• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 1997

Bacillus licheniformis 9945a releases a natural ${\gamma}-poly(glutamic\;acid)({\gamma}-PGA)$ into fermentation broth and shows a mucoid phenotype on the solid agar medium. Transformation of mucoid cells of Bacillus species has not been simple and straightforward. The transpositional activity of Tn10 in B. licheniformis also has not been own either. Thus, a spontaneous non-mucoid derivative of the B. licheniformis was obtained first. Shuttle vector pHV1248 containing mini-Tn10 was introduced into the non-mucoid derivative by the method of protoplast transformation. The resulting transformant was reverted to the wild mucoid phenotype, and then mutated randomly with the mini-transposon by heat induction. Auxotrophs requiring arginine, lysine, or tryptophan were isolated by replica plating method. Southern blotting and DNA-DNA hybridzation analysis showed that these auxotrophs were generated by mini-Tn10 insertion into the chromosomal DNA. This method of transformation and mutation using pHV1248 would be useful for the generation of diverse mutants of B. licheniformis 9945a.(Received January 24,1997; accepted March 10, 1997)

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2008

As the innovative IT are being developed and applied in the e-business environment, firms are recognizing the fact that amount of customer information is providing care competitive edge. However, sensitive privacy information are abused and misused, and it is affecting the firms to require appropriate measures to protect privacy information and implement security techniques to safeguard carparate resources. This research analyzes the threat of privacy information exposure in the e-business environment, suggest the IPM-Trusted Privacy Policy Model in order to resolve the related problem, and examines 4 key mechanisms (CAM, SPM, RBAC Controller, OCM) focused on privacy protection. The model is analyzed and designed to enable access management and control by assigning user access rights based on privacy information policy and procedures in the e-business environment. Further, this research suggests practical use areas by applying TPM to CRM in e-business environment.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.231-234
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• 2011

This study was performed to develop new Hypsizygus marmoreus cultivars that have enhanced functional materials and improved physiological characteristics with mutagenesis by gamma ray irradiation. Protoplasts of H. marmoreus brown strain HYM-056 were irradiated by gamma ray for mutagenesis, and then 2,000 clones of mutants were randomly selected and the fruiting bodies were induced by bottle culture. Among them, 157 isolates with fast-growing, heavy and many fruiting body-producing were selected. The isolates were cultured in plastic bottle containing rice bran, barley hulls and fir sawdust to form the fruiting bodies. About 100 days after inoculation, characteristic of fruiting bodies were investigated. The isolates were divided into 6 groups based on color, shape and size of pileus, and length, diameter, number and weight of stipe. In addition, the genetic variation of the isolates was analyzed by URP-PCR fingerprinting.

• The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.215-216
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• 2018

위암의 발병률이 감소하고 있기는 하지만 전 세계적으로 여전히 연 100만 명 이상이 새롭게 위암으로 진단되고 있으며, 앞으로 향후 몇십 년 동안은 인구의 고령화로 인하여 위암에 대한 사회적 경제적 부담이 줄어들지 않을 것으로 추측된다. 최근 메타분석에서 Helicobacter pylori 제균 치료가 위암발병을 33~47% 감소시킨다고 보고하였으나, 중국에서 시행된 무작위 대조 연구에서는 제균 치료가 위암의 전구 병변 감소에 도움이 되지 않았다고 보고하고 있어 위축성 위염이나 장상피화생을 동반한 경우 제균 치료가 위암 예방에 큰 도움이 되지 않을 수 있음을 제시하고 있다. 그렇다면 위축성 위염이 있는 경우가 많은 고령 환자에서는 과연 헬리코박터 제균 치료가 도움이 될 것인가? 저자들은 빅데이터 분석을 통해 헬리코박터 제균 치료가 위암 발병에 미치는 영향을 성별과 연령에 따라 분석하였다. 2003년부터 2012년까지 'Hospital Authority'에 등록된 clarithromycin 포함 3제 요법을 받은 환자들에서의 위암 발생률과 2003년부터 2013년까지 'Hong Kong Cancer Registry'에 등록된 성별과 연령이 일치된 대조군에서의 위암기대 발생률(expected incidence)을 비교하였다. 3제 요법을 받은 73,237명의 환자들을 확인하였을 때, 평균 7.6년의 추적기간 중 200명(0.27%)에서 위암이 발생하였다. 연령에 따라 40세 미만, 40~59세, 60세 이상의 그룹으로 나누어 각각 위암발생률을 대조군과 비교한 결과 60세 이상 환자군에서만 standardized incidence ratio (SIR)가 0.82로 감소하였다. 치료 성공여부에 따라 위암 발생률을 분석하였을 때, 제균 치료에 성공한 60세 이상 군에서 SIR이 0.78로 감소하였으나 재 치료를 받은 40~59세 군에서는 SIR이 2.43으로 증가하였다. 제균 치료시점이 위암 발생률에 미치는 영향으로는 제균 치료 후 10년 미만에서의 위암 발생률에는 큰 영향이 없었으나 10년 이상 경과한 경우 60세 이상 군과 40~59세 군에서의 위암 발병률이 대조군의 위암 예측 발병률보다 낮았다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2024

