• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.120-129
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• 2008

In this study, 17 formative assessments using cartoon were developed for studying 'genetics and evolution' chapter in textbook of third grade of junior high school. And those were applied to 73 students in experimental group and 78 students in control group. We investigated if there was positive effect on students' perception, attitude about assessment and scholastic achievement. As a result, we could find the formative assessments using cartoon were effective to change students' negative perception and attitude to positive one. Especially, those were effective to make students to understand usefulness of assessment (p<.05), and to decrease a feeling of uneasiness about assessment (p<.01). Also, we could find the developed formative assessments using cartoon had more positive effect on raising scholastic achievement than formative assessment using descriptive passage (p<.05). It was considered that this was because the abstract concepts of 'genetics and evolution' chapter were described in pictures, so contexts of textbook and assessment questions became easier to understand. So, we could conclude that formative assessment using cartoon contributed to increase students' understanding of contexts of textbook and to increase their interests about study. And if this assessment method is applied to class actively, students' feeling of uneasiness about assessment can be easily overcome and it can also give them positive perception about assessment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.1373-1375
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• 2002

태양광발전 시스템을 설치하여 동작상태의 데이터를 하고, 시스템을 분석하기 위한 목적의 데이터 취득 장치가 널리 이용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 기반의 데이터취득시스템(Computer-Based Data Acquisition System)의 개발에 대해 서술하고 있다. 제안된 시스템은 시스템이 설치될 곳의 환경요소(일사량, 온도 등) 및 전기적 출력 요소를 측정하기 위한 센서들로 구성하였으며, 측정된 데이터를 컨디셔닝 (Conditioning)과 변환 과정을 거친 후 데이터 취득카드를 통해 컴퓨터에 인터페이스(Interrace)시켰다. 태양광 발전 시스템의 동작상태를 실시간으로 모니터링하고, 취득된 데이터를 저장 및 분석하기 위한 목적으로 본 논문에서는 랩뷰-소프트웨어(Labview-Software)를 적용시킨 모니터링 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안된 모니터링 시스템은 그래픽화된 데이터-프로세싱 알고리즘을 사용하여, 상대적으로 짧은 기간 내에 시스템을 구현할 수 있고 시스템의 측정요소가 설치초기에 예상한 것보다 많아지거나 시스템이 용량이 증대되는 경우에도 그 적용성이 용이한 장점이 있다. 제안된 본데이터 취득 시스템을 독립형 태양광 설비에 적용하여 동작상태를 실시간으로 관찰하였고 동작특성을 분석 및 평가하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1027-1030
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• 2005

기존 의미커널을 적용한 주관식 채점 시스템은 여러 답안과 말뭉치에서 추출한 색인어들과의 상관관계를 벡터방식으로 표현하여 자연어 처리에 대한 문제를 해결하려 하였다. 본 논문에서는 기존 시스템의 답안 및 색인어의 표현 한계로 인한 유사도 계산오차 가능성에 대한 문제를 해결하고자 시소러스를 이용한 임의 추출 방식의 답안 확장을 적용하였다. 서술형 주관식 평가에서는 문장의 문맥보다는 사용된 어휘에 채점가중치가 높다는 점을 착안, 출제자와 수험자 모두의 답안을 동의어, 유의어 그룹으로 확장하여 채점 성능을 향상시키려 하였다. 우선 두 답안을 형태소 분석기를 이용해 색인어를 추출한 후 워드넷을 이용하여 동의어, 유의어 그룹으로 확장한다. 이들을 말뭉치 색인을 이용하여 단어들 간 상관관계를 측정하기 위한 벡터로 구성하고 의미 커널을 적용하여 정답 유사도를 계산하였다. 출제자의 채점결과와 각 모델의 채점 점수의 상관계수 계산 결과 ELSA 모델이 가장 높은 유사도를 나타내었다..

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore learning progressions for global warming at middle school level. For this purpose, we conducted a construct modeling approach that specifies constructs, item designs, outcome spaces, and measurement model steps from April to October, 2021. In order to develop student assessment items, we analyzed the 2015 revised curriculum and textbooks of middle school and categorized a concept hierarchy for each construct to create a construct map. The assessment items were developed into multiple-choice, short answer, and essay questions according to the selected constructs to strengthen the linkage between the constructs and the items. Based on the three-step grading criteria for each item, an online assessment of 21 minor items developed for middle school students show that many students met 'high' level, but none met 'low' level. In this manner, the initial set lower anchor was reset to level 0, the original set upper anchor was lowered from level 4 to level 3, and the hypothetical learning progression for global warming was presented in the following order: phenomenal, conceptual, and mechanical understandings. The results of the research have raised implications for reorganizing the next science curriculum and improving the assessment system.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.12A no.6 s.96
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• pp.539-546
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• 2005

