• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 1996

The Korean Peninsula is located on the east coast of monsoon Asia of the midlatitude, where the Pacific polar front moves. As a result variations of spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation occur. A great variation of precipitation during the summer months created frequent droughts and floods. The purpose of this study is to identify distributional characteristics and to analyze synopic characteristics of summer droughts in Korea. The research methods used are ; (1) to identify droughts based on the anomaly of monthly precipitation during summer of 1994. (2) to analyze correlations between drought and weather systems by using the calender of rain days. (3) to compare a synoptic mechanism of summer droughts with that of typical normal summer. The characteristics of summer droughts of 1994 may be summarized as follows ; 1) While most regions were affected by the droughts some regions displayed specific characteristics. The southern part of the Korean Peninsula was severely affected during the month of June. August droughts severely affected east part of the Sobek Mountains, thus showing that the droughts of June and August are highly localized. 2) In the pressure anomaly of surface field. the positive anomaly appears in June around Korean Peninsula, but in July when all parts of the South Korea were under severe droughts, the anomaly changes and becomes negative. 3) Extracyclones occurred less frequently in the summer of 1994. Those that did occur were located in areas far off the Korean Peninsula having little consequences on the drought patterns. 4) The trough of westerly wave at 500hPa height patterns in June is located far from the eastern sea of Korean Peninsula, but in July and August Korean Peninsula belongs to ridge of westerly wave. 5) In June the positive height anomaly at 500hPa surface appears zonally from Siberia to the western Parts of North Pacific Ocean, and in July and August, the strong positive anomaly appears around Korean Peninsula. As a result the zonal index of westerlies at during each month of summer in Korean sector has a large value, which in turn implies that drought will prevails when zonal flow is strong.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.19-36
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• 1996

This study is to examine the remained basis and the locational characteristics of manufacturing in Chonnam region. First, the locational characteristics of manufacturing in the peripheral region examined through theoretical discussions about manufacturing location. And the locational characteristics of the small and medium firms and large firms be studied as to understand the precedent characteristics of Chonnam region. Chonnam region have the precedent characteristics that the regional capital is not accumulated as Japen exploit agricultural products at a colonial period. And SOC, industry and technology are not developed as geographically Chonnam lesion turn aside the economics axis of Korea-Japen-America within a period of industrialization. Manufacturing firms have beer make up the traditional indigenous firms which base on local market, agriculture and marine products in Chonnam lesion. The characteristics of these firms mainly are food & drink, nonmetal industry that is composed of the small and medium sized firms. The industrial structure is changing to machinery, chemistry, electronics industry from food & drink, nonmetal industry. But these industry is making the simple products. In Chonnam region, these change of industrial structure was expanding to the inland or coast region from the neighhoring region of Kwangju metropolitan. The blanch factories of large enterprises that located in Chonnam region are not connected with small and medium sized firms. The small and medium sized firms are not developed. Because these large enterprises are the iron and steel industry or chemistry industry. So the large-manufacturing firms have characteristics of the capital intensive industry, and make up the monopolistic industrial space of fordist blanch factories.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to analyse the regional variation of tenancy system in later Yi-Dynasty in Korea. Materials for the analysis are acquired through materials(韓國土地農産調査報告), published in 1905 and agricultural census published in 1912. For the identification of difference of tenancy system between agricultural region, regionalization are conducted through by crop combination. Crop combination structure, using rank of LQ index, was clustered into five generic lesions through cluster analysis. In these contexts, this study has come to following conclusions. There are three types of tenancy system in materials; (1) Doji(賭地) system of which landrent was 1/3 agricultural products. Tenant healed the land tax and seeds. (2) Byoengjak(竝作) system of which landrent was 1/2 agricultural products. Landlords healed the land tax and seeds (3) Jeongaek(定額法) system of which landrent was fixed without relation to annual products. But through the analysis of relationship between agricultural region and tenancy system, a new tenancy system could be identified : Byeongjak(竝作) II system. In this system, landrent was 1/2 of agricultural products, but landlord and tenant shared the landtax and seed in common. In the distribution of these systems, relationship between tenancy system and agricultural regions could be identified. Doji system was distributed in the regions where rice and double cropping was specialized. But Byoeongjak(竝作) system was distributed in the regions where upland crops are specialized and ratio of Paddy field is comparatively low. Especially new types were emenged where ratio of paddy field was very low. These show that increase of productivity of land didn't induce the development of the right of ownership in land. The development of ownership was emerged only on the rice paddy fields. Barley cultivated through double-cropping passed into tenant's possessions. So nominal landrent in paddy field seemed to be raised, but actual landrent was maintained about 1/3 of Products through double cropping. On the contrary, rights of cultivation is developed through double cropping. As double cropping is developed, competition on paddy field between tenants was intensified. Consequently nominal land rent of Paddy fields should be raised.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.141-160
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• 2012

