• The Mathematical Education
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.15-37
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated the application of oriental history of mathematics in school mathematics teaching. We set up three study problems to achieve this purpose. First, we analyze the middle and high school mathematics textbooks and auxiliary books. Second, we survey the mathematics teacher's knowledge and degree of application on history of mathematics. Third, we develop the teaching and learning materials on oriental history of mathematics. We performed three study-methods to settle above study problem. First, we analyzed 24 textbooks and auxiliary books for study problem 1. There were 6 middle school mathematics textbooks and 6 auxiliary books and also 6 high school mathematics textbooks and 6 auxiliary books. We categorized the contents into "anecdote", "systematization", "application of problem", "expansibility of thought", and "comparative of the contents". Second, we surveyed the 78 mathematics teachers's knowledge and degree of application using questionnaire about knowledge and application on history of mathematics. The questionnaire was made up of four types of question; the effect of material about history of mathematics, the understanding of western history of mathematics, the understanding of oriental history of mathematics; the direction of development of teaching material. Third, we exemplified the teaching and learning materials about three categories: "anecdote", "comparative of the contents".

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.187-206
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• 2009

On this study, the historical flow of the notation was briefly examined and the direction of mathematical investigation activity of the content of notation by analogy was explored and teaching learning materials were developed. Diverse mathematical facts were investigated on the basis of decimal system and binary system which are learned in middle school. First, the way of progressing analytic activity with algebraic material was examined. Second, on the basis of the notation which are learned in the first grade of middle school, the definition of the scale of a -notation, -a -notation, $\frac{1}{a}$notation, $\sqrt{a}$-notation was extended by analogy. The result of this study will be expected to establish the curriculum of mathematics and provide teaching and learning with the meaningful current events.

• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.159-177
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• 2013

This study is a case study of STEAM education. We have developed teaching and learning materials, suggested teaching method, and analysed the result for exploring the potential and effect of STEAM. The content of this study is based on the history of mathematics. Science (S) is related to the 24 divisions of the year, the height of the sun, the movement of heavenly bodies. Technology (T) is related to the exploration with graphic calculators. Engineering (E) is related to design sundial and research on the design principles. Art (A) is related to literature review about mathematical history, the understanding of the value of the mathematics. Mathematics (M) is related to the trigonometric functions. We have considered that Project-Based Learning is proper teaching and learning for STEAM education, we have designed the STEAM PBL and analysed the results focused on the developing integrative knowledge, mathematical attitude including mathematical value, the competencies of 21 century. The result of this study is as follows. We find that STEAM education activates students' collaboration, communication skills and improves representation and critical thinking skills. Also STEAM education makes positive changes of students' mathematical attitudes including the values of the mathematics.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.499-512
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• 2014

Architecture is usually seen as a product of art and technology. However, most historical buildings also exemplify various sophisticated principles of mathematics. Outstanding examples of architecture around the world such as Seokguram, Daewoongjun of Bulguksa, Muryangsujeon of Buseoksa, and the Parthenon provide students with a great opportunity to study their underlying mathematical properties and principles. The activity of identifying and investigating such mathematical principles in historical buildings enables students to realize that mathematics is a practical subject, and thus provides justification for the study and importance of mathematics. For the purpose of this study historical architecture was reviewed with this in mind in order to develop STEAM education materials focused on elementary school mathematics. The result of this study is as follows: first of all, appropriate examples of historical architecture were selected on the basis of the 2009 revised curriculum's content and teaching goals. These involved chapters on 'proportion', 'symmetry', 'movement of figures', 'building blocks', and 'triangles'. Secondly, a meta-analysis was performed on the historical buildings that clearly illustrate mathematical principles. Thirdly, STEAM education materials focused on elementary mathematics using architectural examples were developed which made actual application in classrooms possible. And lastly, surveys of professional groups were conducted to verify whether the produced materials were suitable teaching resources.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.115-134
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• 2002

The increasing use of computers in mathematics and in mathematics education is strongly reflected in the teaching on Euclid geometry, in particular in the use of dynamic graphics software. This development has raised questions about the role of analytic proof in school geometry. One can sometimes find a proof which is rather more explanatory than the one commonly used. Because we, math educators are concerned with tile explanatory power of the proofs, as opposed to mere verification, we should devise ways to use dynamic software in the use of explanatory proofs.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.119-141
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• 2011

