• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.156-175
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to verify that the impacts of experience of donation for education to improve the teaching efficacy of pre-technology teacher. The Invention experience of donation for education was performed with Invent-touring sponsored by Chunnam National University Invention Education Center for Teachers and was included by development of creative problem solving program, program execution and evaluation. Research participants were Technology education Majors and minors 20 students. The active locations were D children community center, K alternative school, D Elementary School and D middle school. For the study, various literature researches were reviewed intensively about donation for education and teaching efficacy. The instrument for the study was the modified STEBI(Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs Instrument) for technology education by 3 experts. This study was designed by single group pre and post test design (One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design) and was conducted by the pre-test and post-test. Check the reliability of the tool was conducted with Cronbach ${\alpha}$ coefficient analysis, pre-test 0.840, post-test 0.746. The analysis of data from the 5% significance level, paired sample t-test was performed using the SPSS 19.0 statistical tool. The results were as follows: 1. Teaching efficacy of pre-technology teachers who participated in the invention experience for educational donation technology has improved. 72. The qualitative study was performed by the interviews with students who participated in. Humanism was positively change and learning opportunity was provided to develop the competence of technology education teacher. Based upon the conclusion of this study, the donation activity for invention education need to use learning strategies for pre-technology teacher to improve teaching efficacy.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.575-596
• /
• 2012

Students' perception on a science program for gifted was investigated. The whole program was designed in consistency and integrity based on the Autonomous Learner Model suggested by Betts & Kercher(1999). 7th, 8th and 9th grade students were enrolled in this program, offered by G Education Institute for Gifted(GEI) located in Seoul. A survey was done to ask students' perception regarding the effect of the program. The survey consisted of statements about the expected effects of the program and students were asked if they agreed with the statements. Most students strongly agreed that GEI's program has positive effects. Students replied that they learned useful and interesting science contents, enjoyed meaningful experience of cooperating with members in small groups, and were challenged by the inquiry tasks. They recognized that they were being trained to become autonomous learners. They also said that their choices and decisions were respected, which resulted in positive effects on their ability to negotiate or to inquire actively. These implies that Autonomous Learner Model had been successfully applied. Although it was not clear autonomy of students was fully grown, the possibility of becoming an autonomous learner was evident. Satisfaction level is higher for the older students, implying that the integrity in the program gave accumulating effect. Students response showed that three sub-programs of GEI, the classes of each subject, conference at the end of the year and autonomous learner training played equally important role for students to learn the process of scientific inquiry and autonomous learning. This was a positive sign that the strategies for scientific inquiry and autonomous learning were embedded and integrated deeply in the program. The results of current research suggests that the integrity of a program based on a specific education model for the gifted could provide better education environment for the gifted students.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.539-550
• /
• 2016

The purpose of the study is to conceptualize SSI-PCK by identifying major components and sub-components to promote science teachers' confidence and knowledge on teaching SSIs. To achieve this, I conducted extensive literature reviews on teachers' perceptions on SSI, case studies of teachers addressing SSIs, SSI instructional strategies, etc. as well as PCK. Results indicate that SSI-PCK include six major components: 1) Orientation for Teaching SSI (OTS), 2) Knowledge of Instructional Strategies for Teaching SSI (KIS), 3) Knowledge of Curriculum (KC), 4) Knowledge of Students' SSI Learning (KSL), 5) Knowledge of Assessment in SSI Learning (KAS), and 6) Knowledge of Learning Contexts (KLC). OTS refers to teachers' instructional goals and intentions for teaching SSIs. Teachers often present a) activity-driven, b) knowledge and higher order thinking skills, c) application of science in everyday life, d) nature of science and technology, e) citizenship and f) activism orientations for teaching SSIs. KIS indicates teachers' instructional knowledge required for effectively designing and implementing SSI lessons. It includes a) SSI lesson design, b) utilizing progressive instructional strategies, and c) constructing collaborative classroom cultures. KC refers to teachers' knowledge on a) connection to science curriculum (horizontal/vertical) and b) connection to other subject matters. KSL refers to teachers' knowledge on a) learner experiences in SSI learning, b) difficulties in SSI learning, and c) SSI reasoning patterns. KAS indicates teachers' knowledge on a) dimensions of SSI learning to assess, and b) methods of assessing SSI learning. Finally, KLC refers to teachers' knowledge on the cultures of a) classrooms, b) schools, and c) community and society where they are located when teaching SSIs.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.78-98
