• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.75-81
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• 2014

Usage of heavy metal element (Pb, Hg and Cd etc.) in electronic devices have been restricted due to the environmental banning of the European Union, such as WEEE and RoHS. Therefore, it is needed to develop the Pb-free solder plated ribbon in photovoltaic (PV) module. This study described that degradation characteristics of PV module under damp heat (DH, $85^{\circ}C$ and 85% R.H.) condition test for 1,000 h. Solar cell ribbons were utilized to hot dipping plate with Pb-free solder alloys. Two types of Pb-free solder plated ribbons, Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) and Sn-48Bi-2Ag, and an electroless Sn-40Pb solder hot dipping plated ribbon as a reference sample were prepared to evaluate degradation characteristics. To detect the degradation of PV module with the eutectic and Pb-free solder plated ribbons, I-V curve, electro-luminescence (EL) and cross-sectional SEM analysis were carried out. DH test results show that the reason of maximum power (Pm) drop was mainly due to the decrease fill factor (FF). It was attributed to the crack or oxidation of interface between the cell and the ribbon. Among PV modules with the eutectic and Pb-free solder plated ribbon, the PV module with SAC305 ribbon relatively showed higher stability after DH test than the case of PV module with Sn-40Pb and Sn-48Bi-2Ag solder plated ribbons.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.411-420
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to compare the adaptability of thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha technique to the canal walls in ribbon-shaped canals. Thirty resin models simulated ribbon-shape canals were instrumented to #40 using .06 taper Profile systems. Three groups of each 10 resin models were obturated by the lateral condensation technique(LC) and the two thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha technique; Ultrafil Endoset+Obtura II(EO) and Ultrafil Firmset(UF), respectively. After resin model were kept at room temperature for 4 days, they were resected horizontally with micro-tome at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5mm levels from apex. At each levels. image of resected surface were taken using CCD camera under a stereomicroscope at $\times$40 magnification and stored. Ratio of the area of gutta-percha was obtained by calculating area of gutta-percha cone to the total area of canal using digitized image-ana-Iyzing program. The data were collected then analyzed statistically using One-way ANOVA. The results were as follows. 1 At 1mm levels, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean ratio of gutta-percha among the groups. 2. At 2mm level, EO showed the highest mean ratio of gutta-percha (p<0.05) and there was no significant difference between LC and UF. 3. At 3, 4, 5mm levels, EO and UF had significantly greater mean ratio of gutta-percha than LC(p<0.05) and there was no significant difference between EO and UF. In conclusion, the thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha techniques demonstrated relatively favorable adaptability to canal walls than lateral condensation technique in ribbon-shaped canals except for 1mm level.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.593-600
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• 2000

This paper investigated the conduction path and conduction mechanism in undoped polycrystalline diamond thin films deposited by microwave chemical vapor deposition. The resistances measured by ac impedance spectroscopy with different directions can not be explained by the previously-known surface conduction model. The electrodeposition of Cu and electroetching of Ag experiments showed that the conduction path is the grain boundaries within the diamond films. The electodeposition of Cu with an insulating surface layer further proved that the main conduction path in polycrystalline films in the grain boundaries. The film with high electrical conductivity has low activation energy of 45meV and higher dangling bond density. By considering the results and surface C chemical bonds, the H-C-C-H bonds at surface and in grain boundaries might be the origin of high conductivity in undoped diamond films.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.4 s.94
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• pp.49-61
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• 2005

This study is to research the types and formation of the pieces for fastening the clothing in the western and oriental world from 18c to 19c. The pieces for fastening the clothing, depending on their formation, are classified as the ribbon type, the belt type, the button type, and the compound type. The ribbon type indicates fastening the clothing with the strips attached to the clothes. It is divided into the symmetry type and the asymmetry type by the looks of the ribbon alter it is tied. The belt type means fastening the clothing with a string or a belt, separated from the clothes. It is divided into the string type and the belt type. The button type is to fasten the clothing with buttons, button holes, and hooks. It is divided into the basic type, the wrapping type, and the knot type. The compound type is a mixture of two or three types out of the ribbon type, the belt type, and the button type. The pieces for fastening the clothing has aesthetic features as well as their functional characteristics. It has beautiful features like the harmonious beauty of Yin and Yen shown in the asymmetrical types, the beauty of spell wishing for health, long-life, wealth, wisdom, and so on, the beauty of decency showing the intention of refraining from exposing their body in public, the beauty of eroticism emphasizing the beauty of the human body, and the beauty of representing their social class, authority, affiliation, and so on.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.109-118
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• 2015

