• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.27-52
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• 2008

This paper tries to interpret the processes of small libraries changing sociological role and its direction of movement in Masan City. The roles of small libraries are changing according to the aspects of the communities. Thus the roles of the small libraries in Masan have also changed with the various changes in Korean society. The periods are divided into three : 1980's : the appearances of civil libraries, 1990's : maeul libraries that the citizens have established and participated, 2000's : small libraries that have established from cooperation of government and private. By the three periods this paper interprets the processes of small libraries changing sociological role and its direction of movement in Masan City.

• The Journal of Engineering Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.107-118
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• 2006

The difficulties to build a 3-dimensional water quality model for the coastal water quality improvement and the environmental recovery estimation are the lack of periodic observed data and the many problems to observe continuously. I observed the rainfall and non-point pollutants outflow patterns in Jinhae-Masan basin as mid-step researches for the water quality simulation and management method development in a coastal area. I applied Landsat image system and Geographic Information System to analyze the runoff and non-point pollutants outflow patterns. A water quality simulation model (SWMM) applied to Jinhae-Masan basin with results of the land use distribution, non-point pollution loads, and watershed informations from GIS(IDRISI used). I proposed some improved survey and GIS application methods reflect upon the pollutant characteristics from the observed non-point pollutant outflow patterns.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.493-505
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• 2015

Based on the typhoon paths landed on the southern coast of Korea, the distribution of typhoon moving directions follow the Beta probability density function and that of pressure drops in typhoon eyes follow the Rayleigh probability density function. Consequently, the extreme typhoon simulation scenarios for six landing positions are determined as most probable one in moving direction and extreme one of Typhoon Maemi level in pressure drop. The variation of storm surges in Masan bay associated with simulated typhoon landing position is analyzed through the numerical experiments in the next paper as the second part.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.447-447
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• 2015

최근 기후변화에 따른 전 지구적인 지구온난화는 단시간의 집중호우와 돌발홍수의 증가로 기존의 기후특성을 변화시키고 있다. 이로 인해, 자연재해의 강도가 강해지고, 재산피해가 커지고 있다. 특히, 내륙에 위치한 도시지역 보다 해안 도시지역은 조위에 따라 홍수위가 크게 영향을 받기 때문에 강우에 따른 피해규모는 더 크게 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 기후변화로 인한 자연재해에 대비하기 위하여 미래 기후변화를 예측하고 해안 도시지역에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였으며, 대상지역으로는 2012년 태풍 산바(Sanba)으로 인해 상당한 인명피해와 홍수피해가 발생한 마산(창원시) 일대를 선정하였다. 본 연구에서는 마산(창원시) 대상으로 빈도-지속기간별 강우와 조위의 영향을 고려한 침수모의를 실시하고자 한다. 또한 2004년도에 개발된 다차원법(다차원 홍수피해 산정방법(Multi-Dimensional Flood Damage Analysis))을 이용하여 조위와 홍수위의 영향을 받은 해안 도시의 경제성 분석을 실시하고, 침수에 따른 피해액을 산정하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 마산(창원시) 일대의 홍수피해 산정과 침수피해 관련 방재 정책을 수립하는데 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4B
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• pp.369-376
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• 2011

A three and two dimensional (3D and 2D) numerical models were established to study the storm surge induced by Typoon Maemi in Masan and Pusan Ports. The typhoon landed on the southern coast of Korean Peninsula at 21:00, September 12, 2003 with a central pressure of 950 hPa. The observed maximum storm surge in Masan Port was 230 cm, and the computed peak storm surge using the 3D and the 2D models were 238 cm and 208 cm, respectively. The observed maximum storm surge in Pusan Port was 89 cm, and the peak storm surge of the 3D and the 2D models were 91 cm and 79 cm, respectively. The hindcasted storm surge using 3D model was in good agreement with the observed data, and the 3D model at peak time was more accurate than the 2D. The storm-induced currents were computed using the 3D model. The currents in the surface layer of Masan Bay went into the inner bay with 30~60 cm/sec, while the currents in the bottom layer flowed out with 20~40 cm/sec.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

We have dated the K-Ar, Ar-Ar and U-Pb ages of the Masan hornblende-biotite granite in the southern Cretaceous Gyeongsang basin to constrain its emplacement age. The ~108 Ma hornblende K-Ar age obtained in the study is similar to the previously reported Rb-Sr age. However, the single grain total fusion $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ dating on hornblende failed to yield statistically meaningful ages because the isotopic system was open during its alteration. Thus the hornblende K-Ar age in the study is also unlikely to be reliable. The single grain total fusion $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ dating on biotite yielded an average age of $75.8{\pm}3.0Ma$. Apart from scattered data in the range of ~45-75 Ma, the average age increased to ~80 Ma. The SHRIMP and LA-MC-ICPMS U-Pb isotopic compositions of zircon from the Masan hornblende-biotite granite yielded its emplacement age as $87.6{\pm}2.7Ma$ and $86.8{\pm}0.4Ma$, respectively. It is thus likely that the ~80 Ma $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ age of biotite might reflect the cooling age of Masan hornblende-biotite granite or the thermal influences from later intense igneous activities in the Gyeongsang basin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.3 s.26
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• pp.171-177
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• 2006

