• 제목/요약/키워드: 수월관음도

검색결과 5건 처리시간 0.02초

고려후기 수월관음도 복식에 표현된 선의 유형과 조형특성 (The Types and Formative Characteristics of Seon Represented of Costume in Water-moon Avalokitesvara of the late Koryo Dynasty)

  • 옥명선;박옥련
    • 복식
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    • 제56권1호
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    • pp.70-80
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate types and formative characteristics of 'Seon' represented of costume in Water-moon Avalokitesvara of the late Koryo Dynasty. The results were as follows; 'Seon' has two main types, Standard and Decoration types. In the former type, Seon has not any decoration. While, in the latter, Seon is added with decorations. Here, Seon of decoration type can be reclassified into two types, same color and pattern and different color and pattern. Seon most appeared in the Water-moon Avalokitesvara had the type of Decoration, especially different color and pattern. Patterns used for Seon were complex in its composition type and filling in its arrangement style. Seon was mainly used to Guneui(裙衣) and Samkaksika(僧脚崎). For the color combination of Seon, the combination of similar colors was most often used and that of same color was somewhat frequently done. Regarding costumes aesthetic characteristics in accordance with the type of Seon, those costumes appeared natural and elegant when their Seon was Standard in type, natural and brilliant when same color and pattern in type and artificial and brilliant when different color and pattern.

가평 현등사 수월관음도의 안료분석 및 보존방법 (Pigment Analysis and Conservation Method of Avalokitesvara in Potalaka of Hyeondeungsa, Gapyeong)

  • 서정호;차병갑;정희수
    • 보존과학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.223-229
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    • 2011
  • 불화 문화재는 재료의 특성과 환경적 요인에 의한 색의 변화와 박락현상을 피할 수 없다. 특히 안료 표면에 발생하는 미세한 균열과 탈색 현상의 시작은 곧바로 유물 전체의 안정성이 현저히 급감하는 것으로서, 각별한 조치가 필요하다. 따라서 이 연구는 가평 현등사 수월관음도(경기도무형문화재 제198호)의 보존처리에 관한 것이며 유물 손상 부위를 보존처리하고 안정화시키기 위해 배접과 색맞춤을 실시하고, 안료의 과학적 분석을 수행하였다. XRF, 영상 현미경, FT-IR(자외선 분광 분석법)를 통한 비파괴 분석을 실시하여 유물에 사용한 한지의 재질과 안료의 성분 및 그 특성에 대해 조사하였다. 그 결과 현등사 수월관음도의 한지에서는 우리나라 전통 한지와 일치하는 FT-IR 스펙트럼이 검출되었고, 백색 안료위에 엷은 층을 이루고 있는 흑색 안료는 XRF와 FT-IR로 확인되지 않는 먹이나 그을음 등의 탄소화합물로 추정할 수 있었다. 또한 백색 안료는 Pb와 탄산염을 포함하는 연백($PbCO_3{\cdot}Pb(OH)_2$)이며, 현미경 관찰을 통해 청색 안료의 결정 상태를 확인한 결과 크고 작은 입자 분포를 보였다. XRF 분석 값은 Cu와 Pb 모두 높게 검출된 것으로 보아 청색의 경우 석청과 연백이 혼합되어 사용된 것을 알 수 있었다.

조선 말기 괘불(掛佛)의 새로운 도상(圖像) 전개 (The evolvement of new composition of painting in Gwaebul (Buddhist Ceremonial Painting) at late Joseon dynasty)

