• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.345-345
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• 2011

최근 각종 하천 개발 사업이 활발히 진행되면서 하천환경변화에 따라 발생 가능한 다양한 현상 예측 및 그에 대한 대책수립이 요구되는 실정이다. 특히 하도안정 및 평면적 유로를 유지하기 위해서는 수제와 같은 수공 구조물이 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 제한적인 연구와 소수의 수제 설치만 진행되었을 뿐 실용화를 위한 기술 개발 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 단일 수제의 기하학적 특성에 의한 세굴 및 퇴적 등 하상의 변화에 관한 연구는 다수 진행되었으나 연속 수제에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이동상 수리실험을 통하여 단일수제와 연속수제 설치에 따른 세굴깊이와 길이, 폭 등 하상변화의 기하학적 형상을 지배하는 월류비와 후루이드 수 등 수제설계 지배인자에 대한 특성을 검토하였다. 단일수제와 연속수제에 대하여 월류조건과 비월류조건의 경우로 분류하여 후루이드 수의 영향을 검토하였다. 실험분석 결과 후루이드 수와 월류비가 수제 설치에 따른 세굴 깊이, 세굴 길이 및 세굴 폭의 지배인자임을 확인하였다. 후루이드 수가 증가할수록 세굴깊이와 길이, 폭은 증가하는 것으로 나타났으나 월류비가 증가할수록 세굴깊이와 길이, 폭은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 연속수제의 경우 첫 번째 수제 주변의 하상변화는 단일수제와 그 규모가 유사한 것으로 나타났으나 두 번째 또는 세 번째 수제부터의 하상변화 규모는 첫 번째 수제에 비해 작아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 세번째 수제 이후 모든 수제에서의 하상변화 규모는 거의 일정한 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 하상변화 지배인자와 단일수제, 연속수제 별 세굴공의 기하학적 특성과의 관계는 하상의 안정성 확보를 위한 수제 설계를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.2B
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• pp.111-120
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• 2009

A local scour around a bridge pier is known as one of important factors of bridge collapse. Two approaches are usually used in estimating a scour depth in practice. One is to use empirical formulas, and the other is to use computational methods. But the use of empirical formulas is limited to predict a scour depth under similar conditions to which the formulas were derived. Computational methods are currently too expensive to be applied to practical engineering problems. This study presented the application of artificial neural networks (ANN) to the prediction of a scour depth around a bridge pier at an equilibrium state. This study also investigated various ANN algorithms for estimating a scour depth, such as Backpropagation Network, Radial Basis Function Network, and Generalized Regression Network. Preliminary study showed that ANN models resulted in very wide range of errors in predicting a scour depth. To solve this problem this study incorporated cluster analysis into ANN. The incorporation of cluster analysis provided better estimations of scour depth up to 42% compared with other approaches.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.2 s.17
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• pp.29-35
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• 2005

In Korea more than ninety bridges are collapsed every year by flood, which causes the scour of pier foundation. Researches on the quantitative assessment method to assess the integrity of bridge against scour have not been organized systematically in the bridge design practice and maintenance area. In this study, dynamic characteristics assessment experiments are carried out as an emergency inspection method to assess the integrity of the pier foundation for scour after a flood. According to the dynamic characteristics assessment experiment, which simulates foundation scour of the spread footing pier, foundation scour can be evaluated by the first mode natural frequency of the pier.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1999

More than 100 bridges in Korea have been annually collapsed or badly damaged by the scouring around bridge piers, particularly in the flood season. To prevent from such a tragedy, the fundamental study on the bridge scouring is required, which is essential not only to estimate the scour depth with reliability but to take it into consideration in its design. However, it is not easy to find out the physical scour mechanism since many factors on the scour are coupled with. Moreover, there exists none of the measured data sufficiently for the primary research on the bridge scour depths. In this study the field measurements are carried out to provide the fundamental data for the research and the design. Scouring depth, pier width, flow depth, and the approaching velocity and degree of pier nose are measured broadly in small and medium streams. From these measurements the present situation on bridge scours can be understood and some of important factors to affect the stability of bridges are analyzed.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.117-123
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• 2009

This study is to investigate the characteristics of scour around pipeline in current and hydraulic model tests were performed. All the model test are 45 cases, which were conducted with velocities of 0.2 m/s to 0.5 m/s and pipe diameters of 45, 60, 90 mm. The developments of scour around pipeline were observed and equilibrium scour depths were recorded due to variation of pipe diameter and current velocity. According to the results, the equilibrium scour depth was proportional to current velocity and pipe diameter. The effect of diameter of pipeline on the equilibrium scour depth was bigger than current velocity. The correlations of relative scour depth and dimensionless number such as a Reynolds number, Shields number, and Froude number were analyzed. The Froude number and the relative scour depth had a high correlation of 0.900.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1A
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• pp.49-53
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• 2012

