• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.551-556
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• 2002

We have experimentally evaluated the content of thyroid hormones (THs), the growth and activity of larval rockfish (Sebastes schiegeli) born from parturient mother fish injected with 20 $\mu$g/g BW of 3,5,3-triiodo-L-thyronine ($T_{3}$). There was no difference of L-thyroxine ($T_{4}$) levels between controls (sham control and control) and $T_{3}$ groups in yolk-sac larvae just born from broodstock, while $T_{3}$level of $T_{3}$ group was significantly increased compared with controls. In addition, the both larval $T_{3}$ and $T_{4}$ levels in $T_{3}$ group were always higher than those of control during experimental period. Also, there were significant differences in the development of larvae from the two groups. The larval growth in total length and body weight according to the elapsed days after parturition showed the linear and curve equations, respectively, and the slopes of $T_{3}$ group were significantly higher than those of control. The survival rate of larvae in $T_{3}$ group was higher than that of control. Although the survival rate in $T_{3}$ group under the condition of starvation was significantly depressed compared with the control, larval swimming index in $T_{3}$ group was higher than control. Finally, these findings suggest that the exogenous $T_{3}$ could be transferred into hatched larvae in parturient rockfish by maternal injection, and subsequently the exogenous hormone could play some roles on physiological metabolism of larvae after parturition and may confer a distinct advantage to the fragile larvae during the early developmental stage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2003

키토산처리가 콩나물의 성장특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 콩에 0.05% 키토산(493kDa, 금호화성, 한국)을 함유하는 0.05% 초산 용액 4배량을 가하여 8시간 침지한 후 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 간격으로 5일간 주수하면서 발아율, 수율, 배축과 자엽의 중량변화, 수분함량, 배축의 길이와 두께 등을 조사하였다. 발아율은 키토산처리구(88-94%)가 대조구(69-85%) 보다 높았다. 5일간 재배한 콩나물의 생체중량은 처리구(70.28 g/10 g-pot)가 대조구(63.86 g/10 g-pot) 보다 18% 높았다. 재배중의 수분함량은 대조구(59.53-73.33%) 보다 처리구(64.66-84.45%)가 5.13-11.12%가 높았다. 재배중의 자엽의 중량은 대조구(25.06-27.21 g/10 g-pot)가 처리구(23.42-25.55 g/10 g-pot) 보다 높았으며 배축의 중량은 대조구(9.27-36.25 g/10 g-pot)보다 처리구(15.19-44.73 g/10 g-pot)가 높았다. 재배중 배축의 길이와 두께는 대조구(6.51-19.87 cm)보다 처리구(7.67-22.38 cm)가 길었으며, 두께는 대조구(2.08-2.12 mm)가 처리구(203-2.08 mm)보다 약간 두꺼웠다. 이상의 결과 키토산처리는 콩나물의 발아율을 높이며, 콩나물의 수분함량이 높고, 배축의 길이가 기나 두께는 다소 가는 특성을 나타내었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.317-325
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was carried out to elucidate the effects of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine(L-NMMA) and nitric oxide precursor, L-arginine(L-Arg) on cerebral hemodynamics and energy metabolism during reoxygenation-reperfusion(RR) after hypoxia-ischemia(HI) in newborn piglets. Methods : Twenty-eight newborn piglets were divided into 4 groups; Sham normal control(NC), experimental control(EC), L-NMMA(HI & RR with L-NMMA), and L-Arg(HI & RR with L-Arg) groups. HI was induced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries and simultaneously breathing with 8 percent oxygen for 30 mins, and followed RR by release of carotid occlusion and normoxic ventilation for one hour. All groups were monitored with cerebral hemodynamics and cytochrome $aa_3$ (Cyt $aa_3$) using near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS). $Na^+$, $K^+$-ATPase activity, lipid peroxidation products, and tissue high energy phosphate levels were determined biochemically in the cerebral cortex. Results : In experimental groups, mean arterial blood pressure, $PaO_2$, and pH decreased, and base excess and blood lactate level increased after HI compared to NC group(P<0.05). These variables subsequently returned to baseline after RR except pH. There were no differences among the experimental groups. In NIRS, oxidized hemoglobin($HbO_2$) decreased and hemoglobin(Hb) increased during HI(P<0.05) but returned to base line immediately after RR; 40 min after RR, the $HbO_2$ had decreased significantly compared to NC group(P<0.05). Changes of Cyt $aa_3$ decreased significantly compared to NC after HI and recovered at the end of the experiment. Significantly reduced cerebral cortical cell membrane $Na^+$, $K^+$-ATPase activity and increased lipid peroxidation products(P<0.05) were not improved with L-NMMA or L-Arg. Conclusion : These findings suggest that NO is not involved in the mechanism of HI and RR brain damage during the early acute phase of RR.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.114-123
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• 1993

