• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.137-161
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• 2011

This paper deals with modal shift projects and policy of modal shift services at home and abroad. This study aims to review the results of foreign modal projects in advanced countries and to suggest policy directions for promoting modal shift services in Korea. This paper consists of three main sections: concept of modal shift policy; analysis of modal shift projects and policy at home and abroad; policy directions of modal shift services in Korea. In recent years, shippers who shift mode from truck to rail or coastal shipping are subsidized by the government. The government intends to encourage modal shift services of shippers, as shown in the example of Marco Polo in EU. It is identified that the government should devise effective policy for the successful implementation of truck-rail modal shift in Korea. It is suggested that the policy goal of modal shift must be clear and its attainment is feasible in order to promote modal shift services here. It also turns out that indirect supply policy works better than direct one. Freight transport environments differ between countries. It, thus, hard to directly apply foreign policies to Korea's freight transport field. Korea is at an inceptive stage of exploring foreign modal shift policies and promoting modal shift services in Korea. We will gain from the wide range of case studies, which analyze the modal shift successes and failures experienced by advanced countries. It is necessary to use them with care.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.243-246
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• 2008

목질계 바이오매스 가스화 발전에 있어서는 가스화 가스중에 함유되어있는 타르를 가능한 한 가연성 가스로 전환하여 냉가스효율을 향상시키는 것 및 잔유하는 타르는 후단기기에 악영향을 초래할 우려가 있기 때문에 타르를 저감 제거하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 공기 수증기를 사용하여 타르개질 프로세스의 개선을 위해서 타르에서 가스성분으로의 전환에 관한 개질 실험을 실시하여 Wood chip 타르의 열분해 개질 생성물 거동에 대하여 검토하였다. Wood chip 열분해로 생성된 타르의 원소분석 및 $^1H$ NMR분석의 결과로 타르를 치환기를 가지지 않는 방향족, alkyl-기를 가지는 방향족, 산소 함유 방향족, 지방족의 4개로 분류하였다. 개질제에 의해 경질 타르, 중질 타르 모두 감소하였다. 개질 공기는 타르를 연소시키지만 그 속도는 가연성 가스와 경합하고 $900^{\circ}C$에서는 타르의 연소는 나타나지 않았다. alkyl-기를 가지는 방향족은 메탄과 치환기를 가지지 않는 방향족으로 전환되고, 치환기를 가지지 않는 방향족은 수소와 soot로 전환되고, 산소 함유 방향족은 일산화탄소와 치환기를 가지지 않는 방향족으로 전환되는 것을 알았다. 또한, 개질제에 의해alkyl-기를 가지는 방향족, 치환기를 가지지 않는 방향족, 산소 함유방향족 모두가 일산화탄소,이산화탄소로 전환되는 것을 알았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.182-187
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• 2008

It needs to consider of turns during a path-finding on real road network. traveling on real road network, it generally takes less travel time in a more straight path than a zig-zaged path with same source and destination. In this paper, we propose $VTA^*$ algorithm that can reduce the cost of exploring despite increasing the number of turn in comparing with $TA^*$ algorithm. We have implement the proposed $VTA^*$, $TA^*$ which consider the number of turn and a traditional $A^*$ algorithm which dosen't consider the number of turn. The experimental result shows that the cost of exploring is reduced by 7.31 % comparing with $TA^*$ and the number of turn is reduced by 27.95% comparing with $A^*$ approximately.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

The transformation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons using zeolite catalysts play big part in the current petrochemical industry. Here we review recent advances in the understanding of the reaction mechanisms of various alkylaromatic conversions with respect to the structural and physicochemical properties of zeolite catalysts employed. Indeed, the shape-selective nature of zeolite catalysts determines the type of reaction intermediates and hence the prevailing reaction mechanism together with the product distribution. The prospect of zeolite catalysis in the developement of more efficient petrochemical processes is also described.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.271-275
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• 2022