In this research, we propose a Semi-Supervised learning based railroad surface defect detection method. The Resnet50 model, pretrained on ImageNet, was employed for the training. Data without labels are randomly selected, and then labeled to train the ResNet50 model. The trained model is used to predict the results of the remaining unlabeled training data. The predicted values exceeding a certain threshold are selected, sorted in descending order, and added to the training data. Pseudo-labeling is performed based on the class with the highest probability during this process. An experiment was conducted to assess the overall class classification performance based on the initial number of labeled data. The results showed an accuracy of 98% at best with less than 10% labeled training data compared to the overall training data.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.324-331
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• 2007

Age and growth of the robust tonguefish, Cynoglossus robustus were estimated using scale of 353 fish specimens from February, 2004 to December, 2005 in the Southern Sea of Korea. Marginal increment of the scale formed annual rings from October to November at the beginning of autumn season. In the relationship between total length and body weight, a multiplicative error structure was assumed because variability in growth increased as a function of the length, and the estimated equation was $BW=0.0013TL^{3.399}$ ($R^2=0.916$). The relative growth as body weight at total length has significant difference between females and males (p<0.05). For describing growth of the robust tonguefish, C. robustus a von Bertalanffy growth model was adopted. The von Betalanffy growth curve had a additive error structure and the growth parameters estimated from Walford method were $L_{\infty}=43.77cm$, K=0.186/year and $t_0=-2.295year$. Growth at age of females and males shows no significant difference (P>0.05).

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.359-371
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• 2017

This study generated flood time series of ungauged catchments in the Andongdam catchment using a distributed rainfall-runoff model and data generation method, and extracted the peak flows of 50 catchments to investigate the effect of rainfall spatial variability on peak flow simulation. The model performance statistics for three gauged catchments were reasonable for all events. The flood time series of the 50 catchments were generated using distributed and mean rainfall time series as input. The distribution of the peak flow using the mean rainfall was similar or slightly different to that using the distributed rainfall when the distribution of the distributed rainfall was nearly uniform. However, the distribution of the peak flow using the mean rainfall was reduced significantly compared to that using the distributed rainfall when actual storms moved to the top or bottom of the study catchment, or the rainfall was randomly distributed. These cases were 35% of total number events. Therefore, the spatial variability of rainfall should be considered for flood simulation. In addition, the power law relationship estimated using the peak flow of gauged catchments cannot be used for estimating the peak flow of ungauged independent catchments due to latter's significant variation of the peak flow magnitude.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.361-361
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• 2018