  • 이은희
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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    • 제38권
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    • pp.223-284
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    • 2005
  • 조선시대 말기인 1885년에서 1926년에 조성된 괘불은 18점이 현존하고 있는데, 그 중 12점이 서울 경기지역 사찰에 소장되어 있다. 조선 초기의 능침사찰(陵寢寺刹)과 원찰(願刹)은 왕실의 후원을 받았으나 태종의 오교양종(五敎兩宗)의 혁파로 인해 불교의례의 규모가 축소되면서 사찰도 피폐해졌다. 그러나 18세기 말부터 다시 왕실과의 밀접한 관계를 유지하면서 존속해온 사찰은 다시 번창하게 되었다. 국내 외의 사회적인 혼란했던 이 시기는 국가 및 왕실의 안녕을 빌고 망자(亡者)의 극락왕생을 위한 대중적인 사상이 괘불에서는 새로운 경향으로 나타나게 되는 것이다. 괘불에 보이는 새로운 도상은 1853년 남호당 영기(南湖堂 永奇)(1820~1872)가 삼각산 내원암에서 판각 간행한 ${\ll}$아미타요해경(阿彌陀要解經)${\gg}$ 권수 판화에 그려진 아미타삼존도로부터 시작된다. 고려 말에 유행한 수월관음도의 재등장은 망자추선(亡者追善)과 제난구제(諸難救濟)의 역할과 허응당 보우의 〈수월도장공화불사여환빈주몽중문답(水月道場空華佛事如幻賓主夢中問答)〉이라는 도량의식의 '수월도양공화불사(水月道揚空華佛事)'의 허상과 망상이라는 도량의식, 극락세계에 왕생하기를 기원하는 만일회의 성행 등이 괘불 도상과 연관되면서 새로운 도상 출현은 조선 말기 괘불에 새로운 이슈로 나타난다는 점이 주목된다. 괘불의 화풍도 진하고 탁하고 채색과 음영법, 초본을 여러 번 활용한 동일한 도상에서 중앙집권적화된 화사계보를 형성하고 있다는 것도 이 시기의 특색이라 할 수 있다.

고려시대 수월관음도의 의상에 나타난 문양연구 (A Study on Dress Pattern in SU WOL KWAN EUM DO of Koryo Dynasty)

  • 박옥련
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.111-122
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    • 1992
  • Studying the dress style of the Buddhist Goddess of Mercy SU WOL KWAN EUM DO (Drawings on the Buddhist Goddess of Mercy who is watching the Moon reflected in the still water), it is composed of a splendid, jewel crown with five colors, a light and flimsy, non-colored veil with many kinds of gold·plated patterns. This gold·plated carapace figures on a scarlet ground are drawn on the veil and the oval-type flower figures mixed with a scarlet lotus blossom ard arranged. An arabesque pattern of BOSANGHWA (an imaginary, Buddhistic flower figure) is mainly used for both line decorations and necklace. Like this, various kinds and types of figures are in harmony in spite of many changes in figure design. The SU WOL KWAN EUM DO in Koryo dynasty is full of colorful, subtle, harmonious figures which are unique style, which cannot be found in japan, China, and so on. In other words, most of most of dress patterns which are shown in SU WOL KWAN EUM DO are China ink paintings with mountains and waters as its setting. In case of color painting, figure designs are seldom used. The dress pattern in SU WOL KWAN EUM DO of koryo dynasty is characteristic of its variety and magnificent colors.

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정병 받침그릇(淨甁 承盤) 살핌 -고려불화(佛畵)-수월관음그림(水月觀音圖)으로 - (A Study on the "Holing-Bowl(받침그릇, 承盤) for the Jung-Byoung(정병, 淨甁)" or The Sacred Water-pot)

