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Analysis of Reflective Thinking Characteristic of College Students in General Physics Experiment

일반물리학실험에 나타난 대학생의 반성적 사고 특징 분석

  • Received : 2020.06.10
  • Accepted : 2020.08.31
  • Published : 2020.08.31

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of reflective thoughts of students during experiments in general physics experiments. The participants were 32 college students, they submitted 10 experiment reports including answers to questions for reflective thinking. The results were as follows: First, students show reflective thinking broadly in the experiment, levels were followed by practical reflection, technical reflection, and critical reflection. Also, they actively accepted the knowledge related to experiments, but were passive in connecting new knowledge and experiences obtained through the experiments or forming new questions. Second, the reflective thinking of students show high correlation with experiments related to prior knowledge or the easy-to-understand process. Third, through the qualitative analysis of open-ended questions, it was confirmed that technical reflection occurs in individual evaluation, practical reflection in group evaluation, and practical reflection and critical reflection in improvement proposal. While the students' reflective thinking were superficial or mainly functional, however, they recursively examined the learning contents and the experimental process concurrently.

이 연구는 일반물리학실험 수업 중 일어나는 대학생의 반성적 사고 특징을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구 참여자는 32명의 대학생들로 10개의 일반 물리학 실험 보고서와 함께 반성적 사고와 관련된 검사 문항을 서술하여 제출하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 선택형 문항을 분석한 결과 학생들은 실험에서 대체로 반성적으로 사고한다고 스스로를 평가하였으며. 그 수준은 실천적 반성, 기술적 반성, 비판적 반성 순이었다. 또한 학생들은 실험과 관련된 지식 등은 능동적으로 받아들이지만 당일 실험을 통해 얻은 새로운 지식 및 경험을 이전의 것과 연결하거나 새로운 질문을 형성하는 데는 소극적이었다. 둘째, 학생들의 반성적 사고는 실험 목표의 이해와 선지식과 관련된 실험, 쉽게 수용할 수 있는 과정의 실험일수록 상관관계가 높았다. 셋째, 개방형 문항의 분석을 통하여 개인평가에서는 기술적 반성이, 모둠평가에서는 실천적 반성이 주로 이루어졌으며, 개선점 제안에서는 실천적 반성, 기술적 반성, 비판적 반성의 순으로 동시에 이루어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 학생들의 반성적 사고는 기능적 측면이 주를 이루며 피상적이었던 반면, 실험을 통하여 학습 내용과 실험 과정을 검토하면서 개인과 모둠의 실천을 반성하여 학습의 의미를 재고하는 특징이 나타났다.

Keywords

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