• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.807-812
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• 2022

Recently, as the number of voice recording files submitted as court evidence increases, the number of cases claiming forgery is also increasing. If the audio recording file structure and metadata, which are objective grounds, are completely forged, it is actually impossible to detect forgery of the sophisticated audio recording file. It is extremely rare for the court to reject the file structure and metadata analysis performed with the forged audio recording file. The purpose of this study is to prove that forgery of voice recording file structure and metadata is easily possible. To this end, in this study, it was introduced that forgery detection is impossible when the 'mixed paste' function, which enables sophisticated editing based on the typification of the editing method of voice recording files, is applied. Moreover, it has been proven through experiments that forgery of file structure and metadata is possible. Therefore, a stricter standard for judging the admissibility of evidence is required when the audio recording file is adopted as digital evidence. This study will not only contribute to the standard of integrity in the adoption of digital evidence by judges, but will also contribute to the method of constructing a dataset for artificial intelligence in detecting forgery of recorded files that is expected to be developed in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.550-558
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• 2014

The purposes of the study are to introduce and apply an activity that can help improve student-initiated learning on the TOEIC Speaking Test (TOEICST) performance and to see students' attitude toward the activity. Twenty-eight university students in Chungcheong province engaged in learning based on this activity. In the present study, the activity proposed by McCormick and Vercellotti (2013) and Stillwell, Curabba, Alexander, Kidd, Kim, Stone, & Wyle (2010) was modified and adapted[14][19]. The outline of the Task Recording Activity (TRA) consisted of three steps: preparation step, Task Recording Activity step, and evaluation step. As data collection of the study, a survey and students' journal were utilized and qualitatively analyzed. The results showed that student-initiated learning activity could be applied positively not only in communicative lessons, but in TOEICST specific lessons as well. Additionally, participants showed positive attitudes toward self-transcription and self-correction. Some implications of the study are that the TRA can be applied to generate autonomous learners studying for the TOEIC Speaking Test, that the guideline for different proficiency can be developed to help them improve their self-reflection, and that students need to have an active attitude to lead their own learning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.22-30
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the Solar Radiation(SR) and the Mean Radiant Temperature(MRT) under the shades of the three landscaping trees in clear summer daytimes. The trees were Lagerstroemia indica, Quercus palustris and Ulmus parvifolia. The solar radiation, the globe temperature and the air temperature were recorded every minute from the $1^{st}$ of April to the $30^{th}$ of September 2013 at a height of 1.1m above on the four monitoring stations, with four same measuring system consisting of a solar radiation sensor, two resistance temperature detectors(Pt-100), a black brass globe (${\phi}50mm$) and data acquisition systems. At the same time, the sky view photos were taken automatically hourly by three scouting cameras(lens angle: $60^{\circ}$) fixed at each monitoring station. Based on the 258 daily sky view photos and 6,640 records of middays(10 A.M.~2 P.M.) from the $1^{st}$ of June to the $30^{th}$ of August, the time serial differences of SR and MRT under the trees were analysed and compared with those of open sky, The major findings were as follows; 1. The average ratio of sky views screened by the canopies of Quercus palustris, Lagerstroemia indica and Ulmus parvifolia were 99%, 98% and 97%, and the SR were $106W/m^2$, $163W/m^2$ and $202W/m^2$ respectively, while the SR of open sky was $823W/m^2$. Which shows the canopies blocked at least 70% of natural SR. 2. The average MRT under the canopies of Quercus palustris, Lagerstroemia indica and Ulmus parvifolia were $30.34^{\circ}C$, $33.34^{\circ}C$ and $34.77^{\circ}C$ respectively, while that of open sky was $46.0^{\circ}C$. Therefore, it can be said that the tree canopies can reduce the MRT around $10{\sim}16^{\circ}C$. 3. The regression test showed significant linear relationship between the SR and MRT. In summary, the performances of the landscaping shade trees were very good at screening the SR and reducing the MRT at the outdoor of summer middays. Therefore, it can be apparently said that the more shade trees or forest at the outdoor, the more effective in conditioning the outdoor space reducing the MRT and the useless SR for human activities in summertime.

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.65-69
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• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 과거의 기후변화와 이산화탄소 농도와의 상관관계를 검토하며 현재 전 지구 온난화로 인한 빙하의 녹음이 해양생태계에 미치는 영향을 기술하고자 함이나. 지구의 기후 및 환경은 지구의 역사 45 억년 이후로 수 없이 급격히 변해왔다. 지질연대표에 의하면 고생대, 중생대, 신생대의 경계면은 생물체의 멸종 및 급격한 환경변화에 의해서 경계 지워진다. (중략)

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper Is to propose a dubbed signal time-synchroniztion technique based on the SOLA(Synchronized Over-Lap and Add) method which has been widely used to modify the time scale of speech signal. In broadcasting audio recording environments, the high degree of background noise requires dubbing process. Since the time difference between the original and the dubbed signal ranges about 200mili seconds, process is required to make the dubbed signal synchronize to the corresponding image. The proposed method finds he starting point of the dubbing signal using the short-time energy of the two signals. Thereafter, LPC cepstrum analysis and DTW(Dynamic Time Warping) process are applied to synchronize phoneme positions of the two signals. After determining the matched point by the minimum mean square error between orignal and dubbed LPC cepstrums, the SOLA method is applied to the dubbed signal, to maintain the consistency of the corresponding phase. Effectiveness of proposed method is verified by comparing the waveforms and the spectrograms of the original and the time synchronized dubbing signal.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.545-551
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• 2023

