• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.299-323
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• 2018

This study confirmed the life career branching points, and studied qualitatively the career strategy and career identity at that time. The participants in this study were three students from third graders of middle school, three ones from third graders of high school, and three before and after college graduation, which correspond to the vertical transition stage of school education. Three participants were selected before and after 30 years of age, three before and after 40 years of age, and three before and after 60 years of age. Subject analysis of the contents of the 18 interviews, showed that the life career branching point appeared in middle school grade 3, high school grade 3, until employment after graduation, within 3 years after entering their first job, early 40 years, 60 years old, and 80 years old. Second, external situations were due to the influence of important others, or external stimuli, environment, and career events. Third, negative emotions were repeated for each life career branching point. Fourth, as a result of the interview, the career identity confusion was repeated in every life career branching point. Fifth, the career strategy at the life career branching point was categorized as an approach strategy and avoidance strategy.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.20
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• pp.141-157
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• 2010

Though the education of culture and art for disabled children is very important, it has not been brisk yet until recently due to 'absence of the teaching methods suitable for disability types, levels and programs.'. In this situation, cartoon contents can be used as the most appropriate tools for culture and art education for mentally retarded children. Entertainment functions and genre features of cartoon contents can motivate the applicable children to participate more voluntarily and positively and function as teaching tools for interesting activities. Of course, since it is not proper to apply the cartoon contents for normal children to Special Education Field as they are, cartoon works should be made by understanding closely the characteristics and degrees of retardation of the applicable children and applying them to the composition of cartoons. However, for the contribution of this attempt to education field, it is thought that concrete guidelines for producing cartoon contents considering the concept of various types of disability, emotion, social behavioral traits, ability of cognition, school achievements, and the characteristics of language and physical health should be necessary, and to improve the application of the developed cartoon contents so that they will not remain as superficial results, sufficient communication with the applicable children such as application to classes in the process of development is necessary.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.55
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• pp.5-32
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• 2011

This paper is a comparative analysis of constitutional decisions in which the Korea Consitutional Court and the United States Supreme Court applied the void for vagueness doctrine into free expression issues. Common aspects are: both courts applied the void for vagueness doctrine on the grounds that vague laws bring chilling effect on freedom of expression. Acknowledging inevitable uncertainties in lawmaking and legal jargons, however, both courts required minimum standards in the void for vagueness doctrine. In the cases where unclear legal meanings resulted in constitutional challenges, both courts adopted the "narrowing construction" by the courts or judges based on average/ordinary person's understanding. The biggest differences between the two constitutional courts are their approach to the degrees of vagueness allowed in free expression cases. The U.S. Supreme Court underscored the necessity of narrowly drawn, reasonable and definite standards. Meanwhile, the Korea Constitutional Court relaxed its standards in some cases such as the National Security Law cases, even though it admitted the possibility of curtailing the right to free expression. The Court reasoned that those laws, though vague, brought with bigger social interests and are necessary tools in dealing with changing world.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the oral health status of elderly under visiting health care and their oral health-related quality of life. The subjects were 300 elderly under visiting health care program over 65 years old in Asan city and they were interviewed. The result showed that average Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) score was 37.36 and the lowest scored question was 'never satisfied with the oral condition'. In GOHAI related to oral health behaviors, unmet dental treatment experience was statistically significant (p<0.001). In overall GOHAI, number of remaining teeth (p<0.001) and the age had statistical significance and men had higher score in pain and discomfort (p<0.05), under age of 74 limited function factors score was high (p<0.01). The number of remaining teeth had statistical significances in most factors except pain and discomfort (p<0.001). The factors affecting GOHAI were age (p<0.05), number of remaining teeth (p<0.001) and perceived health state (p<0.001). In order to improve oral health-related quality of life of elderly receiving visiting oral health care services, it is necessary to increase denture support by securing budgets and developing oral health promotion programs at the local government level.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.256-266
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• 2019