  • 강순형
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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    • 제34권
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    • pp.124-136
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    • 2001
  • Among many different types of wares, we have amazing Sacred Water-pot(따르개, 注子) from Goryo-period(고리, 高麗, 918-1392). The stylistic peculiarity of Jung-Byoung(정병, 淨甁) is described in "Goryo-Dhogyoung, 고리도경, 高麗圖經", the classical design canon. It is said, "A sharpened mouth with narrow and prolonged neck is attached upon the broad mouth with thicker and even longer neck of the pot whose body intimates to the shape of melon." One could find this Jung-Byoung similar to the Indian drinking water jar, Kundika, which has been. even today, an everyday article in houses as well as in temples. In the early Buddhist cult, the object had been adopted as personal belonging of the Bodhisattvas(보살, 菩薩), especially of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara(관세음보살,觀世音菩薩). In short, the purifying character of water is met by the sacred ware to deliver the refreshing Sweet-Water(Holy-Water, 깨맑물, 단물, 단이슬물, 정수, 감로, 감로수, 성수, 淨水, 甘露, 甘露水, 聖水): For the holy purpose of fulfilling the thirst of people, of symbolozing the virtuous dharma. Thus, Ggamslkh-Byoung(깨맑병,淨水), the literal Korean name, denotes purifying and clarifying and clarifying water-pot to us. Among many other Asian countries, India, China, Korea, and Japan have a profound cult of the sacred water-pot(Ggamalkh-Byoung, Jung-Byoung, 깨맑병, 정병, 정수병, 감로병, 감로수병, 淨甁, 淨水甁, 甘露甁, 甘露水甁). Therefore, this charming holy object drew much attention not only from master artisans to shape and deliver them to people but also from painters and sculptors for their endowment of the sacred images dedicated to Buddha(부처,佛,佛陀). In China, the sacred water pot emerged in the period of Tang(당, 唐, 618~907)-Period and underwent much sophistication later on, I. e., from earthenware, ceramic-porcelain, bronze, and silver. However, the following represents a challenge to the well-known Goryo-Thangka(고리불화, 高麗佛畵) Painting of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara to our speculation on the Sacred Water-pot(정병, 淨甁). The image suggests, when examined closely, that the Sacred Water-pot has been accompanied by, or placed in, a transparent glasswere(유리그릇) or crystalbowl(수정그릇)! We have no other physical proof of the existence of such a Holding-Bowl(받침그릇, 承盤), except for in this particular painting. This Holding-Bowl would have not been a mere elaboration on the practicality of controling the drips from the mouth of the pot. As in the chapter on Tang-ho(탕호, 湯壺), or thermal bowl, in the "Goryo-Dhogyoung" it advises readers that this style of bowl is to be filled with hot water, and thus function as a preserver of heat in the water inside the pot. As an offering to the Buddha, the Sacred Water-pot could have been used for serving him hot tea. Hence the sacred bottle is to contain the refreshing water, the water transcends to nectar, and the nectar is prepared as a nectar tea to offer the Buddha. For both the Holding-Bowl of Ggamalkh-Byoung(Jung-Byoung)and the Celestial-Robe(날개옷, 天衣) of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara, whose specified character is the Water-Moon(수월, 水月) in this particular Thangka(불화, 佛畵) painting, the transparency is essential. This is to refer to the purity and the lucid clarity of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara and at a deeper level, to refer to the world of Buddhas-the Tushita(Paradise, Heaven, Eden, 극락, 불세계, 極樂, 佛世界). Howerver, without the discovery of an actual Holding-Bowl, accompanied by a Sacred Water-pot, such speculation will necessarily remain hypothetical. Nevertheless, there is an abundance of evidence of our ancient craftsmanship in jade and ctystal, dating back to the Bronze Age(1000~2B.C.) in Korea. By the time of the Three Kingdom-Period(삼국시대, 三國時代, 57B.C.~935A.D.), and especially the Silla(신라, 新羅, 57B.C.~935A.D.)-Empire, the jade and crystal ornamentation had become very intricate indeed. By the Goryo-Period(918~1392) and Chosun-Period(조선, 朝鮮,1392~1910),crystal-ware and jade art were popular in houses and Buddhist temples, whose master artsanship was heightened in the numerous Sarira-Cases(사리그릇, 舍利器), containing relics and placed inside Stupas(탑, 투, 搭)! Therefore, discovering a tiny part of the crystal or jade Holding-Bowl for the Sacred Water-pot and casting full light on this subject, would not be totally impossible. Lastly the present article shares the tiny hope for a sudden emergence of such a Holding-Bowl.