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze elementary school students' interpretation of data characteristics by cognitive style. Participants were elementary students in sixth grade who can use integrated inquiry process skills. The students were divided into two groups, analytic cognitive style and wholistic cognitive style according to their response to Cognitive Style Analysis. They performed scientific interpretation of data activity. To collect data for this study, participants recorded the result on scientific interpretation of data activity paper and researcher recorded the situation on videotape and interviewed with participants after the end of interpretation of data to get additional data. And the findings of this study were as follows: First, the study analyzed interpretation of data characteristics by the operator regarding different situations of interpreting data according to cognitive style. For example, in the intermediate state, analytic-cognitive style students showed high achievement in identifying variables, and wholistic-cognitive style students were active in using prior knowledge to interpret data. Second, the result of analysis on the direction of interpreting data and preference for data types in interpreting data activities according to cognitive style are as follows: Wholistic-cognitive style students showed relatively high perception of information through the top-down approach. On the other hand, analytic-cognitive style students usually used the bottom-up approach gradually expanding detailed information to the scientific question-related answer and showed a preference data of the table type. Through the result, this study aimed to help establish a data interpretation strategy for learners to solve problems based on understanding of interpretation of data characteristics according to learners' cognitive style, and purposed the instruction design suggesting the data requiring various data interpretation strategies to develop learners' data interpretation ability.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.93-107
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we report what we have observed with regard to user-perspective issue clustering based on multi-layered two-mode network analysis. This work is significant in the context of data collection by companies about customer needs. Most companies have failed to uncover such needs for products or services properly in terms of demographic data such as age, income levels, and purchase history. Because of excessive reliance on limited internal data, most recommendation systems do not provide decision makers with appropriate business information for current business circumstances. However, part of the problem is the increasing regulation of personal data gathering and privacy. This makes demographic or transaction data collection more difficult, and is a significant hurdle for traditional recommendation approaches because these systems demand a great deal of personal data or transaction logs. Our motivation for presenting this paper to academia is our strong belief, and evidence, that most customers' requirements for products can be effectively and efficiently analyzed from unstructured textual data such as Internet news text. In order to derive users' requirements from textual data obtained online, the proposed approach in this paper attempts to construct double two-mode networks, such as a user-news network and news-issue network, and to integrate these into one quasi-network as the input for issue clustering. One of the contributions of this research is the development of a methodology utilizing enormous amounts of unstructured textual data for user-oriented issue clustering by leveraging existing text mining and social network analysis. In order to build multi-layered two-mode networks of news logs, we need some tools such as text mining and topic analysis. We used not only SAS Enterprise Miner 12.1, which provides a text miner module and cluster module for textual data analysis, but also NetMiner 4 for network visualization and analysis. Our approach for user-perspective issue clustering is composed of six main phases: crawling, topic analysis, access pattern analysis, network merging, network conversion, and clustering. In the first phase, we collect visit logs for news sites by crawler. After gathering unstructured news article data, the topic analysis phase extracts issues from each news article in order to build an article-news network. For simplicity, 100 topics are extracted from 13,652 articles. In the third phase, a user-article network is constructed with access patterns derived from web transaction logs. The double two-mode networks are then merged into a quasi-network of user-issue. Finally, in the user-oriented issue-clustering phase, we classify issues through structural equivalence, and compare these with the clustering results from statistical tools and network analysis. An experiment with a large dataset was performed to build a multi-layer two-mode network. After that, we compared the results of issue clustering from SAS with that of network analysis. The experimental dataset was from a web site ranking site, and the biggest portal site in Korea. The sample dataset contains 150 million transaction logs and 13,652 news articles of 5,000 panels over one year. User-article and article-issue networks are constructed and merged into a user-issue quasi-network using Netminer. Our issue-clustering results applied the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), and are consistent with the results from SAS clustering. In spite of extensive efforts to provide user information with recommendation systems, most projects are successful only when companies have sufficient data about users and transactions. Our proposed methodology, user-perspective issue clustering, can provide practical support to decision-making in companies because it enhances user-related data from unstructured textual data. To overcome the problem of insufficient data from traditional approaches, our methodology infers customers' real interests by utilizing web transaction logs. In addition, we suggest topic analysis and issue clustering as a practical means of issue identification.