This study analyzed the characteristics that affect the direction change of public fitness in the current COVID-19 situation. As a result of the study, if public and active fitness-related awareness is strengthened and fitness places require a transition from outdoor fitness to home training, fitness activities require a transition from offline fitness to offline + online sports fitness, and finally, in the case of fitness equipment, there is an increase in demand for home training. Based on these characteristics, this study is expected to help the entire nation achieve athletic life and a healthy society by presenting its course of action on the change of direction of popular movement.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.2626-2631
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• 2011

CST(C-shape sharp turn) represented the motion whereby fish bend their tail quickly in a C-shape to achieve an emergent changing of its swimming direction on fish swimming. But there is not yet the general motion trajectory functions related to CST. In this paper, we proposed the very simple motion functions related to CST sequence recorded from a real fish by biologists. Through the computer simulations, we confirmed the usefulness of the proposed function.

• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• no.10 s.20
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• pp.6-12
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• 1982

1.문제의 제기2.석유류가격의 구조분석 1)단계별 사격형성과정2)공장도가격의 결정요인 3.석규류가격의 국제비교 1)가격정책비교2)국별가격비교3)국내가격수준의 평가4.석유류가격정책의 전환방향 1)유가자율화실시의 타당성 2)유가자율화 실시에 따른 난제 3)합리적인 가격정책방향

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.323-326
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• 2007

When traveling on real road network, it generally takes less travel time in a near straight path than a zig-zaged path with same source and destination. In order to making a left(right/u) turn, the delay should be required to decrease the speed. The traffic signal waiting time of left(right/u) turn is probably longer than straight driving. In this paper, we revise the previous hierarchical path finding algorithm to reduce the number of turns. The algorithm proposed in this paper complied with a hierarchical $A^*$ algorithm, but has a distinct strategy for edge weight. We define an edge that makes a turn as a turn-edge and give the turn-edge lower weight to maintain the straightness of the whole path.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2022

Digital transformation refers to the economic and social effects of digitisation and digitalisation. Although digital transformation acts as a useful tool for economic/social development and enhancing the convenience of life, it can have negative effects (misuse of personal information, ethical problems, deepening social gaps, etc.). The government is actively establishing policies to promote digital transformation to secure competitiveness and technological hegemony, however, understanding of digital transformation-related risk issues and implementing policies to prevent them are relatively slow. Thus, this study systematically identifies risk issues of the future society that can be caused by digital transformation based on quantitative analysis of media articles big data through the Embedded Topic Modeling method. Specifically, first, detailed issues of negative effects of digital transformation in major countries were identified. Then detailed issues of negative effects of artificial intelligence in major countries and Korea were identified. Further, by synthesizing the results, future direction of the government's digital transformation policies for responding the negative effects was proposed. The policy implications are as follows. First, since the negative effects of digital transformation does not only affect technological fields but also affect the overall society, such as national security, social issues, and fairness issues. Therefore, the government should not only promote the positive functions of digital transformation, but also prepare policies to counter the negative functions of digital transformation. Second, the detailed issues of future social risks of digital transformation appear differently depending on contexts, so the government should establish a policy to respond to the negative effects of digital transformation in consideration of the national and social context. Third, the government should set a major direction for responding negative effects of digital transformation to minimize confusion among stakeholders, and prepare effective policy measures.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.89-116
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• 2014

Socially-oriented R&D programs aimed at solving societal problem rather than scientific and industrial fruits have started recently. Societal problem is recognized as dilemma since this problem related to various stakeholders. And this is not solved with single program and needed long-term process. So the perspective of socio-technical system transition including technological and institutional change is needed. This paper suggests policy implication of Socially-oriented R&D programs from socio-technical system transition perspective. 'Transitioning of Socially-oriented R&D program' is the key concept of restructuring the program for the system transition. The establishment of multi-layer transition governance and the transition vision-making and transition experiment planning are the key process of transitioning the R&D program. This paper suggests the ways and issues of implementing this process in Socially-oriented R&D program.