This paper evaluates the governance of the Andong International Mask Dance Festival. The evaluation focuses on mutual cross-assessment of agents engaging in governance relating to four elements: social justification, reliability, professionalism and transparency. Governance based on co-operative partnership was the essential factor leading to the mask festival's success. Governance of the Andong International Mask Dance Festival in 2011 was privately initiated governance having horizontal and open partnership among festival specialists, civil society organizations, regional business organizations, volunteers and local government, with the Andong Festival Tourism Foundation as the central figure. Three of governance elements were successfully carried through; the exception was transparency. The agents who gave more positive evaluations were those who played leading roles in planning and conducting events, as well as in assessing those events. The reasons for positively assessing the elements are the significance of the festival and the guarantee of agents' participation in social justification; the ability of agents, as well as cognitional and institutional trust in reliability; expert knowledge, capacity to suggest alternatives and duality of business in professionalism; and effective communication, the guarantee of opening of information and information sharing in transparency. To improve the effectiveness of governance, the system for allowing passive agents to contribute usefully should be strengthened. Mutual communication and sharing of information among agents, as well as between agents and residents, also should be more strongly reinforced.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.432-442
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• 2011

Climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation tend to vary both in space and in time simultaneously. Thus, it is necessary to include space-time autocorrelation into conventional spatial interpolation methods for reliable time-series mapping. This paper introduces and applies space-time variogram modeling and space-time kriging to generate time-series temperature maps using hourly Automatic Weather System(AWS) temperature observation data for a one-month period. First, temperature observation data are decomposed into deterministic trend and stochastic residual components. For trend component modeling, elevation data which have reasonable correlation with temperature are used as secondary information to generate trend component with topographic effects. Then, space-time variograms of residual components are estimated and modelled by using a product-sum space-time variogram model to account for not only autocorrelation both in space and in time, but also their interactions. From a case study, space-time kriging outperforms both conventional space only ordinary kriging and regression-kriging, which indicates the importance of using space-time autocorrelation information as well as elevation data. It is expected that space-time kriging would be a useful tool when a space-poor but time-rich dataset is analyzed.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.217-231
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• 2012

Geography is a core subject for mutual understanding a relationship between Korea, China, and Japan. But the research and report on the Chinese geography education are poor progressed in Korea. This study aims to review the Chinese geography curriculum changes and the organization of Geography Curriculum Standards(GCS). The results of study are as follows. First, from the perspective of the Chinese geography curriculum development, political ideology and changes of society could lead to serious influences on the geography education. It is change through the process stage of prosperity${\rightarrow}$withdrawal${\rightarrow}$promotion${\rightarrow}$development. Second, most recently, Chinese GCS carried out a drastic reform of their geography curriculum emphasized the importance of a student' needs and activity, the organic correlation between the geographical knowledge and skills, and synthesis, practical value of the geography. Third, the organization of GCS consist of an introduction, curriculum objective, contents standard, performance rules. Fourth, the middle school GCS emphasized the importance of a basis of the geographical knowledge and skills in the 4 subjects(the earth and the maps, world geography, Chinese geography, regional geography). Finally, The high school GCS emphasized the importance of a student' occupational course and consideration of regional circumstances.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.369-386
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• 2010