Korean Shunjung Manhwa and Shojo Manga have a unique characteristics. These genres have a close relationship each other. This study is story form of Shunjung Manhwa and Shojo Manga. In this article, a subject of study for Shunjung Manhwa is the works between 1950s and 1960s. I set limits to the works from "Shojo Club" the case of Shojo Manga. "Shojo Club" is the only girl's magazine without suspend publication. Furthermore, that magazine is the one that Japan's first Shojo Manga, Tezuka Osamu's 'Princess Knight' was published serially. The results of my research work is that Shunjung Manwha has a remarkable difference on a spatio-temporal background, a genre of story, a length of story as compared with Shojo Manga. In addition, this difference is based on the social background, history of comics, authors, media published serially at that time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2001

This dissertation describes the development of a sensor for measuring microscopic displacement where we use CoFeSiB amorphous alloy magnetic ribbon having near zero magnetostrictive properties. For the development of the sensor, we first fabricate amorphous alloy magnetic ribbon, and then investigate its physical and magnetic properties. Finally, its possibility of practical application as a displacement sensor is discussed. The experimental samples were made of near zero magnetostrictive (Co$\_$0.94/Fe$\_$0.06/)$\_$9/Si$_2$B$\_$19/ alloy which were fabricated by a rapid liquid quenching method. As a results, we got amorphous alloy magnetic ribbons of 12㎛ in thickness, 10 mm in length, and 2.5 m in width. It was found that the crystallization temperature and the Curie temperature are around 451$\^{C}$ and around 441$\^{C}$ respectively. We couldn't observe any noticeable change of the impedance frequency of 10MHz, but observed the impedance change of 3.76 %/Oe at 100 MHz. The inductance was nearly stable over the frequency range of 1∼10 MHz, In addition, it was observed that the variation of the inductance and the impedance were linear within the displacement ranges of 20∼60㎛. As the results of the experiments, it is suggested that the displacement sensor which is fabricated by using amorphous alloy magnetic ribbon of (Co$\_$0.04/Fe$\_$0.06/)$\_$79/Si$_2$B$\_$19/ compound, can be used as a sensor to detect microscopic displacement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.76-86
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• 1996

