과학교육연구지 (Journal of Science Education)

  • 제46권1호
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  • Pages.1-16
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  • 2022
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  • 1225-3944(pISSN)
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  • 2733-4074(eISSN)
경북대학교 과학교육연구소 (Science Education Research Institute Kyungpook National University)
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지구 온난화에 대한 학습발달과정 탐색: 중학교를 중심으로

Exploring Learning Progressions for Global Warming: Focus on Middle School Level

  • 투고 : 2022.03.15
  • 심사 : 2022.04.13
  • 발행 : 2022.04.30
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초록

본 연구에서는 중학교 수준에서 지구 온난화에 대한 학습발달과정을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2021년 4월부터 10월까지 구인 특화, 문항 개발, 결과 기술, 측정 모델 단계로 구성된 구인 모델링 방식에 따라 연구를 수행하였다. 학생 평가 문항을 개발하기 위하여 중학교 교육과정과 교과서를 분석하여 내용 요소를 토대로 구인별 개념 위계를 범주화하여 구인 구성도를 작성하였다. 구인과 문항 간 연계를 강화하기 위하여 선정된 구인에 따른 평가 문항을 선택형, 단답형, 서술형으로 개발하였다. 개발된 총 21개의 소문항을 중학생을 대상으로 온라인 평가를 실시한 결과 문항별 3단계 채점 기준에 의거하여 '상' 수준에 해당하는 학생은 많은 반면, '하' 수준에 해당하는 학생은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 초기에 설정한 하위 정착점을 Level 0으로, 상위 정착점을 Level 4에서 Level 3으로 하향 조정하여 구인 구성도를 수정하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 지구 온난화에 관한 가설적 학습발달과정을 현상적 이해, 개념적 이해, 기제적 이해 순으로 제안하였다. 연구 결과를 토대로 차기 과학과 교육과정의 재구성 및 평가 체제 개선을 위한 방안을 제언하였다.

The purpose of this study is to explore learning progressions for global warming at middle school level. For this purpose, we conducted a construct modeling approach that specifies constructs, item designs, outcome spaces, and measurement model steps from April to October, 2021. In order to develop student assessment items, we analyzed the 2015 revised curriculum and textbooks of middle school and categorized a concept hierarchy for each construct to create a construct map. The assessment items were developed into multiple-choice, short answer, and essay questions according to the selected constructs to strengthen the linkage between the constructs and the items. Based on the three-step grading criteria for each item, an online assessment of 21 minor items developed for middle school students show that many students met 'high' level, but none met 'low' level. In this manner, the initial set lower anchor was reset to level 0, the original set upper anchor was lowered from level 4 to level 3, and the hypothetical learning progression for global warming was presented in the following order: phenomenal, conceptual, and mechanical understandings. The results of the research have raised implications for reorganizing the next science curriculum and improving the assessment system.

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