• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2016

Concrete exposed to severely low temperature below $-20^{\circ}C$ should be provided with proper heat supplying curing to protect the concrete from early frost damage at the time of pouring.meanwhile, so far, effective heat curingmethods of the concrete under severely low temperature are not well established in Korea. For this reason, the objective of this paper is to provide effective heat curingmethod of concrete exposed to severely low temperature to protect early frost damage by varying the combination of heat curingmaterial combinations. Temperature history,maturity development and core strength results are investigated. Fourmock-up specimens simulating slab, wall and column were prepared and heat insulation, heat supplying and both were applied. Test results indicate that the combination of quadruple layer bubble sheet(4BS) and embedding of heating cable has desirable performance for a slab, and heat supplying curing inside heat enclosure and heat generationmat also shows desirable performance for a wall, and for a column, use of EPS heat insulation has proper performance against early frost damage, which reaches $45^{\circ}D{\cdot}D$ and helps the concretemaintain above $0^{\circ}C$ within 3 days. Themethodsmentioned above are believed to be optimum protection from early frost damage of the concrete under $-20^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.255-256
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• 2011

This study investigates the effect of a curing condition on the temperature history and strength development of concrete under -10℃. Combination of various curing methods was applied, i.e. a conventional form was combined with compressed insulation, heat panel and heat cable. Results showed that the concrete cured by a single use of a conventional form resulted in serious deterioration of early strength development. However, other concretes cured by the proposed curing methods maintained the temperature of the concretes between 5 and 20℃, and thus resulted in no frost damage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.77-78
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• 2017

In this study, the effect of insulation curing for mass concrete wall according to thickness and curing period was evaluated by thermal analysis.

• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.41-49
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• 2011

양북터널은 굴착과 동시에 라이닝콘크리트를 타설하였다. 터널굴착과 라이닝콘크리트의 동시시공을 위한 적정시공 Cycle을 결정하고, 이에 따른 양생기간과 양생온도를 설정하는 순으로 시험하였다. 라이닝콘크리트는 품질관리를 위해 보온장치를 탑재한 Sliding form과 양생대차를 운영하고, 균열을 최소화하기 위해 양생온도와 양생시간 및 탈형강도 등을 시험에 의해 결정하였다. 시험과정은 터널내부와 라이닝콘크리트 내부온도를 계절별로 측정하고, 양생온도별로 콘크리트의 강도를 측정하였다. 거푸집 탈형시 콘크리트 온도가 터널내부의 온도로 수렴하기까지는 $15{\sim}20^{\circ}C$의 차이로 측정되었고, 거푸집 탈형을 위한 콘크리트 초기강도 4MPa을 발현하는데는 양생온도에 따라 차이가 발생하지만 시공 Cycle에 적합한 양생시간은 약 20시간이고, 이 때의 양생온도는 $23^{\circ}C$ 이상이었다. 위의 시험결과대로 현장에서 라이닝콘크리트를 양생한 결과 시공 Cycle과 압축강도 및 콘크리트면의 외관 등이 만족한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.1001-1004
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• 2008

This study reviewed the results of utilization of insulation heat curing method using double layer bubble sheet in slab concrete and mass concrete in cold weather environment. First of all, when double layer bubble sheets are applied, it was shown that slab concrete was protected from early freezing by remaining between 6 and $10^{\circ}C$ even in case outside temperature drops $10^{\circ}C$ below zero until the 2nd day from piling, and in the case of mass concrete, with the maximum temperature difference between the center and surface less than $6^{\circ}C$, crack occurrence index was close to 2 and no hydration heat crack occurred by internal constraint. The insulation heat preservation curing method using the double bubble sheet applied in this field prevented early freezing owing to stable curing temperature management, deterring concrete strength development delay at low temperature, and obtained the needed strength. Also, it was proven that the method is highly effective and economic for cold weather concrete quality maintenance through curing cost reduction like construction period shortening and labor cost reduction, etc by reducing the process of temporary equipment installation and disassembling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.21-23
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• 2010

This study was conducted to draw various decisive elements of a reasonable heat curing method and to examine the importance in deciding a construction method when constructing cold weather concrete. As a result, the items proposed as important elements at the time of decision of a heat curing method included economy, workability, maintainability, insulation capability, reduced construction period and usability. As a result of importance by items under AHP technique, it was found the most important element was insulation capability, followed by reduced construction period and workability. As a result of comparison of a heat supplying and a heat insulation method by dual bubble sheet differed 2 times as much as a heat supplying method, especially the evaluation degree by insulation capability and reduced construction period was high.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.131-132
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• 2023

In this paper, standard specification of heat curing section of cold weather concrete between Korea and China were compared. First, Korea concrete specification (KCS 14 20 40) stipulates that the application period is less than 4℃ per day or less than 0℃ per day right after pouring, but in China, the outdoor daily average temperature is less than 5℃ for five consecutive days. This is believed to be due to the difference in temperatures between Korea and China in winter. Next, in the case of Korea, KCS do not show that the concrete temperature in curing should be 5℃ or higher to prevent early frost damage and obtain the minimum required compressive strength. On the other hand, in the case of China, the specificaion does not show that the curing method is selected based on the concrete surface coefficient after considering the outdoor temperature. In addition, in Korea and China regulation, the temperature of the space during thermal curing was shown to be similar.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.6 no.1 s.20
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

In the harbor construction work, caisson is made by slip-form method and curing temperature of caisson concrete need heating in the low-temperature. To get the setting time and compression strength of slip-form method applied caisson at various curing temperature. The curing temperature is divided to the temperature of slip-form and the temperature of second curing curtain. In consideration of setting time, compression strength of concrete and form-removal time, the best temperature is $25^{\circ}C$ at 6 hours slip-form curing time.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.18 no.6 s.95
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• pp.51-59
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.83-85
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• 2011

This study investigated the results of insulation heat curing method using double layer bubble sheet in concrete in cold weather environment. First of all, when double bubble sheets are applied, it was shown that concrete was protected from early freezing by remaining between 7℃ and 3℃ even in case outside temperature drops -7℃ below zero until the 3d day from piling. The insulation heat preservation curing method using the double bubble sheet applied in this field prevented early freezing owing to stable curing temperature management, deterring concrete strength development delay at low temperature, and obtained the needed strength. Also, it was proven that the method is highly effective and economic for cold weather concrete quality maintenance through curing cost reduction like construction period shortening and labor cost reduction, etc by reducing the process of temporary equipment installation and disassembling.