There are many different job skill evaluation scales, but the development of the job skill scale for the workers in the local child care centers has much to be improved. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the job skill scales for the workers of local child care centers. It is also the purpose of this study to specify the scope of work for such workers and define the job skills to develop a tool to evaluate the job skills of them, eventually. As for the study method, the researcher conducted literature review and Delphi survey to extract the job skill factors. Then, after going through a discussion with an expert, the researcher developed the preliminary questions to verify the validity of the contents and the certification validity. For this, a survey was conducted with the workers in local child care centers across the country, and a total of 221 questionnaires have been used for analysis. With this, a total of five job skill factors for such workers were identified, based on which 20 questions were developed to constitute the scale. The sub-factors identified were student supervision, program planning, child education, administrative works, and link-up with the local community. The confidence level of the scale developed in this study was Cronbach ${\alpha}=.940$(N=221). With the scale of the job skills of the workers in local child care centers, it would be possible to develop various job skill programs. And, this would be able to be used for evaluating the job skill levels of not only the workers in the local child care centers but also other child-care service providers.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.174-184
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• 2018

The impact of regulations on industrial activities is significant. Because the food industry has to observe given obligations and bear costs and expenses resulted from complying with applicable food safety regulations. Meanwhile, A government drafts the regulatory impact analysis report prior to enactment, amendment or reinforcement of any regulations. The analysis powered by objective and scientific methodologies enable a government to judge whether a particular regulation will be good or bad for the society. An effective policy implementation in practice and cost-bearing is entirely up to industries. Moreover, opportunity cost and actual cost relating to or arising from regulatory compliance will be estimated only by the respective industries. Therefore, the food Industry needs to collect and accumulate the said information and also to disseminate their hardships and financial burdens. Objective and practical information will encourage a government to set out regulatory frameworks that rational policy making.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2012

Due to the fact that the social environment is improved and the urban development is stabilized, the demand of new construction of apartment becomes slowdown. Accordingly, there are many researches to lengthen the service life of the existing apartment through the remodeling and its importance is continuously rising. However, reliable design specifications and guidelines for the design of remodeling with partial demolition are not provided yet in Korea. Specially, in the apartment remodeling, slab collapse accidents take major portion in all accidents that reported by Korean Government. It is very important to prevent intial crack of slab because intial crack could cause severe accident like collapse of all structure in a short period of time. The purpose of this study is to develop structural guidelines that could guarantee the structural safety and serviceability of slab structure and could be adopted in Korean remodeling with partial demolition. There are mainly two components to determine structural behavior of slab structure. One is the shape of slab structure and the other is load which is resisted by the slab structure. In this study, the weight per unit volume of concrete debris and concrete strength are estimated through the analysis of previous researches to recognize the relationship between the shape of slab and load that loaded on the slab. Accordingly, approximately 300 pieces of floor plan are collected and analyzed. The finite element analysis is conducted using these analyzed and estimated results. From the finite element analysis results, the limited stacking height of debris is suggested and the stacking method is also discussed. In addition, to find the relationship between movement of demolition equipment and structural behavior of slab, the static and dynamic loading tests are conducted. From the results of loading tests, the impact factor which will be considered in the remodeling design could be estimated.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.905-926
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• 2016