복식사 연구의 한 방법으로서, 문헌을 통하여 다량의 정보 수집이 가능할 경우, 사회과학의 분야에서 사용되어 온 내용분석법을 도입하여 정보의 수량화를 꾀할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 내용분석법을 이용하여 1856년부터 1870년에 이르기까지 미국 여성의 평상복(daydress)중 재킷과 치마의 유행 경향을 당시의 대포적인 패션 잡지인 Godey's Ladies Book과 Perterson's Magazine의 패션 삽화를 토대로 분석하였다. 1856∼1870년은 미국의 남북전쟁 발발 5년 전부터 남북전쟁 직후 5년까지 의 15년간의 기간을 이르며, 해당 15년은 전쟁 전, 전쟁 중, 그리고 전쟁 후의 5년간씩의 3 시기로 나뉘어졌다. 연구의 목적은 여성 평상복의 디자인이 위의 기간 동안 남북전쟁의 한 영향으로서 군복 '라일의 경향을 띄게 되는지의 여부를 조사하는 것이다. 군복 스타일의 경향은 몸에 꼭 맞는 실루엣(fitted silhouette), 에플렛(epaulet), 스텐딩 칼라(standing collar), 더블 여밈 (double-breastedness) 다수의 단추의 사용 및 장식(buttons)으로 정의되었다. 여성스러운 스타일의 경향은 풍성한 실루엣 (full silhouette), 플라운스가 된 치마(flounced skirt), 그리고 러플/fp이 스/리본 (ruffles/lace/ribbons)의 사용 여부로 정의되었다. 연구의 초점은 객관적이고 체계적인 문헌 정보의 수집 방법을 수립하는 데 있었으며, 수집된 자로는 각 변수의 빈도 분포포에 의해 조사되었다. Fitted silhouette, epaulet, 그리고 standing collar는 제 3시기에 가장 많이 나타났고 제 1시기에 가장 적게 나타났다. 여성스러운 스타일에 있어서 full sihouette과 trounced skirt는 제 1시기에 가 장 많이 보였고 전쟁 당시와 전후에 점차적으로 적게 나타났다. Buttons나 double breastedness 등은 제 2시기에 가장 많이 보이고 제 3시기에는 오히려 가장 낮은 빈도수를 보였다. 반면에 ruffles/lace/ribbons는 fitted silhouette 등의 군복 스타일의 변수와 더불어 제 3시기에 가장 많이 보인 것으로 분석되었다. 전반적인 유행의 경향에 있어서, 군복 스타일의 변수와 여성스러운 경향의 변수를 각각 종합하여 분석해 보면, 제 2시기를 중심으로 전자의 유행은 점차적으로 증가하고 후자의 유행은 감소되고 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 그러나 당시 미국 패션은 유럽 왕실의 유행에 의해 크게 영향을 받은 것을 감안할 때 본 연구의 결괴는 서양 복식의 역사의 선상에서 조심스럽게 해석되어야 할 것 이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 2002

The open-connect type eddy current transducer for the flaw detection in continuously connected pipelines was developed. This eddy current transducer is for the on-line inspection of the tubes in industries, to which commercial encircling probes are not applicable. The excitation coil that consists of a ribbon type cable and a flat connector can be opened and closed on purpose. The sensing coils of this transducer are circumferentially arrayed near the outside of the tube wall but axially displaced from the exciter by about one and half tube diameter. In application to steel tubes, and the performance of this transducer was evaluated as a little behind those of magnetic saturation type in signal to noise ratio and flaw size decision, but usable to detect or to locate large size flaws in steel tubes. Surface cracks deeper than 19% of the tube thickness could be detected with good signal to noise ratio.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.104-109
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• 2017

It is important to keep the distribution of the raw material mixture constant, in order to maximize the effect of the pre-mix type repair mortar, and it is also necessary to increase the performance of the mixer in order to minimize the deviation of the product. In this study, three kinds of mixer used in production sites were used to make repair mortar and the properties of each mortar were examined. As a result, it is confirmed to the difference in properties of pre-mix type repair mortar differ depending on the type of mixer, and the fluidized zone mixer showed relatively good results. In addition, it is preferable to set the mixing time to about 10 minutes to 15 minutes in order to ensure workability and optimum physical properties.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.127-137
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• 2019

Nail art, which has been popularized recently, has increased convenience in the direction of nail art design harmonized with clothing and the increased interest and usage of nail art decoration. This study set out to propose practical planar and three-dimensional nail art designs in harmony with modern clothes by applying trimmings common in 18th century women's clothing, which used a variety of attachable decorations. As for the methodology, the investigator examined theories in previous studies, literature, and analyzed the types of trimming in female portraits from the 18th century at the museum at the Palace of Versailles in France. Planar and three-dimensional nail art designs were created for each of the top three trimming types- braids, laces, and ribbons, which were identified through analysis. The study applied the trimmings of the 18th century women's clothes to nail art design and had the following results: First, the top three trimming types were identified based on the analysis of the 18th century portraits. They were then used as motifs in the production of planar and three-dimensional nail art designs. The results show that the motifs of the clothes trimmings were fit for and had practical possibilities for expression in nail art designs. Secondly, diversity and the expansion of ideas in the study of nail art design were promoted. In addition, elements were increased to have mutually complementary effects with clothes. Finally, the study made various attempts at nail design methods by adopting a range of nail art expression techniques including hand painting, 2D & 3D art techniques, and using planar and three-dimensional nail decorations, thus proposing a positive direction for the organization of a curriculum to make use of 18th century women's clothing motifs in nail art education.