The authors applied Toddler Temperament Scale(TTS) to ADHD patient group, other disease group and normal control group to elucidate temperamental characteristics of ADHD patients in their toddler stage. 1) ADHD group showed significant difference from the control group in 'activity', 'rhythmicity', 'approach', 'adaptability', 'intensity', 'persistence' and 'threshold' categories. 2) ADHD group and other disease showed significant difference from the control group in 'adaptability' and 'persistence' categories. 3) ADHD group was significantly different from other disease group or control group in 'activity' and 'approach' categories. 4) In total scores of TTS, ADHD group and other diease group showed significant difference from control group. 5) Classification ratio of TTS for ADHD by discriminant analysis was 84.3%. Above results suggest that the ADHD patients may reveal characteristic traits in their toddler stage Further research should be focused on the development and refinement of assessment tools for the early detection and prevention for ADHD.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.393-403
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the productivity of Hanwoo steers by feeding self-product organic rice straw and concentrates(conventional, T1 and organic T2). Sixteen Hanwoo steers(8 months on the average) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. Feeding trail was carried out in 2 treatment(8 heads/ treatment) by Hanwoo steers for 600 days form 8 to 28 months in age. The range of average daily gains of T1 and T2 were 0.76 to 0.77kg in the growing stage, 0.93 to 0.90kg in the first fattening stage, 0.99 to 0.84kg in the middle fattening stage, and 0.59 to 0.64kg in the latter fattening, respectively, and the gains for overall period was higher in T1 than in T2. Concentrates and total digestive nutrients(TDN)(T1) intakes per unit of kg gains were higher than T2 without significant difference. In carcass characteristics, the carcass weight in T1 were higher about 5% than in T2. According to the above results, it may be concluded that dry matter(DM) intakes, crude protein(CP) and TDN contents of feedstuff between treatments was no significant difference. but marbling in T2 score was higher than in T1 about 20%. There were no significant differences rib-eye area, back fat thickness and fat color(p>0.05).

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 1974

생쥐(C3H/JMS)의 한쪽 자궁(子宮)에 봉합계(縫合系)를 삽입한 후 초기배아(初期胚兒)의 발생과정(發生過程), 이동속도(移動速度) 그리고 착상(着床)의 상태를 관찰하였다. 임신한지 2일째 되는 날에 자궁(子宮)에 장치를 받지 않은 쪽에서는 초기배(初期胚)의 일부가 이미 수난정(輸卵精)의 뒷부분에 도달하고 있었으나 장치를 받은 쪽에서는 아직도 수난정(輸卵精) 중부(中部)에 머물러 있었다. 3일째가 되면 대조(對照)가 되는 바른쪽 자궁(子宮)에서는 $8{\sim}16$세포기에 드는 배아(胚兒)가 79%에 이르며 24%는 이미 자궁(子宮)에까지 도달하고 있으나 장치를 한 쪽에서는 $8{\sim}16$세포기의 배아(胚兒)가 69%가 되며 겨우 8.2%만이 자궁(子宮)에 이르고 있다. 4일째가 되면 대조자궁(對照子宮)에서는 전체 배아(胚兒)의 75%가 그리고 장치 자궁(子宮)에서는 61%가 상실배(桑實胚)를 이루며 전자(前者)에서 60%, 후자(後者)에서는 40%가 자궁(子宮)내에 진입하게 된다. 정상적(正常的)인 생쥐에서는 임신 4일이 되면 거의가 배낭기(胚囊期)에 이르는 것으로 알려져 있으나 한쪽 자궁(子宮)에 실을 장치한 생쥐에서는 대조자궁(對照子宮)이거나 장치 자궁(子宮)이거나 모두 배낭(胚囊)의 형성(形成)이 늦어지고 있다. 한 자궁(子宮)당 발견되는 정상배(正常胚)의 평균치(平均値)는 대조구(對照區)에서 6.3정도로 임신 2일에서 4일 사이에 큰 차이가 없으나 처리구(處理區)에서는 2일에서 4일 사이에 6.5에서 3.8로 감소한다. 이상배(異常胚)는 대조구(對照區)에서 2일째에 2.2였던 것이 0.4로 크게 줄지만 처리구(處理區)에서는 대조구(對照區)에서 처럼 급격한 감소를 볼 수 없다. 임신한지 17일 되는 날 대조구(對照區)에서 15개의 자궁(子宮)가운데 한지 2개의 자궁(子宮)만이 착상(着床)흔적을 보였지만 처리구(處理區)에서는 전혀 착상(着床)되었던 흔적을 볼 수 없었다. 결국 생쥐에서는 한 쪽 자궁(子宮)에 이물질(異物質)을 삽입했을 때 장치를 받은 자궁(子宮)뿐 아니라 다른 한 쪽 자궁(子宮)에서도 착상(着床)이 일어나지 않을 뿐 아니라 이상난자(異常卵子)의 발생(發生)을 증가시키며 배아(胚兒)의 난할속도(卵割速度)가 늦어지고 또 배아(胚兒)의 이동(移動)이 늦어진다는 것을 알게 되었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.257-268
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• 2012

