• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.3-17
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• 1999

Torsion shear tests under various stress paths were performed to study the behavior of sand during large stress reversal. The stress paths can be classified into the clockwise and the counterclockwise according to torque applied to specimen, and the directions of plastic strain incremental on the stress paths including large stress reversal are compared with the direction of stress state and stress incremental. From test results, the isotropic hardening theory using the principle of St. Venant desirably showed that direction of plastic strain incremental coincided with stress state on primary loading part and nearby failure point, but it might result in a rough approximation on part of unloading and reloading by stress reversal.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.45-64
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• 2004

The lambda calculus is a mathematical formalism in which functions can be formed, combined and used for computation that is defined as rewriting rules. With the development of the computer science, many programming languages have been based on the lambda calculus (LISP, CAML, MIRANDA) which provides simple and clear views of computation. Furthermore, thanks to the "Curry-Howard correspondence", it is possible to establish correspondence between proofs and computer programming. The purpose of this article is to make available, for didactic purposes, a subject matter that is not well-known to the general public. The impact of the lambda calculus in logic and computer science still remains as an area of further investigation.stigation.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.861-873
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• 2009

This study investigated the types of analogies generated by science-gifted students, mapping errors on the chromatography, and the perceptions on generating analogy. The subjects were science-gifted eighth-graders (N=68) enrolled at four gifted-education centers in Seoul. Analyses of the results revealed that most science-gifted students represented the analogies using verbal and pictorial forms based on concrete and everyday experiences, and they elaborately explained them including the functional attributes and the causal relationships of the target concept. Science-gifted students selected the analogies having rich similarities or similar structure and principle between the target concept and the analogy as the best of the self-generated analogies. And they used mainly their 'school life' as analogy materials. The results of the mapping test showed that many science-gifted students had mapping errors such as 'failure to map' and 'overmapping'. They were found to have the positive perceptions on generating analogy. The present study will provide the basic information to develop an instructional model in generating analogy in an education program for science-gifted students.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 2017

Gene silencing using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been widely used in functional genomics in biological organisms. Its principle stems from RNA interference (RNAi), a post-transcriptional control of gene expression. Suppression of specific gene expression using dsRNA may give significant lethal effect. Insect pest control exploits this molecular process to develop novel insecticides using specific dsRNAs. This review explains core principles of RNAi using dsRNA. Then it illustrates various examples to control insect pests using dsRNAs. It also discusses limitations to control insect pests using dsRNAs. Finally, it provides several breakthroughs to develop dsRNA insecticides.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2016

Unplugged has been widely used as an instrument for teaching the basic principles of Computer Science. We'll present 'the binary system teaching contents for the characters' developed for the elementary. And they will successfully guide the student to understand the characters using in computer system. The activity-based learning is provided for describing characters with coding and decoding rules, and the using will be found out in everyday life. To check the adequacy of these materials they were tested to the elementary classroom, and the results showed effectively at Knowledge, Attitude, Generalization levels.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.286-295
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• 2000

We present a novel statistically adaptive method using the Minimum Description Length(MDL) principle for unsupervised segmentation of magnetic resonance(MR) images. In the method, Markov random filed(MRF) modeling of tissue region accounts for random noise. Intensity measurements on the local region defined by a window are modeled by a finite Gaussian mixture, which accounts for image inhomogeneities. The segmentation algorithm is based on an iterative conditional modes(ICM) algorithm, approximately finds maximum ${\alpha}$ posteriori(MAP) estimation, and estimates model parameters on the local region. The size of the window for parameter estimation and segmentation is estimated from the image using the MDL principle. In the experiments, the technique well reflected image characteristic of the local region and showed better results than conventional methods in segmentation of MR images with inhomogeneities, especially.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.75-81
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• 2023

Since the introduction of smartphones, the introduction of charging cable infrastructure that can be used for public use is underway. Thanks to this, people use public cables comfortably without doubt, but most people are not aware of the dangers of public cables. These public cables can lead to infringement accidents such as personal information exposure due to the development of hacking cables, and in the worst case, hackers can take control of smartphones and laptops. This study analyzed the operating principles and attack principles of hacking cables that seem like these general charging cables, but contain malicious scripts or hardware inside. In addition, physical and logical countermeasures were considered based on the analysis.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.105
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• pp.75-94
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• 2008

In philosophy of mind, both reductionism and deflationism claim that the problem of mental causation is overstated, but the reason why they claim that way is quite different. On the one hand, for deflationism, since the problem of mental causation is bogus problem we need to focus on epistemology or scientific explanation rather than metaphysics. On the other hand, although the proponents of nonreductionism seem to think of the principles of causal closure of the physical and causal exclusion proposed by Jaegwon Kim as tenable, they do not go with the reductive approach to the problem of mental causation. Instead they stay with the concept of supervenience to overcome mental causation problem that, reductionists think, leads us to the dilemma situation. Of course, deflationists do not think that supervenience is plausible not as much as supervenience physicalists think that it is. If so, in what way and how do deflationists regard the problem of mental causation as a bogus problem? In this paper, I shall examine the most plausible response to mental causation problem, the contemporary version of mind-body problem by critically discussing and clarifying matters concerning the problem.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.182-192
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• 2006