To illustrate the characteristics of marine environment in coastal waters of stationary fisheries, field observations were carried out in August and November, 2001. Water temperatures in Jindong Bay compared with those in Masan Bay were about $2.0^{\circ}C$ higher in August and about $0.7^{\circ}C$ in November. Salinities were lowest in the western part of Jindong Bay. It was found that salinity increased gradually from the western part of Jindong Bay to Masan Bay. Sea water in Masan Bay can be characterised as lower temperature and higher salinity, compared with those in Jindong Bay. Concentrations of suspended solids in the inner parts of Jindong Bay were higher than 15mg/L in August. Suspended solids in both regions of Jindong Bay and Masan Bay showed contrastive distributions, especially in November. That is, higher concentrations of suspended solids were found in the inner parts of Jindong Bay and off Masan Bay. Concentration of chemical oxygen demand in Masan Bay was highest, 7mg/L.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.82-95
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• 2021

We investigated the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) in all 13 locations of Masan Bay from February to November in 2015. The COD and TOC contents were high during the June-August period when the pollution load increased. In particular, the concentrations of COD and TOC were about twice as high in the surface water as in the bottom water. In spatial distribution, the COD and TOC concentrations at the inner bay were about twice as high as those of the outer bay in Masan Bay. As a result of estimating the oxidation efficiency of COD from the surface layer of Masan Bay in 2015 based on the theoretical oxygen demand (TOD), it was at the level of about 23%. Due to the low oxidation efficiency of COD, there is a risk that the organic matter in Masan Bay will be somewhat underestimated. Therefore, for quantitative analysis of organic matter, COD and TOC analyses need to be combined.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.626-637
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• 2018

In this study, a series of survey were conducted to identify the distribution patterns of macrobenthos at the Bongam sand tidal flat in Masan Bay. We collected macrobenthos at 9 sampling sites twice in June and September of every year from 2012 to 2017 using a box core sampler (collecting area, $0.025m^2$). There was a total of 50 species with a community density of $6,388ind.m^{-2}$ and a biomass of $313.9g\;wet\;m^{-2}$ during the study period. Polychaetes had the highest number of species and density among the macrofauna, but the mollusks had the largest biomass. The number of species ranged from 10 to 25 during study period but increased to over 20 species in 2014. The density which ranged from $1,508ind.m^{-2}$ to $12,008ind.m^{-2}$ rapidly increased in 2015. The dominant species were all polychaetes such as Heteromastus filiformis, Prionospio japonicus, Hediste diadroma, and Neanthes succinea. The mean diversity index ranged from 1.2 to 1.9, richness index from 1.2 to 2.4, and evenness index from 0.5 to 0.9. From the cluster analysis results, there was a spatial difference in the similarity of faunal composition of macrobenthos and this pattern was maintained throughout the study period, that is, the temporal similarities were higher than the spatial similarities. There was a change in community composition from June 2014 to June 2015 in most of the sampling sites. During this time, the dominant species also changed from H. filiformis and N. succinea to H. filiformis and H. diadroma. The density of opportunistic species such as Capitella capitata and Polydora ligni decreased compared to the early 2000s while the population of H. diadroma increased from 2015. There was little ecological information on H. diadroma such as when and where this species occurred.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.324-332
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• 2014

In order to reveal the long-term variations of water quality in Jinhae Bay, water qualities had been monitored at 9 survey stations of Jinhae Bay during 2000~2012. The surface and bottom waters concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and chlorophyll-a (Chl.-a) were higher at the survey stations of Masan Bay than the stations of other Bays. Especially, station 1 which is located at the inner area of Masan Bay had the highest values in the concentrations of COD, DIN, and Chl.-a because there were terrestrial pollutant sources near the station 1 and sea current had not well circulated in the inner area of Masan Bay. In factor analysis, the station 1 also had the highest factor values related to factors which increase organic matters and nutrients in surface and bottom waters of Masan Bay. However, the stations (st.5, st.6, st.7, st.8, and st.9) of other Bays had lower values of the factors. In time series analysis, the COD concentrations of the bottom waters at 8 stations except for station 1 distinctly decreased. However, the COD concentrations of the surface waters showed no distinct decrease trends at all stations. In the concentrations of nutrients (DIN and DIP) of both surface and bottom waters, there were tremendous decrease trends at all stations. Therefore, these distinct decrease trends of the COD in bottom waters and the nutrients in surface and bottom waters of Jinhae Bay could have been associated with water improvement actions such as TPLMS (total pollution load management system).