Migration usually derived from the gap of spatial efficiency and the attractiveness difference between the origin and the destination puts forth significant impact on the regional dynamics of population. Both migration and regional planning or policy are structurally interconnected, exerting impact each other within the circular loops. In order to observe migration characters in the regional dimension, this research depends on social network analysis(SNA) methods which easily portray interrelationship and its weight between the origin and the destination. In specific, it focuses on the application of centrality indicators in order to understand the in- and out-migration patterns and visualize them with spring graphs, pinpointing the in- and out-migration administrative units. This research deals with three migration patterns in 2001 and 2008, respectively: i) in- and out-migration between the nation and Chungbuk Province; ii) in- and out-migration within Chungcheong Areas; and iii) in- and out-migration within Chungbuk Province. Judging from Chungbuk examples, the highest in-migration was recorded at Heungduck District in terms of in- and out-migration between the nation and Chungbuk Province. Seoul and Gyeonggi were two major origins towards Chungbuk Province. Within Chungcheong Areas, Daejeon produced the highest in-migration in 2001. However, Chungnam took that position in 2008.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.600-614
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• 2013

This study aims to examine spatially-detailed changes and projection of subtropical climate zones based on the modified K$\ddot{o}$ppen-Trewartha's climate classification and extreme temperature indices using $1km{\times}1km$ high resolution RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios based on PRIDE model over the Republic of Korea. Subtropical climate zones currently located along the southern coastal region. Future subtropical climate zones would be pushed northwards expanding to the western and the eastern coastal regions as well as some metropolitan areas. For both scenarios, the frequency of cold-related extreme temperatures projects to be reduced while the frequency of hot-related ones projects to be increased. Especially, hot days with $33^{\circ}C$ or higher temperature projects to occur more than 30 days over the most of regions except for some mountain areas with high altitudes during the period of 2070~2100. This study might provide essential information to make climate change adaptation processes be enhanced.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-46
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• 2017

This article examines the sexualization of place under conditions of the compressed modernization and reflexive cosmopolitanism. In particular, I adopt Michel de Certeau's spatial didactic model of strategy and tactic to investigate the dynamics at play in the gay labelling of a Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf (Coffee Bean) in South Korea, and explore the 'gaying' that takes place within preconceived heteronormative space. Using interview data, I additionally explore the negotiation tactics and coping mechanisms at work when gays compete with heterosexuals for non-gay place. The results illustrate how gays gay in heteronormative space and how heteronormative space harmoniously embodies gay men. The findings suggest that spatial location and tactic play important roles in stimulating compromise of sexual territory. Gay Bean benefits from being nestled between locations with histories of tolerance, while it also prospers from reflexive cosmopolitan ideals of diversity and acceptance of others. Gay identity and gaying is interpreted as foreign in Korea, which buttresses gay performativity in spaces welcoming of foreigners and so-called "deviance." However, how gaying functions within place relies not only on spatial histories of tolerance outside, but also on the tactics of identity negotiation within. The findings suggest that spatial and tactical conditions induce gay individuals to police other gay-identified individuals when gays gay in so-called heteronormative places.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.136-150
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• 2017

This study analyzed the spatial change of urban green spaces in Daegu from 1989 to 2009 using cell based spatial metrics. To do so, the conversion process of land covers during the past 20 years was explored using a land cover change detection matrix. The synoptic analysis with a moving window sampling strategy was conducted to quantify cell based spatial metrics related to size, shape, cohesion, and diversity and to explain the spatial change at the local level. Difference maps were then generated by subtracting the 1989 maps of spatial metrics from the 1998 maps and the 1998 maps from the 2009 maps. The gradient analysis was performed to identify the directional change of spatial metrics along an urban development axis in Daegu. The results from this study show that urban green spaces in Daegu during the past 20 years have been gradually fragmented around the new town housing development districts such as Dalseong-gun, Seongseo, and Ansim. Forests were most prominently fragmented in the Hwawon area while most rapidly in the Chilgok area. Grasslands were largely fragmented in many areas due to the decrease in size and cohesion indices and most fragmented in the Ansim area. The spatial pattern of the decreased and fragmented urban green spaces identified by this study can be used as a base data for establishing the environment-friendly urban development strategy in Daegu.