The EFDC model with find grid resolution system connecting the Gyeong-Gi bay and Han River estuary was constructed to study on spring-neap variability of net volume transport at each channel of the Han River estuary. The simulation time of numerical model is 124 days from May to August, 2009 with freshwater discharge at Han, Imjin and Yeseong River. The calibration and verification of model results was confirmed using harmonic components of water level and tidal current. The net volume transport was calculated during 30 days with normal freshwater conditions at Seokmo channel and Yeomha channel around Ganghwado. The ebbing net volume transport of 44% and 56% is drained into Gyeong-Gi bay through Yeomha and Seokmo channel, respectively. The ebbing net volume transport nearby Seodo at Yeomha channel convergence flooding net volume transport at Incheon harbor, and drain (westward direction) through channel of tidal flat between Ganghwado and Yeongjongdo to the Gyeong-Gi bay. The averaged net volume transport during 4 tidal cycles was compared to variation of spring-neap periods of the Yeomha channel. The convergence position is moved up- and down-ward according to spring-neap variability. The movement of the convergence zone is appeared because 1) increasing of discharged rate tidal flat channel between Ganghwado and Yeongjongdo at the spring period, 2) The growth of barotropic forcing with downward direction at the spring tide, and 3) The strength of the baroclinic pressure gradient is greater than spring with mixing processes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1998.05b
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• pp.720-724
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• 1998

감마선이 Artemia 알의 부화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자, 10Gy, 100Gy, 3kGy, 6kGy과 9kGy의 선량으로 건조 상태의 알을 조사한 후 부화율과 nauplius기의 출현률을 조사하였다. 1kGy 이하의 방사선 조사군에서는 부화율과 nauplius기의 출현률이 대조군에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 3kGy 방사선조사군의 경우 대조군과 유사한 부화율을 보였으나 nauplius기의 출현률은 감소하였다. 6kGy의 방사선조사군에서는 알들의 부화 지연과 부화율의 감소가 뚜렷하였다. 50％의 부화율을 나타내는 선량은 약 5.5kGy였으며, 9kGy에서는 100％ 치사선량을 나타내었다. 본 실험에서 조사한 선량증에서 비교적 낮은 선량의 범위에서는 이온화방사선에 의하여 Artemia 알의 부화시간 단축 및 부화율이 다소 증가하는 결과를 보였다. 따라서 이온화방서선을 이용한 Artemia 알의 부화률을 촉진지킬 수 있는 적정 선량에 대한 연구는 상업적으로도 가치가 있다고 생각되며, 향후 이에 대한 추가적인 연구를 통한 상업적인 활용이 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2018

Time series analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting short-term variation of water temperature in Wando. Spectrum analysis showed that air temperature peaks at diurnal period, while water temperature and tide level peak at both semi-diurnal and diurnal periods. Coherence between water temperature and the tide level presented 0.92 at semi-diurnal period. Numerical experiment were carried out to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of water temperature in the study area. Average water temperature difference between maximum ebb and flood was $0.3^{\circ}C$ in spring tide, but $0.13^{\circ}C$ in neap tide. The reason for the large difference in spring tide is that relatively cold water entered with strong tidal currents at flood tide and flowed out at ebb tide. Water temperature on coasts was higher than out at sea. This is because the depth in the coast is shallower than at sea, and water temperature increases rapidly due to solar radiation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.99-106
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• 2017

This study focused on the issue that when a diagnostic detector is found to have a defect, a patient would be exposed to radiation and image quality would be degraded. Though dose analysis, an experiment was conducted to evaluate detector performance as Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR). Absorbed dose, SNR and CNR were measured using a dosimeter and a tissue equivalent phantom. The experiment was conducted to compare whether the dose value shown after being attached to the back side of the phantom matches the dose value attached behind the detector, where in the conditions of skull, chest and abdomen were set at 75 kVp, 25 mAs, 110 kVp, 8 mAs, and 80 kVp, 20 mAs, respectively. As a result, there was a difference in that the dose values attached to the back side of the detector were 0.004 mGy, 0.006 mGy, 0.003 mGy, whereas those of the back side of the phantom were 0.006 mGy, 0.016 mGy, 0.017 mGy. In order to match both values, the condition was increased and SNR and CNR also increased from 88.32, 88.10, 4.09, 1.63, 87.94, 79.97 to 93.87, 93.75, 4.91, 4.03, 92.02, 84.92. Though this study, we found that when a detector is found to have a aging, it shortens the life of equipment and increases the dose of a patient, also the improvement effect of image quality is inadequate.