강우패턴이 유출반응에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것은 수문연구에서 중요한 주제 중 하나이며 댐유역에 대해 기상 및 유출자료를 사용하여 이를 상세히 분석함으로써 이수기에 필요한 수자원을 예측 및 확보하는 것은 중요하다. 강우패턴이 유출반응에 미치는 영향을 상세히 분석하기 위해서는 댐유역의 상류부터 하류까지 많은 유출관측지점의 자료를 사용해야 하지만 상류의 소유역들은 대부분 미계측유역이라는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 자료공간확장 방법을 사용하여 미계측유역의 유출자료를 생성하고 이 자료들을 분석함으로써 강우패턴이 유출반응에 미치는 영향을 자세히 분석하였다. 먼저 안동댐유역내 관측유역인 안동댐, 도산, 소천유역을 대상으로 1989년부터 2009년까지의 기간 중 20개의 사상에 대하여 분포형 모형인 GRM 모형의 적용성을 조사하였으며 전반적으로 0.5 Nash-Sutcliffe 계수 이상의 타당한 모형효율성 결과를 얻었다. 그 후 자료공간확장 방법을 사용하여 안동댐 상류에 위치한 47개의 미계측 소유역들의 유출자료를 생성하였으며 세 관측유역을 포함한 총 50개 유역의 유출자료를 연구에 사용하였다. 그리고 총 50개 유역의 평균강우량 시계열 자료를 생성하고 이동평균방법을 사용하여 이 평균강우량 자료를 강우강도-지속시간 곡선으로 변환하였다. 강우패턴과 유출반응간의 관계를 분석하기 위해 합리식의 유출계수와 강우강도비율을 사용하였으며 유출계수와 강우강도비율을 계산하기 위해 유역별 도달시간을 사용하였다. 여기서 강우강도비율은 강우강도지속시간 곡선을 사용하여 첨두강우강도를 도달시간에 해당하는 평균강우강도로 나눠준 값이다. 그리고 이 유출계수와 강우강도비율을 유역면적에 대해 도시함으로써 그 경향을 조사하였다. 그 결과 20개 사상은 유출계수, 강우강도비율과 유역면적을 사용하여 물리적으로 타당한 네 가지의 타입으로 분류될 수 있었다. 이 네 가지 타입은 강우의 이동 및 분포와 상관이 있었는데 첫번째 타입은 안동댐 유역전체에 강우가 거의 등분포하는 경우, 두 번째는 강우가 유역의 상류방향으로 이동하는 경우, 세 번째는 강우가 유역의 하류방향으로 이동하는 경우, 그리고 네 번째는 강우가 유역에 무작위로 분포하는 경우였다. 이것은 어떠한 사상에 대해서도 유출계수와 강우강도비율을 유역면적에 대해 도시함으로써 강우패턴과 유출간의 관계를 분석할 수 있다는 것을 나타낸다. 그리고 이 네 가지 타입에 대한 강우사상들의 비율은 각각 65%, 20%, 10%, 그리고 5% 였다. 이 타입별 강우사상의 비율은 향후 강우-유출관계에 의한 수자원 예측 및 확보에 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.119-126
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of task oriented training on motor and cognitive function recovery in rats with induced Alzheimer's dementia. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a control group (n=15) and an experimental group (n=15). Training was given three times a week, for 20 minutes a session for 4 weeks. The cognitive and motor functions of the rats were evaluated by an eight arm radial maze test and ladder rung walk test. The eight arm radial maze test showed significant differences between groups according to the time of day 14 and 28 (p<.001). The difference in measured values according to the timing of the two groups was significant (p<.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference between the time and the group interaction (p<.001). The ladder rung walk test showed significant differences between groups according to the time of day 14 and 28 (p<.001). The difference in the measured values according to the timing of the two groups was significant (p<.001), and there was a significant difference between the time and the group interaction (p<.001). As a result, task oriented training for Alzheimer's dementia rats was found to have a positive effect on recovery of motor and cognitive function.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.188-196
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate pediatric emergency department visits patterns and characteristics of children and adolescents under the age of 20 in South Korea from 2002 to 2015 due to dental conditions. This study used a stratified sample of approximately 1 million people from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Database. The age, region, household income, and treatment cost were included for the patient characteristic analysis. Pediatric patients were compared to the adult group (over 20 years old). In children and adolescents, the rate of emergency department visits due to dental conditions was higher for traumatic conditions than for non-traumatic conditions. Children and adolescents with higher household income visited the emergency department more often than those with lower household income. The region with the highest number of children and adolescents visiting the emergency department for dental conditions was Busan (per 100,000 population). Although this study could not confirm the annual trend of children and adolescents' dental emergency visits due to the sample size limitation, the characteristics of children and adolescents' dental emergency visits were compared with those of adults using a stratified sample.