• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.353-359
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• 2011

This study was designed to identify a subjective symptom level by Indoor air according to ventilation system in Dental Clinic. The number of respondents was 582 who work in dental clinic and period of investigation was October 2010 through January 2011. A structured questionnaire was employed to evaluate the level of participants' sociodemographics, job-related factors, work place condition, a subjective symptom. Most of respondents were answered that time for symptom to begin was at around 2 P.M. and time for symptom to feel serve pain was at around 3 P.M. and ventilation frequency per a day was often in case of individual cooling and heating system. More often natural ventilation and in case of individual cooling and heating system, the level of subject symptom was low and multiple regression analysis has found that indoor air quality related elements were main factors that influence to the feeling of satisfaction in work place. The results of this study suggest that more often natural ventilation was very important to reduce the level of subjective symptom. Thus, a management program for indoor air quality is strongly recommended by natural ventilation, maintenance man for promotion of quality of life in dental hygienist and to improve dental service and competitiveness.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study is to analyze satisfaction with clinical training in the department of oriental rehabilitation medicine and the related factors. Methods : All the students in the graduating class of school of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University must be trained for 2 weeks in the department of oriental rehabilitation medicine according to clinical training guideline including Objective Structured Clinical Examination(OSCE) and Clinical Performance Examination (CPX). After completing clinical training, we distributed questionaries to them about a reflex of the object of study, usefulness, difficulty, satisfaction and preference. And then, we analyzed the related factors including descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and correlation analysis by SPSS 18.0. Results : In general, a reflex of the aim of study($7.88{\pm}1.31$), satisfaction with contents($8.17{\pm}1.20$) and difficulty($5.53{\pm}0.99$) were evaluated respectively. The better a reflex of the aim of study is, the higher satisfaction with contents is(P<0.01, r=0.836). Chuna was highly estimated, whereas pharmacopuncture was not. In OSCE, a reflex of the aim of study($8.07{\pm}1.07$) and usefulness($8.13{\pm}1.16$) were highly evaluated. The preference for physical examination of the lumbar spine was highly estimated, whereas applying splint was not. Facilities and equipment($7.88{\pm}1.11$), contents of clinical training($7.25{\pm}1.79$), the handout($7.00{\pm}1.59$) and time scheduling($5.48{\pm}1.71$) were evaluated respectively in general composition of clinical training. There is no difference related to specialty, sex and age among students. Conclusions : Clinical training program in the department of oriental rehabilitation medicine can be highly estimated from the viewpoint of difficulty and satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4917-4926
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• 2012

This study was designed to assess the factor of influence to occupational stress who work in the field of firefighters and questionnaire was uesd to analyse the stress scores and find the primary factors influence to occupational stress. The number of respondents were 408 who received the refresher training and period of investigation was august 2011 through october 2011. A structured questionnaire was employed to evaluate the participants' socio-demographics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, occupational stress, reaction factor (fatigue, job satisfaction) and buffer factor (social support). Occupational stress and fatigue were assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF) and the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS), respectively. The analysis showed that we found a strong correlation between fatigue, job satisfaction and occupational stress. Occupational stress was associated with an increased risk of fatigue and decreased the job satisfaction. In the multiple regression analysis(stepwise), main factor that influence to occupational stress were job satisfaction, gender, age, processing number for a day, exercise. In logistic regression analyses, a higher occupational stress was associated with higher odds of fatigue(High) and the odds was down by 15.0% after adjustment for job satisfaction, gender, age, processing number for a day, exercise. Thus, a job satisfaction promote program for the reduction of occupational stress and the promotion of firefighters's health is strongly recommended.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2001

Purpose: We are going to establish the efficacy of endoscopic examinations in diagnosing and treating upper GI bleeding in full term neonates. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed newborns who underwent endoscopic examination because of hematemesis from July 1998 to April 2001. Results: Gestational ages were between 38 and 41weeks, and birth weights were between 2,730 and 3,400 gm. Total of 9 patients were reviewed. Endoscopic examination revealed gastric ulcer in 6 cases, multiple erosions in 2 cases and negative finding in 1 case. All 6 gastric ulcers were multiple and among them 2 patients endoscopic hemostatic therapy. No complication due to the procedure was noticed. Five patients recieved transfusions. All 9 cases were cured through conservative and endoscopic therapy without recurrence. Conclusion: The common cause of upper GI hemorrhage in newborns with no preceding disease turns out to be multiple gastric ulcers and the prognosis is good. The endoscopic approach is useful in diagnosing and treating upper GI bleeding in newborns.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.21-34
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of maternal parenting efficacy and emotional expression on infant's social emotional development. Methods: The subjects of this study were 269 infants and their mothers who attended day care centers in G district of S city and the data was collected by survey. The collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test and ANONA test using SPSS 16.0 program, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test by post test, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: First, parenting efficacy, emotional expressiveness, and social emotional development of infants showed differences according to age, participation time, and academic background. Parenting efficacy showed a significant difference in age and parenting time, and emotional expressiveness showed significant difference in education and parenting time. Infant's social emotional development showed a significant difference in educational attainment and parenting time. Second, maternal parenting efficacy and emotional expressiveness were found to have an influence on infant's social emotional development. Conclusion/Implications: Maternal parenting efficacy and emotional expressiveness seem to influence the development of social emotions in infants, and these results suggest that, in order to grow the children healthy in social, emotional aspect, various education programs which could improve parenting efficacy and positive emotional expression are necessary.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2007

