• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.157-168
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the offsets of pyroligneous acid on the growth of ‘Penncross’Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) and to propose the practical use for ecologically responsive management in Korean golf courses. In the plots affected by 300, 500, and 800 times diluted pyroligneous acid, the turfgrass growth increment and the visual quality were measured at fixed periods. The data were subjected to paired samples T-test. The results summarized are as follows； 1) In leaf growth increment, density, and root spread depth, turfgrass affected by 500 and 800 times diluted pyroligneous acid were superior to the control continually. It was reliable in the statistics. Especially, 500 times diluted solutions was superior to the others. 2) In color, texture, uniformity, and recuperative strength, the visual quality of turfgrass affected by 500 and 800 times diluted pyroligneous acid were superior to the control continually. It was reliable in the statistics except the recuperative strength. Espe-cially, 500 times diluted solutions tended to be superior to the others. 3) There was no symptom of a disease in all plots. The existing management was thought to be suitable in this golf course. 500 and 800 times diluted pyroligneous acid were not thought to trigger or promote a disease, 4) After investigating the effect of pyroligneous acid on turfgrass growth, the soils of all plots were analyzed. In all plots, the chemical properties of the soils were not changed obviously. 5) Considering the results mentioned above, the practical use of 500 and 800 times diluted solutions might decrease the amount of nutrients and agricultural chemicals used in golf courses as well as promote turfgrass growth in golf courses.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.579-583
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• 2005

Effects of sangwhang mushroom (Phellinus linteus) powder and extract on quality of wet noodle were investigated by adding sangwhang mushroom powder at 2% (w/w: II) of wheat flour and extract at 17 (v/w: III) and 34% (v/w: IV) based on flour source, respectively. Significant decreases were found in L values of dough and noodle, while a and b values increased in proportion to addition of sangwhang mushroom. Addition of sangwhang mushroom decreased volume of cooked noodles, but increased turbidity of soup. Tensions of cooked noodle samples of II, III, IV, and control were 12.17, 17.61, 17.57, and 14.90g, respectively. Sensory properties, including color, flavor, taste, and texture, of noodles added with sangwhang mushroom extracts (III, IV) were significantly superior to control (I) and noodle added with powder (II). These results suggest addition of sangwhang mushroom extract is more suitable than powder for noodle processing.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.313-323
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• 2011

Objectives: This study investigated the optimal combination of 3-component photoinitiation system, consisting of CQ, p-octyloxy-phenyl-phenyl iodonium hexafluoroantimonate (OPPI), and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) to increase the degree of conversion of resin monomers, and analyze the effect of the ratio of the photoinitiator to the co-initiator. Materials and Methods: Each photoinitiators (CQ and OPP) and co-initiator (DMAEMA) were mixed in three levels with 0.2 wt.% (low concentration, L), 1.0 wt.% (medium concentration, M), and 2.0 wt.% (high concentration, H). A total of nine groups using the Taguchi method were tested according to the following proportion of components in the photoinitiator system: LLL, LMM, LHH, MLM, MMH, MHL, HLH, HML, HHM. Each monomer was polymerized using a quartz-tungsten-halogen curing unit (Demetron 400, USA) for 5, 20, 40, 60, 300 sec and the degree of conversion (DC) was determined at each exposure time using FTIR. Results: Significant differences were found for DC values in groups. MMH group and HHM group exhibited greater initial DC than the others. No significant difference was found with the ratio of the photoinitiators (CQ, OPPI) to the co-initiator (DMAEMA). The concentrations of CQ didn't affect the DC values, but those of OPPI did strongly. Conclusions: MMH and HHM groups seem to be best ones to get increased DC. MMH group is indicated for bright, translucent color and HHM group is good for dark, opaque colored-resin.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.39
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• pp.393-412
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• 2015

See and feel the emotion recognition is the image of a person variously changed according to the environment, personal disposition. Thus, the image recognition has been focused on the emotional sensibilities computer you want to control the number studies. However, existing emotional computing model is numbered and the objective is clearly insufficient measurement conditions. Thus, through quantifiable image Emotion Recognition and emotion computing, is a study of the situation requires an objective assessment scheme. In this paper, the sensitivity was represented by numbered sizes quantified according to the image recognition calculation emotion. So apply the principal attributes of the color image emotion recognition as a configuration parameter. In addition, in calculating the color sensitivity by applying a digital computing focused research. Image color emotion computing research approach is the color of emotion attribute, brightness, and saturation reflects the weighted according to importance to the emotional scores. And free-degree by applying the sensitivity point to the image sensitivity formula (X), the tone (Y-axis) is calculated as a number system. There pleasure degree (X-axis), the tension and position the position of the image point that the sensitivity of the emotional coordinate crossing (Y-axis). Image color coordinates by applying the core emotional effect of Russell (Core Affect) is based on the 16 main representatives emotion. Thus, the image recognition sensitivity and compares the number size. Depending on the magnitude of the sensitivity scores demonstrate this sensitivity must change. Compare the way the images are divided up the top five of emotion recognition emotion emotions associated with 16 representatives, and representatives analyzed the concentrated emotion sizes. Future studies are needed emotional computing method of calculation to be more similar sensibility and human emotion recognition.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.443-449
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• 2015

