience can perceive what the director intends to display on the screen with the appropriate clarity and mood. The lighting has the role of making the scenes beautiful and harmonious as an aesthetics of light and color created and controlled by people. It can be also stylized in symbolic and metaphorical methods environmental mood which we pursue to expose and story which we want to express. It thus appears that the concept of lighting style is intimately related to the particular context and art direction of animation film. But unfortunately, there are no foolproof formulas to the process of lighting a scene. In short, the lighting contributes to define the style of the scene as a conditional lighting setups' elements including position, color, intensity, shadow's area and scope. But at the same time, we must not overlook the artistic aspects that the lighting might suggest over all moods the animation genre and the style of scene like tranquility, suspense, and high-drama.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.110-125
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• 2010

We present a novel scheme for generating line drawings from 2D images, aiming to facilitate effective visual communication. In contrast to conventional edge detectors, our technique imitates the human line drawing process to generate lines effectively and intuitively. Our technique consists of three parts: line extraction, line rendering, and user guidance. In line extraction, we extract lines by estimating a likelihood function to effectively find the genuine shape boundaries. In line rendering, we consider the feature scale and the blurriness of lines with which the detail and the focus-level of lines are controlled. We also employ stroke textures to provide a variety of illustration styles. User guidance is allowed to modify the shapes and positions of lines interactively, where immediate response is provided by GPU implementation of most line extraction operations. Experimental results demonstrate that our technique generates various kinds of line drawings from 2D images enabled by the control over detail, focus, and style.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.977-985
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to present a non-photorealistic rendering technique that is efficient in single images and moving images. In case of single images, they could be processed in a real-time base by realizing flow-based DoG filter and bilateral filter, which have been frequently used in the single image NPR technique recently, in the CUDA environment. In case of moving images, the investigator presented not the existing method of NPR moving images which generating images by applying the single image NPR technique to every frame, but the method of using the single image NPR technique in the first frame and stylizing it, and then of using the motion vector-based pixel mapping in the second frame on and copying the bright values of pixels that move on the frame into the location of next frame's motion vector, thus reducing unnecessary volume of calculation and maintaining the consistency between frames. In this study, the performance of this method was proved via an experiment.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.109-118
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• 1999

In the respect of automobile history, the tendency to the development of automobiles for the latest 100 years has been leaded by technical performances. Especially, with the rapid growth of the newest electronic industry, the technical know-hows of automobiles improved in short terms have brought about outstanding results. The differences of the technical know-hows are little between some of the famous automobile manufacturing industries and the rising. So, now, the automobile design became a basis in selecting a car. The latest tendency to automobile style in accordance with the improvement of a universal life quality has been changed to a characteristic design meeting various needs of customers. RV, UV, MPV(and so forth ) meeting their needs made an appearance, or a characteristic model derived from them respectively appeared. We tried to study a new mini SUV-typed-concepcar design with a touch of the next concept. The whole design process from our researches to the end hard model was performed at the Design Center, Daewoo Automobile, based on the automobile design processes. Especially, We styled an automobile concept as inexpensive, characteristic, new one to have a car easily at the young and made an analysis of customers' responses for referring to this study in generating the next SUV-typed-automobile.