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate supply factors of urban parks to answer the research question: What are the causal effects of supply factors of urban parks on visitor satisfaction? After reviewing the literature and the Korean park planning process, we constructed a conceptual framework and have formulated the hypothesis of this research. We had obtained data through a questionnaire, which surveyed 452 visitors at 8 urban parks in Daegu Metropolitan City in 2008, based on a stratified sampling method. After the elimination of 96 unsuitable samples, we have analyzed the data using descriptive statistical methods, Pearson's correlation analysis and a path analysis method. We have found that: 1) While the direct and indirect effect of accessibility(ACC) on visitor satisfaction(VS) turned out to be 0.184 and 0.220, respectively, the indirect effect of information(IFM) and promotion(PRM) on VS turned out to be 0.101 and 0.177, respectively. 2) While the direct and indirect effect of service(SVR) on VS turned out to be 0.130 and 0.236, respectively, the direct effect of ACC turned out to be 0.698. 3) While the direct effect of ACC, SVR and attraction(ATT) on VS turned out to be 0.184, 0.130 and 0.698, respectively, composing 67.96% of causal effect, the indirect effect of ACC, IFM, PRM and SVR on VS turned out to be 0.220, 0.101, 0.177 and 0.236, respectively, composing 42.04% of causal effect. 4) The magnitude of causal effect of supply factors on VS turned out to be ATT(39.98%), ACC(23.14%), SVR(20.96%), PRM(10.14%) and IFM(5.78%) in order, and 5) the causal effect of external supply factors of ACC, IFM and PRM compose 39.06% of the causal effect while that of the internal supply factors of SVR and ATT is 69.94%. The research results suggest that: 1) Planning for park marketing strategy and remedial directions for existing urban parks, in order to increase visitor satisfaction, be focused on IFM and PRM, especially. 2) The research approach and path analysis method adopted by this research be valid and highly useful for planning and evaluation of other recreation areas. It is recommended that: 1) Structural Equation Model on supply factors of urban parks be established in the future. 2) Evaluation of supply factors by type of urban park be performed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.74-83
• /
• 2010

This study is a development plan of a resort in a regional center that aims to generate tourism consumptions that have ripple effects on the regional economy by developing abandoned mine complexes in Daechon. Thanks to economic growth, the public awareness of tourism has changed. Hence, want for tourism influences development and advancement of recreational spaces, combining with various cultural contents. Development associated with environmental issues caused by modernization has become a major issue. At this point, to rediscover and specialize industrial complexes of bygone days as tourism resources signifies regeneration of regional resources. This study aims to find a solution for appropriate tourism development as part of the measures to revitalize the regional economy in underdeveloped areas and to improve the polluted environment. The result of the study is summarized as follows: First, in regional development alongside the development of a resort complex, it is important to construct environmental similarities. Minimizing differences in landscape structures is especially necessary because it will cause tourism resources in a regional center to be naturally linked to regional activities. These will then be recognized as attractions in the neighborhood. Therefore, it is desirable to reflect a spatial structure for environmental convergence, and, at the same time, to fulfill operation purposes by space through differentiation of movement lines. Second, in utilization of existing environmental resources, it is desirable to express localities and to develop differentiated elements. Facilities should not be homogenized, attaching importance to trends. Therefore, in establishing a development plan, it is important to have an attitude to accept existing roles and functions in a transformative manner. Third, recreational facilities in resort spaces generally have the problems of being uniformly planned as part of a development project and being limited to landscape facilities. Introduction of specialized facilities that can be reconciled with the regional environment and that can be open influences the landscape structure of the entire region and brings ripple effects as key facilities for activation of tourism.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.48-68
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to identify the NCS-related research trends, Keywords, the Keywords Networks and the extension of the Keywords using the sementic network analysis and to seek for the development plans about NCS. For this, the study searched 345 the papers, with the National Competency Standards or NCS as a key word, among master's theses, dissertations and scholarly journals that RISS provides, and selected a total of 345 papers. Annual frequency analysis of the selected papers was carried out, and Semantic Network Analysis was carried out for 68 key words which can be seen as key terms of the terms shown by the subject. The method of analysis were KrKwic software, UCINET6.0 and NetDraw. The study results were as follows: First, NCS-related research increased gradually after starting in 2002, and has been accomplishing a significant growth since 2014. Second, as a result of analysis of keyword network, 'NCS, development, curriculum, analysis, application, job, university, education,' etc. appeared as priority key words. Third, as a result of sub-cluster analysis of NCS-related research, it was classified into four clusters, which could be seen as a research related to a specific strategy for realization of NCS's purpose, an exploratory research on improvement in core competency and exploration of college students' possibility related to employment using NCS, an operational research for junior college-centered curriculum and reorganization of the specialized subject, and an analysis of demand and perception of a high school-level vocational education curriculum. Fourth, the connection forming process among key words of domestic study results about NCS was expanding in the form of 'job${\rightarrow}$job ability${\rightarrow}$NCS${\rightarrow}$education${\rightarrow}$process, curriculum${\rightarrow}$development, university${\rightarrow}$analysis, utilization${\rightarrow}$qualification, application, improvement${\rightarrow}$plan, operation, industry${\rightarrow}$design${\rightarrow}$evaluation.'

