• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.249-260
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• 2021

This study is a meta-analysis study conducted to integrate and analyze the results of flip-learning studies for Korean nursing students. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Korean databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Non-Randomized controlled trials (Non-RCTs) evaluating the effects of flipped learning for Korean nursing students were included. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis. The entire effect size in flipped learning was big in effect size (SMD = 1.21; 95% CI = 0.84 to 1.63; I2 = 93.9; n = 23) compared to the control groups. The analysis results of subgroups according to the classification of Bloom showed that flipped learning was found to have a significant effect on psychomotor domain, cognitive domain, and affective domain. A total of 10 literature analyses, this meta-analysis showed that flipped learning on Korean nursing students is effective in psychomotor, cognitive, and affective domain than the traditional teaching method. The flip learning can be integrated into theoretical and practical nursing education to improve the academic performance of nursing students.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of Caulerpa okamurae ethanol extract (COE) on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity as one of the drug targets for treatment of type2 diabetes. COE significantly inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) enzyme activities in vitro assay. Also, COE significantly enhanced the glucose uptake and the expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and glucose transporter4 (GLUT4) proteins in 3T3-L1 adipocytes or zebrafish larvae compared with control. In dexamethasone-induced resistance model of L6 myotubes, the protein expression of insulin signaling and glucose uptake was effectively increased by the treatment of COE. In contrast, the elevated phosphorylation of IRS-1 Ser307 was normally suppressed by treatment of COE. However, COE had no effect on insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Thus, our results suggest that COE improves the glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity through the regulation of insulin signaling and GLUT4 protein in insulin's target cells and zebrafish larvae.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2022

This study was carried out to establish proper irrigation standards by growth stages using integrated solar radiation (ISR) for strawberry hydroponics cultivation. The irrigation methods were automatically controlled when it reached ISR values based on the external solar irradiance. The ISR standards were set at 150 J·cm^-2 and 200 J·cm^-2, and as the last treatment, ISR value was changed from 200 J·cm^-2 to 150 J·cm^-2 according to growth stage. The timer-automated irrigation system was applied as a control. The monthly average irrigation frequency of 150 J·cm^-2, growth stages (150 J·cm^-2) treatment in March were 5.6 times, that of 200 J·cm^-2, growth stages (200 J·cm^-2) treatment in December were 2.7 times, and that of timer system was 3.6-3.8 times. The water use efficiency (WUE) of timer was 19.8 g·L^-1 lower than ISR. There was no significant difference in growth and fruit characteristics between ISR and timer. The total yield and rate of marketable fruit of treatments by growth stages was the highest 328 g/10 a and 85.3 %, respectively. Therefore, in case of strawberry hydroponic cultivation, controlling ISR by growth stages was more helpful to improve yield rather than applying same ISR standard during cultivation.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2023

The glutamic acid producing strain for development savory taste enhancing foods was identified the possibility through application into soybean fermentation. To check the effects on glutamic acid production during soybean fermentation, Lactococcus lactis HY7803 was introduced as a starter. The soybean samples were analyzed on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. The numbers of bacteria decreased gradually, while the content of amino-type nitrogen increased during fermentation in the soybean with L. lactis HY7803. Glutamic acid content in soybeans with L. lactis HY7803 increased from 114.99 ± 9.37 pmol/ul on day 0 to 138.14 ± 1.76 pmol/ul on day 21, showing an overall higher amino acid content than soybeans without L. lactis HY7803 and similar content to soybeans with Aspergillus oryzae SNU-G. It was clearly distinguished through principal component analysis. Consequently, our results indicate that L. lactis HY7803 is available as a fungus replacement and may be a good starter strain for enhancing savory taste in vitro as well as soybean fermentation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.397-405
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• 2023

Although glutathione (GSH) has been shown to play an important role in the prevention of oxidative damage as an antioxidant, studies on immune regulation by it have not been properly conducted. In this study, we investigated whether luthione^®, a reduced GSH, has an immune enhancing effect in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The results of flow cytometry and immunofluorescence experiments indicated that luthione increased phagocytic activity, a representative function of macrophages, compared to the control cells. According to the results of the cytokine array, the expression of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-1β, and IL-27 was significantly increased in the luthione-treated cells. Luthione also enhanced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β through increased expression of their proteins, and increased release of the immune mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ was associated with increased expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. In addition, the expression of cluster of differentiation 86, an M1 macrophage marker, was dramatically enhanced in RAW 264.7 cells treated with luthione. Furthermore, as a result of heat map analysis, we found that cytokine signaling 1/3-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription/Janus tyrosine kinase signaling pathway was involved in the immunomodulatory effect by luthione. In conclusion, our data suggested that luthione could act as a molecular regulator in M1 macrophage polarization and enhance immune capacity by promoting macrophage phagocytic function.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.456-465
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• 2023

Melon fruits exhibit a wide range of morphological variations in fruit shape, sugar content, net quality, diameter and weight, which are largely dependent on the variety. These characteristics significantly affect marketability. For netted varieties, the uniformity and pattern of the net serve as key factors in determining the external quality of the melon and act as indicators of its internal quality. In this study, we evaluated the effect of fruit morphology and growth on netting by analyzing the changes in melon fruit quality under LED light treatment and monitoring fruit growth. Computer vision analysis was used for quantitative evaluation of fruit net quality, and a three-variable logistic model was applied to simulate fruit growth. The results showed that melons grown under LED conditions exhibited more uniform fruit shape and improvements in both net quality and sugar content compared to the control group. The results of the logistic model showed minimal error values and consistent curve slopes across treatments, confirming its ability to accurately predict fruit growth patterns under varying light conditions. This study provides an understanding of the effects of fruit shape and growth on net quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.1604-1611
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• 2011