Recently, as the number of Internet users are growing explosively, e-learning has been applied spread, as well as remote evaluation of intellectual capacity However, only the multiple choice and/or the objective tests have been applied to the e-learning, because of difficulty of natural language processing. For the intelligent marking of short-essay typed answer papers with rapidness and fairness, this work utilize heterogenous linguistic knowledges. Firstly, we construct the semantic kernel from un tagged corpus. Then the answer papers of students and instructors are transformed into the vector form. Finally, we evaluate the similarity between the papers by using the semantic kernel and decide whether the answer paper is correct or not, based on the similarity values. For the construction of the semantic kernel, we used latent semantic analysis based on the vector space model. Further we try to reduce the problem of information shortage, by integrating Korean Word Net. For the construction of the semantic kernel we collected 38,727 newspaper articles and extracted 75,175 indexed terms. In the experiment, about 0.894 correlation coefficient value, between the marking results from this system and the human instructors, was acquired.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1-17
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• 2015

In domestic game market, the video game market is getting smaller and also decreasing funds and high level developers. So we need the software that can help us to make more realistic and high quality contents by non-expert developer in poor environments. In this paper, we selected global studio's animations which were scored good evaluation by public and critics as a well-made emotional expression that can convey the emotion properly. We selected movements that express emotions from the animation scripts by using Ekman's 6 basic emotions and Greimas' dynamic predicate, and then we had analyzed and categorized with the data. We also analyzed the movements for which data we needed to create specific movements to express emotions by using 'Animation Layer' that used in Unity's blending process. And suggest concept of the program that to create the emotional expression movements by using those analyzed data.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.999-1011
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• 1989

A consideration on the trubulence models for describing the redeveloping turbulent boundary layer beyond separation-reattachment in the flow over a backward-facing step is given through experimental and numerical studies. By considering the blance among the measured values of respective terms in the transport equations for the turbulent kinetic energy and the turbulent shear stress, the recovering process of the redeveloping boundary layer from non-equilibrium to equilibrium has been investigated, which takes place slowly over a substantial distance in the downstream direction. In the numerical study, the standard K-.epsilon. model and the Reynolds stress model have been applied to two kinds of flow regions, one for the entire downstream region after the backward-facing step and another for the downstream region after reattachment. Then the results are compared to a meaningful extent, with the experimental values of the turbulent kinetic energy k, the turbulent energy production term P, the dissipation term K-.epsilon. model, a necessity for a new modelling has been brought forward, which can be also applied to the case of the nonequlibrium turbulent flow.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.355-364
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of achievement and satisfaction of pediatric nursing clinical practice by nursing students' evaluation. The subjects were 115 nursing students from the K university of B city and completed the child nursing practice from February 24 to June 24, 2016. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program and content analysis. Nursing students' achievement of learning ability and satisfaction of clinical practice were high, and there was a significant difference in achievement of learning ability according to age. 'To feel a sense of frustration about restricted practice experience' were from self-evaluation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a clinical practice strategy that can improve the achievement of the learning ability of the technology area and improve the satisfaction of the training institute.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.229-250
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is analyzing 'observation and recommendation letter by teacher', which is being submitted to screen and enhance the utilization of gifted students in accordance with recently introduced gifted students observation, recommendation and screening system. For the purpose, this study will provide with objective securing plan of 'observation and recommendation letter by teacher' by developing an optimum evaluation model. The research findings were as follows: First, the result of analysis on the mathematically gifted students behavior characteristic as appeared in 'observation and recommendation letter by teacher' suggested that the recommending teachers have the tendency of giving superficial statement instead of giving concrete case description. When it was analyzed for frequency by the 'observation and recommendation letter by teacher' analysis framework devised by the author, the teachers showed the tendency of concentrating on specific questions. Meanwhile, there was a tendency that teachers concentrate on specific gifted behavior characteristic or area for which concrete case had been suggested. The reason is believed that such part is easy to observe and state while others are not, or, teachers did not judge the other part as the characteristic of gifted students. Second, the gifted students behavior characteristics as appeared in 'observation and recommendation letter by teacher' were made into scores by Rubric model. When the interrater reliability was analyzed based on these scores, the correlation coefficient of 1st scoring was .641. After a discussion session was taken and 2nd scoring was done 3 weeks later, the correlation coefficient of 2nd scoring increased to .732. The reason is believed that; i) the severity among scorers was adjusted by the discussion session after the 1st scoring, ii) the scorers established detail judgment standard on various situations which can appear because of the descriptive nature, and, (iii) they found a consensus on scoring for a new situation appeared. It implies that thorough understanding and application of scorers on evaluation model is as important as the development of optimum model for the differentiation of mathematically gifted elementary students.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.225-239
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of reflective thoughts of students during experiments in general physics experiments. The participants were 32 college students, they submitted 10 experiment reports including answers to questions for reflective thinking. The results were as follows: First, students show reflective thinking broadly in the experiment, levels were followed by practical reflection, technical reflection, and critical reflection. Also, they actively accepted the knowledge related to experiments, but were passive in connecting new knowledge and experiences obtained through the experiments or forming new questions. Second, the reflective thinking of students show high correlation with experiments related to prior knowledge or the easy-to-understand process. Third, through the qualitative analysis of open-ended questions, it was confirmed that technical reflection occurs in individual evaluation, practical reflection in group evaluation, and practical reflection and critical reflection in improvement proposal. While the students' reflective thinking were superficial or mainly functional, however, they recursively examined the learning contents and the experimental process concurrently.