Coastal structures, constructed for preventing coastal slope erosion, often causes the scour on the boundary between the coastal structure and the sea-bed, which might lead to collapse of coastal structures. To prevent the collapse, the usual upright block type coastal structures can be modified to other forms or systems of coastal structures. To validate the performance of the proposed systems, it is necessary to conduct high cost hydraulic experiments. If numerical modeling can be performed prior to the hydraulic experiments and the performance of the proposed systems is analyzed numerically in advance, the expenses can be reduced significantly by optimizing the number of cases for conducting the experiments. In this study, a fluid-structure interaction analysis procedure is proposed for modeling the hydraulic experiments of costal structures using the finite element package, LS-DYNA. As can be found in the usual hydraulic experiments, fluid velocities of potential scour locations are monitored and analyzed in detail for four types of coastal structures, block, step, trapezoid and rubble mound.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.2A
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• pp.117-122
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• 2012

Coastal structures, constructed for preventing coastal slope erosion, often causes the scour on the boundary between the coastal structure and the sea-bed, which might lead to collapse of coastal structures. To prevent the collapse, the usual upright block type coastal structures can be modified to other forms or systems of coastal structures. To validate the performance of the proposed systems, it is necessary to conduct high cost hydraulic experiments. If numerical modeling can be performed prior to the hydraulic experiments and the performance of the proposed systems is analyzed numerically in advance, the expenses can be reduced significantly by optimizing the number of cases for conducting the experiments. In this study, a fluid-structure interaction analysis procedure is proposed for modeling the hydraulic experiments of costal structures using the finite element package, LS-DYNA. As can be found in the usual hydraulic experiments, fluid velocities of potential scour locations are monitored and analyzed in detail for four types of coastal structures, block, step, trapezoid and rubble mound.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.237-237
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• 2019

현재 한반도에서는 대규모 하천정비가 지속적으로 진행되고 있다. 그 결과 하천은 평형상태를 맞추기 위하여 여러 가지 현상들이 발생하는데, 대표적인 현상 중 하나는 세굴현상이 있다. 이는 하천의 호안, 교각, 교대 등에 일어나 구조물의 안전성을 떨어뜨리고 큰 피해를 발생시킬 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 설치 할 수 있는 구조물이 날개공이다. 본 연구에서는 곡선수로의 연속식, 흐름 방향의 운동방정식 및 와도 방정식을 수치모의기법을 통해서 날개공의 위치 및 개수, 크기, 각도, 간격 등에 따라 유속의 변화를 살펴보고 그에 따른 외안부근에서의 하상변화를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 날개공을 일정 간격별로 설치 하였을 때 개수에 따라 각각 날개공으로 인한 유속 및 수면유속의 감소가 크게 일어났고, 유속감소로 인해 하천의 횡단 방향하상 단면의 변화가 줄어들어 세굴현상이 감소되는 결과가 나왔다. 또한 날개공의 크기 및 모형에 따라서도 유속 및 수면 유속등의 큰 차이가 생겨 이에 따라 세굴 현상이 감소되는 결과가 나왔다. 본 연구 결과를 발전시켜 실제 하천에 적용할 수 있는 날개공 설치의 가이드라인을 제시한다면 현재 대규모하천정비에 따른 많은 문제점들을 해결할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.255-263
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• 1999

The laboratory datas are for local scour depth measurement at vertical-wall abutment. These include the data to demonstrate the effects of local scour depth of abutment nose shape, alignment angle, flow depth and flume slope. The pattern of local scour were measured and analyzed the abutments which are rectangular, sharp, chamfered rectangular and ablong nose shapes. The experiments were carried out with varing the flume slope and alignment algle increasing flow depth every step in 1cm for four abutment types on the live-bed scour conditions. The flume slope and alignment angle were varied in five cases : for latter 30 $^{\circ}$, 60 $^{\circ}$, 90 $^{\circ}$, 120 $^{\circ}$ and 150 $^{\circ}$, for former 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%. The maximum scour depths were analyzed for the shaped of abutment nose with rectangular, ablong, chamfered rectangular and sharp in order. The results of the experiments show that the scour depth varies not only with abutment nose shapes and alignment angle but also with the flow depth and flume slope.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.269-277
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• 1998

Laboratory flume experiments to investigate the characteristics of the flows and local scour around circular bridge pier in a curved channel are performed. In this study, the effect of a circular collar device for controlling the depth of scour is examined. The scour depth with a collar is about 40% of the scour depth without collar in the straight course of the flume while it is about 44% of the scour depth without collar at the location of 150' in the curved channel. As the results of experiments using the collar of which diameter is twice of pier, the reduction of scour depth is the most effective in a straight channel when the location of collar is 0.2h( h:depth) below the channel bottom. And, the reduction of scour depth is the most effective in a curved channel when the location of collar is 0.1h below the channel bottom.