This paper analysed the mathematical paradoxes which would be based in the probability and statistics. Teachers need to endeavor various data in order to lead student's interest. This paper says mathematical paradoxes in mathematics education makes student have interest and concern when they study mathematics. So, teachers will recognize the need and efficiency of class for using mathematical Paradoxes, students will be promoted to study mathematics by having interest and concern. These study can show the value of paradoxes in the concept of probability and statistics, and illuminate the concept being taught in classroom. Consequently, mathematical paradoxes in mathematics education can be used efficient studying tool.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.117-132
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• 2006

For a meaningful learning of the Construction Unit in 7-B Grade, this study aims to develop teaming materials on the basis of Clairaut's $El{\`{e}}ments$ de $G{\`{e}}om{\`{e}}trie$, which is grounded on a natural generation derived from the history of mathematics and emphasizes students' inquiry activity and reflective thinking activity, and to analyze the characteristics of learning process shown in classes which use the application of teaming materials. Six students were sampled by gender and performance and an interpretive case study was conducted. Construction was specified so as to be consciously executed with emphasis on an analysis to enable one to discover construction techniques for oneself from a standpoint of problem solving, a justification to reveal the validity of construction, and a step of reflection to generalize the results of construction.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.109-120
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• 2004

This study investigated three pre-service teachers' mathematical problem solving among hand-in-write-ups and final projects for each subject. All participants' activities and computer explorations were observed and video taped. If it was possible, an open-ended individual interview was performed before, during, and after each exploration. The method of data collection was observation, interviewing, field notes, students' written assignments, computer works, and audio and videotapes of pre- service teachers' mathematical problem solving activities. At the beginning of the mathematical problem solving activities, all participants did not have strong procedural and conceptual knowledge of the graph, making a model by using data, and general concept of a sine function, but they built strong procedural and conceptual knowledge and connected them appropriately through mathematical problem solving activities by using the computer technology.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.567-580
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• 2013

As integrated essay writing is performed in university entrance examinations, teachers and students recognize the importance of integrated essay, but teachers have still difficulties of teaching methods. The purpose of this study is to derive educational implications through case of mathematics instruction for integrated essay education to pre-service mathematics teachers. The content knowledge of this class is a definition of conic section in mathematics and properties of conic section in an antenna reflector. The students have to discover them using the history of math, manipulative material, paper-folding and computer simulation. In this teaching and learning process the students can realize mathematical knowledge invented by humans through history of mathematics. The students can evaluate the validity of that as create and justify a mathematical proposition. Also, the students can explain the relation between them logically and descript cause or basis convincingly in the process of justifying. We should keep our study to instructional materials and teaching methods in integrated essay education.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1412-1416
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• 2009

최근의 극심한 기상이변으로 인하여 발생되는 이상호우의 예측에 관한 사항은 치수 이수는 물론 방재의 측면에서도 역시 매우 중요한 관심사로 부각되고 있다. 강우를 예측하기 위해 많은 방법들이 사용되고 있으나 강우의 메커니즘은 매우 복잡하여 수문순환과정에서 가장 예측하기 힘든 요소이며, 추계학적 예측모형이나 확정론적 예측모형 모두에 있어 상당한 불확실성을 내포하고 있다. 기상예측모형 등을 이용하여 강우예측에 대한 정도를 높여가고는 있으나 많은 수문학적 모형에서 요구하는 시공간적으로 정도가 높은 강우를 예측하기에는 힘들다. 인공신경망은 과거자료의 입 출력 패턴에서 정보를 추출하여 지식으로 보유하고, 이를 근거로 새로운 상황에 대한 해답을 제시하도록 하는 인공지능분야의 학습기법으로 인간이 과거의 경험과 훈련으로 지식을 축적하듯이 시스템의 입 출력에 의하여 연결강도를 최적화함으로서 모형의 구조를 스스로 조직화하기 때문에 모형의 구조에 적합한 최적 매개변수를 추정할 수 있다. 따라서 정확한 예측이 어려운 강우사상을 과거의 자료로부터 신경망의 수학적 알고리즘을 통해 강우의 예측에 적용할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 인공신경망의 기법 중 오류 역전파 알고리즘을 통하여 과거의 강우사상들을 입 출력 자료로 이용하여 인공신경망을 학습시켜 강우의 예측에 대한 정도를 높이도록 하였다.