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2020

There is systematic spatial variations in environmental properties due to sensitive reaction to external conditions at plastic greenhouse occupied 99.2% of domestic agricultural facilities. In order to construct 3 dimensional distribution of temperature, relative humidity, CO₂ and illuminance, measurement matrix as 3 by 3 by 5 in direction of width, height and length, respectively, dividing indoor space of greenhouse was designed and tested at experimental site. Linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate optimal estimation method in terms with horizontal and vertical variations. Even though sole measurement point for temperature and relative humidity could be feasible to assess indoor condition, multiple measurement matrix is inevitably required to improve spatial precision at certain time domain such as period of sunrise and sunset. In case with CO₂, multiple measurement matrix could not successfully improve the spatial predictability during a whole experimental period. In case with illuminance, prediction performance was getting smaller after a time period of sunrise due to systematic interference such as indoor structure. Thus, multiple sensing methodology was proposed in direction of length at higher height than growing bed, which could compensate estimation error in spatial domain. Appropriate measurement matrix could be constructed considering the transition of stability in indoor environmental properties due to external variations. As a result, optimal measurement matrix should be carefully designed considering flexibility of construction relevant with the type of property, indoor structure, the purpose of crop and the period of growth. For an instance, partial cooling and heating system to save a consumption of energy supplement could be successfully accomplished by the deployment of multiple measurement matrix.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.357-384
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we described practical teaching-learning plans based on three different theoretical approaches to Integrated Science Education (ISE): a knowledge centered ISE, a social problem centered ISE, and an individual interest centered ISE. We believe that science teachers can understand integrated science education through this paper and they are able to apply simultaneously our integrated science teaching materials to their real instruction in classroom. For this we developed integrated science teaching-learning plans for the topic of energy which has a integrated feature strongly among integrated science subject contents. These modules were based upon the teaching strategies of 'Energy' following each integrated directions organized in the previous paper (Three Strategies for Integrated Science Teaching of "Energy" Applying Knowledge, Social Problem, and Individual Interest Centered Approaches) and we applied instruction models fitting each features of integrated directions to the teaching strategies of 'Energy'. There is a concrete describing on the above three integrated science teaching-learning plans as follows. 1. For the knowledge centered integration, we selected the topic, 'Journey of Energy' and we tried to integrate the knowledge of physics, chemistry, biology, and earth science applying the instruction model of 'Free Discovery Learning' which is emphasized on concepts and inquiry. 2. For the social problem centered integration, we selected the topic, 'Future of Energy' to resolve the science-related social problems and we applied the instruction model of 'Project Learning' which is emphasized on learner's cognitive process to the topic. 3. For the individual interest centered integration, we selected the topic, 'Transformation of Energy' for the integration of science and individual interest and we applied the instruction model of 'Project Learning' centering learner's interest and concern. Based upon the above direction, we developed the integrated science teaching-learning plans as following steps. First, we organized 'Integrated Teaching-Learning Contents' according to the topics. Second, based upon the above organization, we designed 'Instructional procedures' to integrate within the topics. Third, in accordance with the above 'Instructional Procedures', we created 'Instructional Coaching Plan' that can be applied in the practical world of real classrooms. These plans can be used as models for the further development of integrated science instruction for teacher preparation, textbook development, and classroom learning.