• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.395-404
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of music intervention on the patient's fear and anxiety during scaling. Methods: 360 patients who had visited W University dental hygiene laboratory were selected as study subjects and divided into experiment group and control group. Results: Study results showed that the control group (71.9%) and the experimental group (75.1%) had experiences avoiding dental treatment due to fear. In the control group (37.6%) and experimental group (40.6%), the highest influencing factor was the sound of machine and followed by pain. The experimental group preferred classical music, followed by pop songs, trot music and instrumental music. In the experimental group (83.3%), fear and anxiety were alleviated by music, and 77.9% of the patients mentioned they would recommend music for scaling to other patients. There was an interaction effect (p=0.014) between the groups before and after the measurement of the lowest blood pressure. There was a significant difference in pulse before and after pulse measurement (p=0.000). There was a significant difference in respiration between groups (p=0.042) and before and after respiration (p=0.030). Conclusions: Study results showed that music intervention that utilizes music during scaling showed significant effects on the alleviation of fear and anxiety, affecting Pulse number among vital signs. Therefore, more systematic program is to be required to alleviate dental fear and anxiety with music therapy not only for scaling, but also for dental clinic in the future.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2015

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common complication of Congenital heart defects (CHD) with left-to-right shunts, and PAH with increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. General anesthesia (GA) can be life-threatening in patients with PAH, because the positive pressure ventilation during GA increases pulmonary arterial pressure and decreases pulmonary blood flow. This may also lead to hypoxia. Therefore, spontaneous ventilation may be safer than positive pressure ventilation in patients with PAH. A five-year-old male child, weighing 11 kg, with medical history showing a total correction of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in 2009 and ongoing treatment with hypertension (HTN) medicine since 2007, visited the Dankook University Dental Hospital. He had multiple dental caries, and the treatment was completed under sevoflurane insufflation sedation via nasal cannula. The patient remained sedated throughout the operation while maintaining normal vital signs and spontaneous respiration. In conclusion, sevoflurane insufflation sedation may be a safer alternative to GA for the dental treatment of patients with PAH.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.335-341
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• 2004

Traumatic cardiac injury is very rare but mortality is very high when the diagnosis and management are delayed. We reviewed our case retrospectively. Material and Method: From March 1995 to July 2003, 17 patients were diagnosed as having traumatic cardiac rupture. Five patients were stabbed, seven patients were motor vehicle accidents, four patients had fallen down, and the cause was unknown in one patient. Emergency operations were done and six patients were operated under CPB. Result: Four patients died during or after operation. The mean ICU stay period was 3.86$\pm$3.35 days and the mean hospital stay was 18.27$\pm$14.99 days. No mortality was observed in those whose vital signs were stable in the operating room. Conclusion: Preoperative vital status was very important and thoracic traumatic patient should be suspected as having cardiac injury.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.351-355
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• 2000

Penetrating injuries in the head and neck region are not common but can pose difficult situations to manage properly. In small cross-sectional area, the neck housed many vital structures, such as carotid artery, internal jugular vein, cervical spines, esophagus, laryngotracheal complex and nerves. Because each vital structure is located within the fascial compartments, bleeding into these closed spaces can give rise to compression of surrounding structures, which may result in compromised airway. Therefore, management of the penetrating injuries should be based on the fully understanding of anatomical relationships, accurate clinical examinations, a careful history taking and the proper treatment planning. We present two cases of penetrating injuries in the head and neck region and discuss on the clinical considerations for the proper management with the literature review.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.261-269
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception and practice of young children's health, which is emphasized in the stories of early childhood teachers. To collect data, telephone interviews were conducted with 15 teachers of kindergartens and daycare centers in Daejeon and Chungnam The collected data was analyzed by text network analysis. The research results are as follows. First, the participants observed the health of young children when they went to school, and contacted parents in case of abnormal signs. Second, the participants considered it important to understand the physical condition of children, proper nutrition intake, and manage health problems according to the characteristics of institutions where many people live together. Third, in relation to the management of infectious diseases, the participants were practicing to separate the child with symptoms from others, conduct disinfection and quarantine, and contact the parentst. Finally, the participants recognized that they should be educated related to safety in preparation for emergency, familiarize themselves with manuals in emergency situations, and know first aid methods according to the situation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.154-161
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• 2008

The physiological and photochemical responses of rice seedling to NaCl stress were investigated through measuring leaf relative water content (RWC), root water uptake and chlorophyll fluorescence. When plants were exposed to increased salinity stress, the visual symptoms of injury were significant at ${\geq}$500 mM NaCl concentration for 4 and 5 day stress periods. The differences in Fv/Fm between control treatment and plants treated with 500 mM and 1,000 mM NaCl were evident after 5 day and 4 day, respectively, whereas in root water uptake its effect was observed at 500 mM and 1,000 mM NaCl at 2 day of salt-stressed periods. Leaf RWC in salt-stressed plants decreased gradually with increasing salinity in exogenous solution and duration of salt stress, and these decrease showed leaf RWC of 58-68% atduration over 2 day stress of 1,000 mM NaCl treatment and 88% at 1 day stress. NaCl stress led to a significant inhibition of the light-induced greening in etiolated rice plants, especially in 4 and 5 day salt-stressed plants, which linearly decreased with NaCl concentration ($R^2$=0.812 and 0.918, respectively). The effects of NaCl stress in rice seedlings indicate that water uptake in root is more sensitive to increasing NaCl concentration and stress duration than Fv /Fm in leaves compared with the same NaCl concentration.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.1048-1052
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• 2009