Purpose: This study focused on analysing the performance and the perception of importance about workload of ambulatory nurses and nurse-aides for quality of nursing. Method: The subjects of this study were 126 ambulatory nurses and 117 nurse-aides in 6 secondary and 4 tertiary hospitals. The method of data collection was used the questionnaire. Result: As a result, First, nurses' activities that the performance score is above 3.0 are reception, guidance, reservation, confirm, checking medical record, operating report, explanation of disease, explanation of examination discuss with medical part, discuss with supporting part, solving patient problem environment management, and paper work. And the other side, those of nurse-aides are reception, guidance, reservation, preparation for clinic, assistant for clinic, preparation for examination, material transfer & receipt, confirm, checking medical record, and arrangement. Second, nurses-aids perceive above 3.0 performance score activities to be important for themselves. Finally, nurses perceive three categories of patient education/counselling, patient advocacy and quality improvement to be more important and higher performance when compared with nurse-aides. Conclusions: Ambulatory nurse's important nursing activities are therapeutic care, patient education/counselling, patient advocacy, communication, personal management, quality improvement.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1111-1120
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of social support intervention on mood and maternal confidence of premature's mothers. The social support intervention is known to induce improved mood state and provide information on caretaking so as to increase the maternal confidence in the mother of a premature. To systematically investigate its effect, this study employed a nonequivalent randomized post-repeated quasi-experimental design. The intervention was given individually to mothers of prematures five times spanning five weeks. The sample consisted of the 50 mothers (experimental 27, control 23) of a premature. The data were collected using the structured questionaires twice as post tests. Various instruments were used in this study. The POMS developed by Lee(1990) was used to measure the mothers' mood state, Mother and Baby Scales by Wolke et al (1987). The results are as follows: 1. For the hypothesis test to see the effect of the social support intervention, the mean of the experimental group and the control group was compared by means of t-test and the following results are obtained. Hypothesis I. "The mood state of mothers with social support intervention is more positive than that of the mothers without such intervention." was not statistically supported and thus discarded (t=.799, p=.429). However the mean scores were 49.68 and 51.38 for the experimantal and control group, respectively, indicating more positive mood for the experimental group. Hypothesis II. "The maternal confidence of mothers with social support intervention is higher than that of the mothers without the tervention." was statistically supported (t=3.667, p=.001). 2. The mean score of the mood state was highest before discharge (52.29), meaning most negative, declined to 49.68 shortly after the discharge, again increased a bit to 50.07 at four weeks after the discharge, and stabilized to 49.22 around six weeks after the discharge. On the other hand the mean score of the maternal confidence was continuously increased with time. In view of the above results, it is concluded that the social support intervention with a preprogrammed protocol has the definite positive effect on increasing the maternal confidence and positive effect on improving mother's mood state.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1991

This experiment was aimed to develop possible methods to control the maturity of grape berries through the application of exogenous plant growth substances and physical treatments such as defoliation or girdling. 1. Chlormequat and paclobutrazol increased anthocyanin but did not affect soluble solids contents and maturity. Girdling enhanced maturation and solids accumulation whereas defoliation delayed maturity. Solids content of berries in defoliation treatment did not reach to the level of other treatments even when fully ripened. 2. Ripening of grapes is greatly delayed for 20 to 30 days by the application of auxins (2,4-D and fenoprop) compared to the untreated control. Uneven ripening of berries in those clusters was observed when the concentration of auxin was over 50 ppm. Thus, about 30% of berries remained green until the normal berries were overripened. 3. Gibberellin did not affect the maturity of grape berries but maturity was greatly delayed when GA was applied with auxins. Also, uneven coloration between berries was observed such as in the application of auxin alone. 4. Ethephon application combinded with calcium at veraison showed no effect on berry ripening but increased anthocaynin contents. It can be concluded that harvest time of 'Campbell Early' grapes can be effectively extended by delaying the maturity through the application of auxin.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 2006

This study was investigated from April 3, to May 30th 2006. The Target was a part preschool children of Gyeong-Ju City. The total of participants was 201 persons and the component ratio was in 4 and 5 and 6 and year old children by the male 102, and female 99. They answered preschool children and mothers' to the question sheet by writing out with hands. The results were follow; 1. The most popular snack to frequency of between-meal intake a weekly 54.2%, the most popular fruit to frequency of between-meal a every day over 60.2%, the most popular milk to every day lover80.1%. 2. Societye-conomy mothers' following to frequency of between-meal intake the preschool children drinking to mothers' age the investigated(< 0.001), The milk to frequency of between-meal intake by mothers' had a job and had a not job the investigated(p < 0.05). 3. Frequency of between-meal intake the most popular by mothers' educational level was higher, mothers' had a job was higher than that in preschool children mothers' had not a job, mothers' age the 31-39 the most frequency of between-meal the higher the investigated.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.437-442
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• 2012

The current research examines the aching part and the muscle activity that happens during scaling practice subject to 20 dental hygienic students and therefore propose a basic data according to the working attitude of the Dental Hygienist. During the scaling we used the free EMG (BTS Inc., Milan, Italy) to measure the muscle activity, and in order to check the musculoskeletal pain area we used the Nordic-style questionnaire, and the measured research results are as following: At the moment of scaling according to posture the occurrence of the pain showed no difference among the groups elbow, back, leg, knee, ankle/foot but in the neck, shoulder, wrist/hand, waist showed a high difference in the degree of pain according to posture. Results from measuring the muscular activity according to posture, in the group that had a good posture, the trapezius and brachial muscles showed a change according to time, and in the group that had a bad posture a high muscle activity was shown in larynx, trapezius and brachial muscles. In the muscle activity, the changing aspect between the two parts, the group that fulfilled a scaling in a good posture showed a low muscle activity, but in the group that fulfilled the scaling in a bad posture the muscle activity increased excessively. Therefore we examined that when fulfilling a scaling maintaining a bad posture can help in using more effectively the activity of the muscle, in the future I think there is a need to raise the office efficiency by subjecting to dental hyginiest that are in the clinics and performing experiments.