As digital information is readily available to everyone today, the adoption of digital evidence is increasing. However, it is virtually impossible to determine the authenticity of forgery in the case of a voice recording file that has gone through a sophisticated editing process along with the spread of various voice file editing tools. This study aims to prove that forgery, which is difficult to distinguish from the original file, is possible by using insertion, deletion, linking, and synthetic editing technologies in voice recording files. This study presents the difficulty of detecting forgery by encoding a forged voice file with the same extension as the original. In addition, it was shown that forgery detection is impossible if additional transition band deletion and secondary encoding are performed only for experiments in which features occurred. Through this, this study is expected to contribute to the establishment of more stringent evidence admissibility criteria for adopting voice recording files as digital evidence.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.259-262
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• 2001

인간이 실제 생활에서 느끼는 입체음향을 녹음해서 재생기를 통해 듣고자하는 시도는 역사적으로 이미 한 세기가 지났으나 아직도 실감 있는 입체음향 녹음 및 재생기법 연구는 계속진행 중에 있다. 스피커 혹은 헤드폰으로 전후, 좌우, 상하의 모든 방향 및 거리감까지도 재생시킬 수 있는 있어야 진정한 입체음향이라 말할 수 있겠지만 많은 오디오 기기 제조업체들이 홍보효과를 위해 입체음향을 부적절하게 사용함으로써 일반 사용자들은 입체음향에 대해 많이 혼돈하고 있는 실정이다. 정확한 의미로 오늘날 대부분의 오디오 기기를 차지하고 있는 스테레오 사운드는 1차원(좌우 축)사운드라고 말할 수 있으며, 극장 사운드는 2차원(좌우, 전후 축)사운드이며 상용화된 3차원 사운드 제품은 아직 존재하지 않는다고 말할 수 있다 본 논문에서는 현재 연구 중인 "방송을 위한 입체음향 생성 및 재생 기법" 중 대표적인 바이노럴 기법과 Ambisonic 기법 및 문제점에 대해 알아보았다

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.482-486
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• 2009

Conventional music players offer simple replay and one way entertainment. The paper presents an algorithm to extract, within a digitally recorded music file, the temporal information of a sequence of target notes (i.e. melody). We assume to have the score (e.g. MIDI or printed score), and using this information, it becomes possible to first sequentially predict the probable location of the target notes. However, recorded music is hardly performed according to the score, especially temporally. Thus, additional analysis is carried out to hone in on the exact location of the target note from the initially predicted location. This prediction and correction process is repeated to find one note after another. This allows us to develop an interactive music player that is enacted by rhythmic interaction, and induce a new user experience, i.e. as if one is playing the music oneself.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.234-239
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• 2013

Learning a lesson about poor concentration and problems of the existing content, the system of language which could not be determined, Many teachers' assessment decision was made. As a result, voice recording based on the combination of ubiquitous technology and virtual reality technology, and install the projector in a classroom Through the learning content corresponding grade English student ID card attached RFID reader in each classroom, and students of RFID tags attached. In reality of the virtual three-dimensional image content foreigners and question-and-answer using the voice recording technology at the same time check the pronunciation and intonation level passes or level failure judged. Student education data to a central server system is configured to do so after saving to the DB through a feedback process, which provides information. Analysis of the issues that can have a common language content in the present study and Problem for voice recording technology to solve the problem and did not solve the existing language in the content level based classes.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06c
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• pp.127-130
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 문맥 종속 또는 문맥 독립형 화자 인식에서의 단점을 개선하는 방법으로 문맥 제시형 화자 인식을 수행하였다. 문맥 종속형 화자 인식은 제한된 문장이나 단어를 발성하여 출입 판별을 하는 방식으로 구현하기는 쉬우나 사칭자가 사용자의 목소리를 흉내낼 수 있으며[1], 문맥 독립형 화자 인식은 임의의 대화 문장이나 대화를 사용에게 유도하여 일정 시간 동안 녹음한 후에 이를 이용하여 사칭자가 접근을 허가 받을 수 있다는 단번이 있다. 또한 문맥 독립형 화자 인식에서는 접근 허가를 받기까지 많은 학습 시간이 필요하며 학습 시간이 적을 경우에 상당한 인식률의 저하가 발생된다. 문맥 제시형 화자 인식은 랜덤하게 제시된 단어만을 화자가 발성함으로써 특정한 문장이나 단어의 배열을 미리 녹음했다가 재생하는 방법을 배제할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 동시에 학습을 위한 많은 시간을 소모하지 않는다는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 화자로 하여금 랜덤하게 제시된 여러 개의 단어들을 순서적으로 발성하도록 하여, 발성 단어를 인식한 후에 인식된 단어를 통하여 화자를 판별하는 방법을 사용하였다.