• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.871-905
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• 2010

This paper is motivated by Watanabe's (2001) observation that English byphrase passives are sometimes translated into Japanese object topicalization constructions. That is, the original English sentence in the passive may be translated into the active voice with the logical object topicalized. A number of scholars, including Chomsky (1981) and Baker (1992), have remarked that languages have various ways to avoid focusing on the logical subject. The aim of the present study is to examine the translation equivalents of the English by-phrase passives in an English-Korean parallel corpus compiled by the author. A small sample of articles from Newsweek magazine and its published Korean translation reveals that there are indeed many ways to translate English by-phrase passives, including object topicalization (12.5%). Among the 64 translated sentences analyzed and classified, 12 (18.8%) examples were problematic in terms of agent defocusing, which is the primary function of passives. Of these 12 instances, five cases were identified where an alternative translation would be more suitable. The results suggest that the functional characteristics of English by-phrase passives should be highlighted in translator training as well as language teaching.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 1983

An efficient method for the desist of active filters from doubly terminated lossless ladder type passive filters is presented. This technique is based on the linear transformation of network variables from the voltage-current domain to a new domain for the active realization of the passive networks. The method developed herein applies the linear transformation to a ladder building block which contains both a shunt and a series reactive arm, resulting in the minimization of the number of operational amplifiers required for the active realization. The validity and efficiency of this method are verified by the design of the 8th-order Chebyshev low-pass filter followed by the measurement of its frequency characteristics which fairly agree with the theoretic ones.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.460-468
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• 1991

계배 limb bud간충직 연골원성 세포로부터 연골원세포로의 분화과정에서 Ca2+의 역할을 추구해 보기 위하여 Hamburger-Hamilton stage 23/24의 계배 limb bud간충직세포들을 미세배양법으로 배양하면서, Ca2+, calcium ionophore인 A23187, calcium channel blocker인 D600을 각각 농도 및 처리기간을 변화시켜 처리하면서 연골화의 정도를 검정하여, 연골세포 분화에 미치는 Ca2+의 작용양상을 분석하였다. 그 결과 Ca2+은 3 mM의 농도로 배양초기에 처리하였을 때 가장 효과적으로 연골화를 촉진하였으며, A23187(0.05 $\mu$ M) 처리는 세포내로 Ca2+유입을 증가시켜 연골화를 촉진시킨 반면, D6OO(30 $\mu$ M이하) 처리는 세포내로 Ca2+ 유입을 차단시킴으로서 연골화를 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 따른 세포내로의 칼슘 유입 변화는 45Ca로 확인하였다. 그러므로 Ca2+에 의한 간충직세포의 연골세포로의 분화촉진 작용은 Ca2+이 연골화의 응집시기에 세포간의 접촉을 유도할 뿐만 아니라 배양 초기에 Ca2+이 세포 내로 들어감으로써 수반되는 일련의 기작에 의한 것임을 알았다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.1502-1504
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• 2003

최근 전자기기의 경박단소화 추세는 전자기기의 크기와 가격의 감소를 이끌었으며 이러한 추세는 앞으로 지속될 것이다. 이와 같은 현상으로 전자기기를 구성하는 요소의 절반이상을 차지하는 단위수동소자의 경우 소형화를 넘어 박막화 및 집적화가 절실히 요구되는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 현재 GHz 대역의 휴대용 무선통신 송 수신부 등에 사용되고 있는 기판이 $Al_2O_3$ 기판인 점을 고려하여 기판의 공통화를 위해 $Al_2O_3$ 기판 위에 Ta/$Ta_2O_5$/Ta 구조를 갖는 MIM 박막커패시터를 제작하여 그 특성을 고찰하였다. 모든 박막의 증착은 RF-magnetron reactive sputtering법에 의해 이루어졌으며, 유전체 열처리는 $700^{\circ}C$ 진공상태에서 60 sec 동안 수행하였다. XRD 분석결과, as-deposited $Ta_2O_5$ 박막은 열처리 후에 비정질상에서 결정질상으로 변환되었다. Ta/$Ta_2O_5$/Ta/Ti/$Al_2O_3$ 커패시터의 전기적 특성으로는 C-F, C-V, I-V 를 측정하였다.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.321-328
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• 2017

