• 무역학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2019

The logistics industry is changing with the diversification of demand and related technology development. Thus, the transportation system is also changing to social problems and environmental damage, and the importance of rail freight is increasing with changes in the international logistics environment. This study analyzes railway freight competition structure using freight volume and suggests improving the competitiveness of railroad freight. To achieve the research purpose, this study was conducted using the Hirshmann-Herfindahl Index(HHI) and Location Quotients(LQ) method. As a result, the concentration trend of railway trends has increased from 0.213 to 0.238 during the last 9 years, and LQ analysis has enabled the identification of local competition lines by item. The study result confirmed that policy measures on railway freight system, railway infrastructure construction and railway operation are necessary to enhance railway competitiveness.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.43-72
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• 2019

This study examines the trends, current situation and implications of non-tariff measures (NTM) and specific trade concerns (STC) on the protection trade measures of ASEAN. ASEAN's non-tariff measures and the share of specific trade concerns are very significant as they are the second and third largest, respectively, of the major countries. This means that protection measures using non-tariff measures are a strong feature of ASEAN's trade policy. Also, in the future, ASEAN should try to prevent unnecessary disputes caused by exporting countries' specific trade concerns in the implementation of non-tariff measures. Activating trade policy cooperation is likely to reduce conflicts and costs caused by these trade disputes.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.95-113
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• 2022

Tariffs on pharmaceuticals are generally low, but the time-consuming and costly licensing procedures of importing countries may act as barriers to trade. Accordingly, in terms of improving export competitiveness through cost reduction of exporting countries and improving public health for importing countries, international regulatory collaboration is effective for both countries. However, little is known about the impact of cross-border cooperation in pharmaceutical regulation on international trade. This study empirically analyzed the effect of cross-border regulatory collaboration on pharmaceutical trade using the gravity model. It was confirmed that the regulatory collaboration measures had a trade promotion effect in all drugs(HS29+HS30), finished drugs (HS30), and vaccines (HS300220). This study is meaningful in that it empirically analyzed with the consideration of the reference pharmacopoeia, safety and effectiveness in addition to the GMP inspection used in the previous study.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.211-228
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• 2022

With the advent of a recent knowledge-based society, interest in patents is steadily increasing. The patent is an important indicator that can capture the level of R&D investment and technology development. In an era of deepening new protectionism and the pandemic of COVID-19, patents play an important role in sustainable economic development and establishing a strong domestic industrial ecosystem. In this paper, we analyze the impact of patent applications on the corporate performance of the Korean manufacturing industry over the past 21 years from 1999 to 2019. We divide patents into overseas patents and domestic patents and analyze the respective effects on the entire manufacturing industry, ICT industries, and non-ICT industries. Major findings are summarized as follows. First, patents have a positive effect on both exports and sales of Korean manufacturing companies. Second, overseas patents have a greater impact on corporate performance than domestic patents. Third, Patents have a more positive effect on ICT industries than on non-ICT industries.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.21-37
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• 2022

Baltic Dry Index (BDI) is difficult to forecast because of the high volatility and complexity. To improve the BDI forecasting ability, this study apply Bayesian variable selection method with a large number of predictors. Our estimation results based on the BDI and all predictors from January 2000 to September 2021 indicate that the out-of-sample prediction ability of the ADL model with the variable selection is superior to that of the AR model in terms of point and density forecasting. We also find that critical predictors for the BDI change over forecasts horizon. The lagged BDI are being selected as an key predictor at all forecasts horizon, but commodity price, the clarksea index, and interest rates have additional information to predict BDI at mid-term horizon. This implies that time variations of predictors should be considered to predict the BDI.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.115-130
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• 2021

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the causal relationship between import-export goods and transportation modes. To this end, five major commodity groups were selected from 2010 to 2018 such as Machinery and transport equipment (SITC 7), manufactured goods classified chiefly by material (SITC 6), chemicals and related products, n.e.s. (SITC 5), mineral, fuels, lubricants, and related materials (SITC 3), and miscellaneous manufactured articles (SITC 8). And using the panel VECM, the difference between transportation modes such as ports and airports was compared and analyzed through panel granger causality, Impulse response function, Forecasting error variance decomposition. As a result, it is confirmed that the causal relationship between major product groups and transportation modes showed different causal relationships depending on the characteristics of port and air transportation.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2020

This study analyzed that the effects of AEO MRA benefit on decreasing of trade cost and the strategies for expanding of trade. It uses the system GMM for effective solutions of endogenous matter with lagged dependent variable. In terms of the result of analysis, AEO MRA has a positive effect on decreasing of trade cost, especially this study proved the result of previous study AEO MRA expanded the trade through improving the time required for customs clearance and deregulation of non-tariff barriers. In conclusion, this study proposes the policy fo AEO MRA by analyzing the trade cost of AEO MRA by using the system GMM.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.221-239
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• 2020

Among various export contracts, the contents of contracts are very important. Various companies make use of this method. [Which method are you talking about?] However, the Korean law system has an insufficient understanding of the international legal system. This paper looks into the conditions related to contracts in relation to the legal system. This paper analyzes not only the Korean civil law system about illegality of contracts but also makes a comparison with other international systems, such as the UNIDROIT Principles. Especially, the Korean civil law system about the illegality of contracts is comparable with the UNIDROIT Principles system about illegality of contracts. The purpose of this paper is to examine the revitalization of Illegality of Contract. This paper also deals with improvement of International Commercial Activation. Thus, this paper will offer directions to International Trade Practitioners. There is disagreement regarding methods of action related to international trade practice. Especially, this study is good for commercial parties, especially overseas sales people.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2020

Vietnam has experienced a high economic growth since early 2000s. One of the reasons for this successful economic growth is foreign direct investment that has been invested mainly in manufacturer sector in Vietnam. In this paper, we examine the impacts of foreign direct investment to Vietnam on its exports using quarterly data from 2000:1 to 2017:4. Since all the variables in our model is subject to I(1), we apply Fully Modified OLS(FMOLS) to estimate a cointegration vectors. Our results show that there exists a long-run relationship among Export, FDI, Exchange rate and G20 countries' GDP. Also, we find that FDI has a positive effect on Vietnam's export, which was statistically significant. Our results support the hypothesis that the FDI to Vietnam since 2000 has an export-oriented feature.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.75-89
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the trend of container volume using the Seasonal Autoregressive Intergrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. To this end, this paper used monthly time-series data of the East Sea Rim from 2001 to 2019. As a result, the SARIMA(2,1,1)12 model was identified as the most suitable model, and the superiority of the SARIMA model was demonstrated by comparative analysis with the ARIMA model. In addition, to confirmed forecasting accuracy of SARIMA model, this paper compares the volume of predict container to the actual volume. According to the forecast for 24 months from 2020 to 2021, the volume of containaer increased from 60,100,000Ton in 2020 to 64,900,000Ton in 2021