Plastic bronchitis is a rare disease characterized by the recurrent formation of branching mucoid bronchial casts that are large and more cohesive than those that occur in ordinary mucus plugging. Casts may vary in size and can be spontaneously expectorated, but some require bronchoscopy for removal. Plastic bronchitis can therefore present as an acute life-threatening emergency if obstruction of the major airways occurs. Three of 22 reported patients with eosinophilic casts were fatal, with death due to central airway obstruction. Here, we report a child with no history of atopy, allergy, or congenital heart disease who was diagnosed with plastic bronchitis with eosinophilic casts. Although he was administered intravenous (iv) antibiotics; iv corticosteroids; and a vigorous pulmonary toilet regimen, including chest physiotherapy and routine bronchoscopic removal of casts, he had brain death secondary to hypoxic brain damage. Plastic bronchitis can be fatal when casts obstruct the major airways, as in the present case. Clinicians should intervene early if a patient exhibits signs and symptoms consistent with plastic bronchitis.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1309-1313
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• 2009

Endocrine disruptors are chemicals which can be found in our normal daily lives. Chemicals such as bisphenol A, DDT, benzophenone and phenylphenol can be easily ingested through plastic food containers and pesticides. Endocrine disruptors can be very harmful and toxic because they disrupt the normal function of the endocrine system. It has been reported that endocrine disruptions can cause fatal strikes in the cardiovascular, reproductive, and central nervous systems, and other parts of the body. Therefore we examined if benzophenone as an endocrine disruptor inhibits development in or induces malformation of chick embryos. Chick embryos which received a single injection of benzophenone ($1{\mu}g$/egg $\sim$ $500{\mu}g$/egg) via the yolk sac at designated times (6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 days after incubation) were investigated. Body weight reduction was observed in middle doses ($40{\mu}g$/egg $\sim$ $60{\mu}g$/egg). High mortality rates and teratogenic signs such as abnormal wry beak and abnormal eyeballs were seen in high doses ($80{\mu}g$/egg $\sim$ $500{\mu}g$/egg). In conclusion, it is suggested that benzophenone induces malformation of chick embryos and seriously inhibits development.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2000

We studied the effects of Escherichia coli (E. coli) endotoxin on blood electrolytes levels in rabbits. Endotoxin (5. coli serotype O55 : B5) was injected via rabbits' ear vein : 0.10 mg/kg (Group A) or 0.50 mg/kg (Group B). Blood samples were taken at postendotoxemic 3, 6, 12 and 24 hrs and were analyzed for detections of the levels of blood electrolytes such as $Ca^{++}$, $Mg^{++}$, Na$^{+}$, $K^{+}$ and Cl$^{-}$. As compared to control group, in endotoxin-treated rabbits $Ca^{++}$ levels elevated at 6 hrs but decreased at 24 hrs, $Mg^{++}$ levels were high at 3, 6 and 12 hrs, Na$^{+}$ and $K^{+}$ levels increased at all sampling times and Cl$^{-}$ levels rose at 3, 12 and 24 hrs (p<0.05). Interestingly, endotoxic rabbits having hypermagnesemia (about 4.0 mg/dL) showed severe syndromes such as increased secretion, shock, tachypnea, seizure and/or diarrhea, suggesting that these may be clinical signs of imminent death in rabbits. These observations testify that bacterial endotoxin leads to dyshomeostasis of blood electrolytes and the physiological imbalances may cause fatal disorders and subsequent death.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1376-1380
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• 2017

This study examined how the daily administration of dried CP roots affects body-weight gains of mice. An aqueous CP extract (1 g/kg of CP-W) was orally administered to mice on a daily basis for ten weeks, and the mice's body weights and food intakes were measured throughout the period. At the end of the ten-week treatment, murine blood samples were taken and hematological and serum biochemical parameters were examined. The mice's intra-abdominal organs were weighed at necropsy. The treatment of CP-W significantly suppressed the mice's body-weight gain by about 10%. There were no changes to the food intakes of and no observable abnormal clinical signs in any of the animals throughout the experimental period. There were no significant differences between the control and CP-W mice in regards to the hematological and serum biochemical parameters and the organ weights at necropsy. The results demonstrated that the daily administration of CP-W for ten weeks suppresses body-weight gain in mice and does not change mice's food intake or cause any noticeable toxic effects.