We have implemented a technique to correct the brightness, saturation, and contrast of an image according to the degree of light, and further compensate the backlight. Backlight compensation can be done automatically or manually. For manual backlight compensation, we have to select the region of interest (ROI). ROI can be selected by connecting the outline of the desired object. We make users select the region delicately with the new magnetic lasso tool. The previous lasso tool has a disadvantage that the start point and the end point must be connected. However, the proposed lasso tool has the advantage of selecting the region of interest without connecting the start point and the end point. We can automatically obtain various results of backlight compensation by adjusting the number of k-means clusters for texture extraction and the threshold value for binarization.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.12D no.4 s.100
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• pp.647-656
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• 2005

This paper proposes an adaptive resource self-management system that collects system resources, user information, and usage patterns as context information for utilization in self-configuration. This system ill ease the system maintenance burden on users by automation of large part of configuration tasks such as install, reconfiguration and update, and will also decrease cost and errors. Working from the gathered context information, this system allows users to select appropriate components and install them for user's system context. This also offers a more personalized configuration setting by using user's existing application setting and usage pattern. To avoid the overload on central server to transfer and manage related files, we employ Peer-to-Peer method. h prototype was developed to evaluate the system and a comparison study with the conventional methods of manual configuration and MS-IBM systems was conducted to validate the proposed system in terms of functional capacity, install time and etc.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.543-554
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• 1995

This paper describes the improvement of driving stability and the control system for INMEL-VII which is motorized manual wheelchair to satisfy requirements of the disabled The INMEL-VI was based on high maneuverability of the omnidirection drive and safety But the results of field tests about two years showed some problems to the disabled in daily life such as driving stability, Pm switching noise, and rotation of motor without driving command on negative slope. To solve the problems due to an increased DC motor power and applied to direct connection method in INMEL- VII. It improved the driving circuits and set switching frequency to 5KHz to eliminate the switching noise caused by PWM control of DC motor, As compare with the INMEL-VI, INMEL-VII is improved in driving stability by transfer the weight center to forward. The results of field testing proved the improvement of the driving stability and software algorithm It has been estimated to have a hlgh practical use for powered walking aids to the disabled's daily life.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.7 no.2 s.24
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• pp.53-61
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• 2007

A conventional passive TMD is only effective when it is tuned properly. In many practical applications, inevitable off-tuning of a TMD occurs because the mass in a building floor could change by moving furnishings, people gathering, etc. When TMDs are offtuned, TMDs their effectiveness is sharply reduced. Moreover, the off-tuned TMs can excessively amplify the vibration levels of the primary structures. This paper discusses the application of a new class of MR damper, for the reduction of floor vibrations duo to machine and human movements. The STMD introduced uses a MR damper called to semi-active damper to achieve reduction in the floor vibration. Here, the STMD and the groundhook algorithm are applied to a single degree of freedom system representative or building floors. The performance or the STMD is compared to that or the equivalent passive TMD. In addition, the effects of off-tuning due to variations in the mass of the floor system. Comparison of the results demonstrates the efficiency and robustness of STMD with respect to equivalent TMD.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.49-56
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• 2007

Passive, active and semi-active control system are classified in floor vibration control system by providing control force. This paper discusses the application of a new class of semi-active TMD(MR-TMD), for the reduction or floor vibrations due to machine and human movements. This MR-TMD consists of passive TMD and MR damper. Here, displacement-based control methods are used to assess the performance of this STMD(MR-TMD). And, skyhook and the groundhook algorithm are applied to a single degree of freedom system representative of building floors. If the allowed operation space of tuned mass is limited in MR-TMD system, skyhook algorithm is more efficient than groundhook algorithm for floor vibration control. Hybrid control method demonstrates the efficiency of MR-TMD with respect to another methods.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.767-774
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• 2010

In a passive-type PEMFC stack, axial fans operate to supply both oxidant and coolant to cathode side of the stack. It is possible to make a simple system because the passive-type PEMFC stack does not require additional cooling equipment. However, the performance of a cooling system in which water is used as a coolant is better than that of the air-cooling system. To ensure system reliability, it is essential to make cooling system effective by adopting an optimal stack design. In this study, a numerical investigation has been carried out to identify an optimum cooling strategy. Various channel configurations were applied to the test section. The passive-type PEMFC was tested by varying airflow rate distribution at the cathode side and external heat transfer coefficient of the stack. The best cooling performance was achieved when a channel with thick ribs was used, and the overheating at the center of the stack was reduced when a case in which airflow was concentrated at the middle of the stack was used.