In this paper, we proposed Channel allocation scheme according to the user's location with IR. In VLC System, LED can generate various colors of light by controlling the mixing ratio of each individual RGB color element. Thus, each RGB channel will have a different signal power, and each channel will have different performance. This proposed system using Visible light(RGB) as way to transmit signals, it depends on the mixture RGB, which decided the color of light, moreover, each things determined their performance. However, if the signal were fixed allocated RGB to transmit such as the original system, the importance of the each signals a different occur the limit on the quality of signals. To solve this problem in this paper, according to the RGB mixture ratios analyze the performance for the LED, which analyzed based on allocating the signal by transmitting to improve the quality was about how researched. In addition, our proposed system is able to improve the performance of BER and satisfied the Qos to desire users.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.463-466
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• 2010

In this paper, CCTV based fire surveillance system should aim to development. Advantages and Disadvantages analyzed of Existing sensor-based fire surveillance system and video-based fire surveillance system. To national support U-City, U-Home, U-Campus, etc, spread the ubiquitous environment appropriate to fire surveillance system model and a fire judgement technology. For this study, Microsoft LifeCam VX-1000 using through the capturing images and analyzed for apple and tomato, Finally we used H.264. The client uses the Linux OS with ARM9 S3C2440 board was manufactured, the client's role is passed to the server to processed capturing image. Client and the server is basically a 1:1 video communications. So to multiple receive to video multicast support will be a specification. Is fire surveillance system designed for multiple video communication. Video data from the RGB format to YUV format and transfer and fire detection for Y value. Y value is know movement data. The red color of the fire is determined to detect and calculate the value of Y at the fire continues to detect the movement of flame.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2009

Purpose: TiN films were deposited on sus304 by unbalanced magnetron sputtering system which was designed and developed as unbalancing the strength of the magnets in the magnetron electrode. The effect of oxygen incorporation in the fabrication of deposited films was investigated. Methods: The cross sections of deposited films on Silicon wafer were observed by SEM to measure the thickness of the films, the components of the surface of the films were identified by XPS survey spectra, the compositional depth-profile of deposited films was examined by an XPS apparatus. Results: From the data of XPS depth profile of films, it could be seen that the element O as well as the elements Ti and N present in the surface of the film and the relative percentage of the element O was constant at 65 at.% with respect to the depth of film. Conclusions: The color change with thickness of the films had something to do with the change of Ti $ 2p_{3/2}$ peak intensity and shape mixed of $ TiO_2$, TiN, $ TiO_{x}N_{y}$ compound.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.617-625
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• 2013

Stauntonia hexaphylla and Raphiolepis indica, cold-tolerant broadleaved evergreens ranging through the southern region of South Korea, were assessed on salt tolerance with NaCl treatment using visual damage, chlorophyll florescence image, and malondialdehyde (MDA) analysis. As NaCl concentrations increased, the soil pH decreased and EC increased, and the soil of S. hexaphylla was affected more strongly by the treatment than that of R. indica. In visual damage, S. hexaphylla withered above 200 mM NaCl at 20 days after the treatment. All individuals of R. indica survived during the experiment though the leaves of R. indica showed visual damages up to 400 mM NaCl. The color changes in chlorophyll fluorescence showed a strong correlation with the degree of visual damage. As NaCl increased, the red color of the leaves of S. hexaphylla was distinctly changed to blue and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased starting from the margin to the middle of a leaf. R. indica showed subtle color changes and remained in red color during the experiment. At five days after the NaCl treatment, the MDA of S. hexaphylla was above $4.56nmol{\cdot}g^{-1}$ when plants showed the highest visual damage and EC. The MDA of R. indica in all treatments showed below $1.5nmol{\cdot}g^{-1}$ except 400 mM NaCl treatment during the experiment.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.529-537
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a stable scale adaptive tracking method that uses centroids of the target colors. Most scale adaptive tracking methods have utilized histograms to determine target window sizes. However, in certain cases, histograms fail to provide good estimates of target sizes, for example, in the case of occlusion or the appearance of colors in the background that are similar to the target colors. This is due to the fact that histograms are related to the numbers of pixels that correspond to the target colors. Therefore, we propose the use of centroids that correspond to the target colors in the scale adaptation algorithm, since centroids are less sensitive to changes in the number of pixels that correspond to the target colors. Due to the spatial information inherent in centroids, a direct relationship can be established between centroids and the scale of target regions. Generally, after the zooming factors that correspond to all the target colors are calculated, the unreliable zooming factors are filtered out to produce a reliable zooming factor that determines the new scale of the target. Combined with the centroid based tracking algorithm, the proposed scale adaptation method results in a stable scale adaptive tracking algorithm. It tracks objects in a stable way, even when the background colors are similar to the colors of the object.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.870-876
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• 2001

Cordyceps is very famous of its board biological activities and vital function in traditional medicines. Fourdimensional response surface methodology was used for monitering of instant rice gruels. The organolepitc color of instant rice gruel prepared using mushroom and glutinuous rice showed the maximum score in 38.52% rate of glutinous rice 321.46 mL content of added water and 1.30 g content of P. japonica mycelia. The organoleptic taste of instant rice gruel prepared using mushroom and glutinous rice showed the maximum score in 64.86% rate of glutinous rice 270.66 mL content of added water and 2.32 g content of P. japonica mycelia. The organoleptic flavor of instant rice gruel prepared using mushroom and glutinous rice was maximized in 36.75% rate of glutinous rice, 323.40 mL content of added water and 1.42 g content of P. japonica mycelia. The organoleptic mouth-feel of instant rice gruel prepared using mushroom and glutinous rice was maximized in 65.33% rate of glutinous rice 275.37 mL content of added water and 2.41 g content of P. japonica mycelia. The organoleptic overall palatability of instant rice gruel prepared using mushroom and glutinous rice showed the maximum score in 40.94% rate of glutinous rice 352.79 mL content of added water and 1.27 g content of P. japonica mycelia.