In this study we assessed the effects of gamma irradiation (50 kGy) on cookies to which was added various concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%) of hot water extract from seamustad (Undaria pinnatifida) sporophylls (WEUS) for future industry use. The pH of the dough went down significantly with the addition of WEUS. However, density was not related to that. The spread ratio of the cookies increased significantly as more WEUS was added to the cookie recipe, and cookies containing gamma-irradiated extract were taller than non-irradiated cookies with the same concentration. The loss rate of cookies was the same between control and experiment groups. On the other hand, the leavening rate significantly increased upon the addition of WEUS, and gamma-irradiated cookies were higher than non-irradiated cookies in the same concentration. The L value of cookies was much reduced with higher WEUS content, but the b value showed no significant differences between the control and experiment groups. The a value showed no significant difference for non-irradiated groups, but did for gamma-irradiated groups. Upon the addition of WEUS, hardness was shown to be higher than the control. The antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging, was significantly higher with the control cookies, and upon the addition of WEUS, the gamma-irradiated cookies had higher antioxidant effects than non-irradiated cookies. The sensory evaluation showed that cookies made with WEUS have a positive impact in color, smell, taste, texture, and overall acceptability, but the sensory evaluation worsened with a lot of WEUS. The results of acceptability were higher in cookies with 3% the non-irradiated group and 1% the gamma-irradiated group. These results suggest that the 1% gamma-irradiated group was in the best condition to use in the industry since just a little of it makes exceptional quality, sensory properties, and functionality.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.383-388
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• 2010

The chicken eye can discriminate light color, and different light wavelengths may affect reproduction ability. This study was carried out to identify effect of monochromatic light using light emitting diode (LED) in laying hens. Chickens were exposed to white light (WL), blue light (BL), yellow light (YL), green light (GL) and red light (RL) made by using LED as well as incandescent light (IL) (control). All light sources were equalized to a light intensity of 20 lux. The results indicated that the age of first egg laying and 50 % egg laying in laying hens treated under RL is significantly younger than under other lights (P<0.05). And the ovary weight of laying hens reared under RL is significantly heavier than under other at from 16 to 20 wks (P<0.05). The largest number of eggs production was produced in a group with treated with RL by 59 wks of age compared with any other group. The egg weight of YL was greater than other treatment groups from 26 to 45 wks (P<0.05). The egg shell from hens treated with RL was the strongest and thickest at 20 wk (P<0.05). These results suggest that the egg quality of laying hens reared in different spectrum of LED can be different and RL may enhance the laying performance.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.1 s.23
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• pp.70-81
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• 1988

To measure the birth registration rate and the validity of birth registration data in rural area, all of the 4,014 married women under 49 years of age who had not been sterilized in Gunwee county of Kyungpook province were followed by Myun health workers for 2 years from April 1, 1985 to March 31, 1987 and 766 births were detected. All of the birth registration records of Myun offices were reviewed on September 30, 1987 and 944 births which occurred within the above mentioned period were found. Actual birth date obtained by follow-up study were compared with the birth date on registration card. Among 766 births detected by follow-up study,576 births(75.2%) which were reported within 6 months after birth were ascertained on the official registration records and 96 births(12.5%) were not found on the records although mother stated that the birth was registered. The registration rate within legal due date was 61.3% among 576 births detected by follow-up study and also ascertained on the official records. The registration rate within legal due date was lower in mothers under 20 years of age and above 35 years and in mothers who had only primary education. It was decreased as the birth order increased. The registration rate was higher in births occurred from October to March than births occurred from April to September. All of the births of 7 neonatal deaths were not reported. The registered birth date was consistent with the actual birth date in 78.0%. Birth date on record was earlier than the actual birth date in 6.8% and later in 15.3%. The consistency rate was lower in mothers above 35 years of age(54.5%), and in infants of 4th birth order and above(56.3%). The rate was increased as the maternal education level increased. The rate of boys was higher than that of girls. A higher percentage(17.4%) of infants born in March was registered with earlier date than the actual birth date and most of these registered birth dates were lunar calendar date. This might be related with the age for entering the primary school. The study findings revealed that the birth registration rate within legal due date and accuracy of report have been increased in recent years, but the infant mortality rate derived from the birth registration seems to be very inaccurate. It is suggested to let the medical personnel who delivered the baby report the birth by mail directly to the current address of parent while infants delivered at home without professional attendant may comply with the present registration system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1294-1301
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• 2004

Soy foods are a unique dietary source of isoflavones, which have effects relevant to prostate cancer prevention. The present study determines the effects of a short-term isoflavone supplement on serum PSA (prostate specific antigen), lipid profile, antioxidant status, and immune system in prostate cancer patients. Ten prostate cancer patients were supplemented daily with 150 mg of isoflavone for 2 months. Blood samples were collected baseline and 2 month after for analysis of PSA, serum lipid profiles, total antioxidant status (TAS), grade of DNA damage in lymphocytes, IL-6, VEGF and TNF -$\alpha$. After 2 month isoflavone supplementation, increased significantly a total of estimated urinary isoflavone excretion and did not change PSA. Serum lipid profiles showed significant change in serum total cholesterol level (p=0.007). However, there was no significant change in HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels. TAS was increased but not significant after isoflavone supplementation. Tail moment (TM) was decreased and especially tail length (TL) was decreased significantly (p=0.043). IL-6 level was decreased but VEGF level and TNF -$\alpha$ level were increased. The results of the present study led to the conclusion that the isoflavone dosage (150 mg) in supplement had positive effects on the serum total cholesterol level and DNA damage.