Although the concept of the elderly varies depending on scholars and laws, as consumption expenditure is deeply associated with income due to the nature of this study, 55 years old was set as the low limit standard for the elderly according to Prohibition of Discrimination on Age in Employment and Employment Promotion for the Aged Act and the elderly households were limited to single-elderly person household and an elderly couple family household for this study. It is considered consumption characteristics as a significant analysis subject in terms of social welfare because it could be understood as an expressed need which was a reflection of desire. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the consumption characteristics of the elderly households by stereotyping the consumption pattern of the elderly households, and find the determining factors for consumption patterns and thus contribute to the establishment of related policies through the expressed needs of the elderly households. K-means of cluster analysis was performed by putting the consumption expenditure of the elderly households to investigate inherent structural type of consumption pattern of the elderly households, which were the investigation subjects. As a result, four groups were stereotyped and named as below: 'health care-centered type', 'saving-centered type', 'livelihood-centered type', and 'food expenses-centered type' Binary Logistic Regression analysis was used to identify the factors that influence the decision of consumption pattern of the elderly households. The result of study showed that the elderly households faced all different needs and problems and thus there is a need for various approach plans to solve this situation. In particular, although the elderly have been viewed as economically poor people so far, the study showed that there were also kind of prepared households through saving. Overall, livelihoodcentered type accounted for the highest portion and, as a factor that influenced this, marital state and household income played an important role. Therefore, it is considered that more active efforts to increase the income of the elderly households are needed. In addition, age, owning of house and subjective health state were found to also have significant influence. Through these results of the study, the elderly's own improvement of awareness on health, presentation of overall standard for health state of the elderly, securement of the elderly's access to cultural life, and financial management coordination for improvement of quality of life, development and dissemination of jobs suitable for the elderly, and dissemination of communal life household, which is a cooperation residential type, were presented as institutional task in the conclusion.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.1-23
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• 2022

This study examined the perceptions of Myanmar university students and professors regarding the status and necessity of higher education programs in fashion. Data were collected from professors in textile engineering at Yangon Technological University and Myanmar university students. Closed- and open-ended questions were asked either through interviews or by email. The responses were analyzed using keyword extraction and categorization, and descriptive statistics(closed questions). Generally, the professors perceived higher education, as well as the cultural industries including art and fashion, as important for Myanmar's social and economic development. According to the students interests in pursuing a degree in textile were limited, despite the high interest in fashion. Low wages in the apparel industry and lack of fashion degrees that meet the demand of students were cited as reasons. The demand was high for educational programs in fashion product development, fashion design, pattern-making, fashion marketing, branding, management, costume history, and cultural studies. Students expected to find their future career in textiles and clothing factories. Many students wanted to be hired by global fashion brands for higher salaries and training for advanced knowledge and technical skills. They perceived advanced fashion education programs will have various positive effects on Myanmar's national economy.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.260-273
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of married Korean women regarding marriage and childbirth, and their awareness of childbirth-related issues such as low birth rates, sex preferences and sex imbalances in Korea. Methods: A total of 453 married women aged 20 or older were randomly selected from four urban districts and five rural districts out of 25 districts in Gyeongju, a consolidated city located in Gyeongsangbuk-do Province, South Korea. The survey was conducted from December 2005 to February 2006. A total of 392 out of 453 questionnaires(86.5% response rate) were collected, and 44 incomplete questionnaires were excluded, leaving 348 completed questionnaires to be used for data analysis. Age was divided into three groups as below 49, 50-69, 70 or older. Results: Women's perceptions of marriage were associated with age(p<0.01). Perceptions about childbirth were also significantly related to age(p<0.01), type of residential area (p<0.01) and education level(p<0.05). Sex preferences were significantly related to age(p<0.05) and occupation(p<0.01). Of the respondents aged 49 or younger, 34.8% indicated that the ideal number of children is two, while 25.5% of respondents aged 50 to 69 and 15.3% of respondents aged 70 and 33.7% of respondents aged 70 or older considered four children to be the ideal number. Perceptions of sex imbalance were significantly related to socioeconomic status(p<0.01) and occupation(p<0.01). The largest number of respondents cited "economic burden" as the main reason for low birth rates. Multiple logistic regressions were performed for all three age groups using male sex preference as the dependent variable under the assumption that respondents can have only a single child. Socioeconomic status (p<0.01) and residential area (p<0.05) were significant variables for those aged 49 or below. Education level(p<0.05) and residential area (p<0.01) were statistically significant variables on preferring son in case of having only one child for respondents aged 50 to 69. We did not detect any significant independent variables in respondents who were 70 or older. Conclusions: Our results highlight the necessity of developing policies and public education programs to explain the consequences of low birth rates and sex imbalances in Korea. As increasing numbers of women work outside the home, it is important for the government and employers to provide social and working environments where women do not consider marriage and childbirth to be obstacles to social and business activities.