통과대복의육십사괘차서도(通過對伏義六十四卦次序圖), 방도(方圖), 원도적연구(圓圖的硏究), 이급장개빈대육십사괘방원도중소천발적의역학내용적연구(以及張介賓對六十四卦方圓圖中所闡發的醫易學內容的硏究), 득출여하결론(得出如下結論): 1. 육십사괘적생성원리중(六十四卦的生成原理中), 존재소강절적일분위이법설화번사전적일정팔회설(存在邵康節的一分爲二法設和繁辭傳的一貞八悔說), 이사지횡향배열적도(而使之橫向排列的圖), 칭위복의육십사괘차서원(대횡도)(稱爲伏義六十四卦次序圓(大橫圖)). 종차원(從此圓), 가청초지효육십사괘적생성근원(可淸楚知曉六十四卦的生成根源). 2. 복의육십사괘원도(伏義六十四卦圓圖), 파대횡도분위료양부분(把大橫圖分爲了兩部分), 즉전삼십이괘종좌상방향하진행료배치(卽前三十二卦從左上方向下進行了配置), 이후삼십이괘종우상방향하원형진행료배치(而後三十二卦從右上方向下圓形進行了配置). 차원이자오묘유위중심청초지현시출료양시(자)(此圓以子午卯酉爲中心淸楚地顯示出了陽始(子)), 양진(묘)(陽辰(卯)), 양극(오)(陽極(午)). 음시(오)(陰始(午)), 음진(유)(陰辰(酉)), 음극(자)등적상(陰極(子)等的象), 체현료천도순환적도리(體現了天道循環的道理). 3. 복의육십사괘방원(伏義六十四卦方圓), 야유래어대횡도(也由來於大橫圖), 역체현료지도원리급선천법상적자연지묘(亦體現了地道原理及先天法象的自然之妙). 4. 복의육십사괘방위원시근거천지지리(伏義六十四卦方位圓是根據天地之理), 재복의육십사괘원도내배치료복의육십사괘방원(在伏義六十四卦圓圖內配置了伏義六十四卦方圓). 저시유주자수차배치적(這是由朱子首次配置的). 원도이원형진행료배치(圓圖以圓形進行了配置), 중공상태체현료천지순환적질서(中空狀態體現了天之循環的秩序), 이방도이방형진행료배치(而方圖以方形進行了配置), 중간충실체현료지지존재적상태(中間充實體現了地之存在的狀態), 기작용균시어중심부(基作用均始於中心部). 방원도중포함착일개월적변화(方圓圖中包含着一個月的變化), 일년적운행(一年的運行), 129,600년지우주일년적변화(年之宇宙一年的變化), 천지적종시(天地的終始), 인물적생사(人物的生死), 고금세변적원리등(古今世變的原理等). 5. 장개빈확립료용역학원리해석의학적의역학(張介貧確立了用易學原理解釋醫學的醫易學), 파육십사괘방원여인체진행결합작료천발(把六十四卦方圓與人體進行結合作了闡發). 기일(基一), 기인위육십사괘원도적중심시태극(基認爲六十四卦圓圖的中心是太極), 차부상당어인체지심, 이건남곤북화리동감서(而乾南坤北和離東坎西), 분별대응어상수하복화좌우이목(分別對應於上首下腹和左右耳目). 기이(基二), 원도이사등분적사상(圓圖以四等分的四象), 파인생분위료사분(把人生分爲了四分), 병분별진행료배속(幷分別進行了配屬). 저설명료파육십사괘여 "소문·상고천진론" 중이팔수위변적장부원리(這設明了把六十四卦與『素問·上古天眞論』中以八수爲變的丈夫原理), 소진행적배속관계(所進行的配屬關係). 기삼(基三), 기인위재원도중(基認爲在圓圖中), 여동양시생적복괘(천근)여음시생적구괘(월굴), 相互交替進行循環一樣, 인적생장쇠로적도리화일일중오매적도리시일양적(人的生長衰老的道理和一日中寤寐的道理是一樣的). 기사(基四), 기재원도중(基在圓圖中), 이천양재남화천부족서북(以天陽在南和天不足西北), 래설명료건재남화곤재북적도리(來說明了乾在南和坤在北的道理), 병재방토중이지강재북화지불만동남(幷在方土中以地剛在北和地不滿東南), 래설명료건재서북화건재동남적도리, 이육십사괘적원리여의학밀접결합, 대지진행료설명(對之進行了說明).

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.61
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• pp.131-164
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• 2020

This study analyzes the Trinitarian principles of Christian education through the neo-orthodox theology of Karl Barth, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Paul Tillich in the current era of postmodernism. Both neo-orthodoxy and postmodernism react against the epistemological ideals of modernity. Postmodernism is based on a limited human point of view, and thus becomes a captive to its own subjectivity, producing two main characteristics - pluralism and relativism. Since neo-orthodoxy appeared as a reaction against human-centered modernity, critical analysis of neo-orthodox theology can give insights to cope with the challenges of postmodernism in Christian education today. Thus, this study bases its argument critically on the thoughts of neo-orthodox theologians such as Karl Barth, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Paul Tillich, since they responded to the challenges of enlightenment through rediscovering fundamental theological principles. First of all, this study examined the meaning of God's creation and the fall and provided the principle of theistic relativism. Secondly, this study explored educational insights from Jesus' crucifixion, through His work of redemption, liberation, and restoration and suggests an incarnated relationship building. Thirdly, the study analyzed the caring and comforting work of the Holy Spirit and emphasized the power of the Holy Spirit that heals corrupted human reason and enables loving relationships.