• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.109-139
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• 2004

The first successful sustained powered flight by Wright Brothers was further extended to the rapid development of aviation technology, that led to transpacific flights, the invention of supersonic planes, and enabled hundreds of people to travel in the space, in addition to the fact that around 10 people had stepped on the moon, all of which were made possible within the very same century. However, on the back side of this most wondrous human technology, the vulnerableness to the aviation accident has been constantly accompanied with, right from the very beginning stage of the aircraft development. Moreover, the development of future aircraft is being focused on the aircraft performance, the increment of the number of passengers aboard and also its speed. In proportion to these phenomena of mega sizing the aircraft, the development of new technology and the increment of air traffic volume, the number of aviation accident is expected to augment, resulting in the enormous loss of human lives and properties. In order to prevent the disastrous aviation accident as such, it is essential to conduct the accident investigation in a specialized, systematic and scientific manner. In search for the method to attain the effective function of the aviation accident investigation organization, in this study, issues were examined as follows: The full-time Board Members and the establishment of an integrated investigation agency, The systematized security of status as an accident investigator, Inclusion of a human factors specialist in the investigator group organization, liability limit of an accident investigator Stipulation of the definition and the investigation scope of an accident and serious incident, along with the main body of conducting the investigation into the accident involving both civil and public aircraft, in the regulations related to the accident investigation.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.171-182
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• 2007

For minimizing the effect on the focus of civil traffic and environment conditions related to the excavation at the traffic jamming points, an underground station tunnel was planned with 35.5 m in length and bigger area than $200\;m^2$ in sedimentary rock mass. It faced the case that the overburden was just under 13 m. Not based on a pattern design but on the case histories of similar projects and arching effect, the design of large section tunnel under shallow overburden was investigated on three design subjects which are shape effect on the section area, application method of support pressure, and supporting and tunnel safety. According to the mechanical effect from section shape, a basic design and a preliminary design was obtained, and then supporting method of large section was planned by the supporting of NATM and a pipe roof method for subsidence prevention and mechanical stability. From the comparative study between both designs, it was found that the basic design was suitable and acceptable for the steel alignment of tunnel lining, safety and the design parameter restricted by the limit considered as partition of the excavation facilities. Through the analysis result of preliminary design showing the mechanical stability without stress concentration in tunnel arch level, it also was induced that shape effect of the large section area and yielding load obtained from deformation zone in the surrounding rock mass of tunnel have to be considered as major topics for the further development of design technique on the large section tunnel.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.185-200
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• 2012

It has been reported that world population continues to increase so that a matter of food security can be a world-wide problem for mankind. An anticipated rise in world population of 30% and the subsequent increased demand for food brings with it challenges in terms of global resource usage and food security. However, ruminant livestock production and consumption make a large contribution to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions which can be attributable to food production. Given the association between GHG and climate change, this is clearly of great concern to the livestock industry worldwide. Nevertheless, ruminant livestock also play an important role in global food security as they can convert the plant cell wall materials and non-protein nitrogen compounds, found widely in plants but indigestible to all monogastric animals including man, into high value proteins for human consumption. Much effort has been made to maximize animal production, feed conversion ratio, and to improve animal breeding in ruminant agriculture. In addition improving feed formulation techniques, developing chemical additives, plant extracts, and new plant varieties for grazing have been tested. Future ruminant production systems will need to capitalize on important benefits of ruminants. It is therefore suggested that ruminant agriculture has a key role to play in maintaining and enhancing provision of quality proteins and essential nutrients for human being but the challenge of reducing GHG emissions, and methane in particular, needs to be successfully addressed.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of start-ups by industry based on the theoretical background of entrepreneurship. For this purpose, regional industrial structure and local labor market structure are considered in order to focus on regional factors in addition to economic factors, income factors, and technological innovation factors. As an analyzed result, three theories of entrepreneurship generally agree with the determinants of industry - specific entrepreneurship. During the economic recession, the number of start-ups has increased. The intra-regional consumption and the local government expenditure per capita have also positive effects on the start-up. The incubation center has a positive effect on the start - up in the manufacturing sector. Therefore, the academic-industrial leading various incubation facilities should be activated in addition to the central or local government leading incubation centers, which is a part of the policy to support start-ups of central and local governments. In addition, population growth is a very important factor in terms of potential demand creation, and the characteristics of regional industrial structure and the effect of human capital within the region differ by industry. In the case of the manufacturing industry, the accumulation effect positively influences the start-up of the industry. In other service industries, the human capital variable had the greatest effect on the start-up when all other conditions are constant.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2011

Automobile-oriented urban transport system, continued from the past in Korea, is giving rise to inefficiency and social costs in transport sector. With revitalizing usage of bicycle, human-powered transport mode, it is possible to enhance sustainable green growth, improvement of the city-competitiveness, and the quality of life. In this study, the possibility of bicycle usage promotion in Korean cities is examined at 7 points of views. As a result, though the bicycle usage is low now, we figured that there are many positive signs to increase bicycle usage in Korea. Also, we draw a diverse key policies for building green urban transport system that bicycle have a most important role on transport system. So policies to promote bicycle usage are reviewed to analyze on bicycle-oriented 5 cities, in which have high bicycle mode share. By this review, this study could draw 41 key effective policies to 3 aspects (bicycle infrastructure, safety and promotion, and policy sustainability). In addition to, importance of 21 key effective policies about bicycle infrastructure is suggested as considering city's characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.3-13
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• 2002

고석하 등(2002)은 인터넷 소매상이 상품 품목의 명목 가격과 배송료를 이용해서 고객의 일회 총 구매 비용을 조절한다는 것을 밝혔다. 고석하 등(2002)은 같은 내용의 상품 조합을 인터넷 시장에서 구매하기 위한 비용과 전통 시장에서 구매하기 위한 비용을 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 그 교호작용과 함께, 상품 종류와 일회 구매액/가격의 크기의 두 요소가 인터넷 시장의 전통 시장에 대한 총 구매비용 할인율의 변동의 약 60%내지 80%를 설명할 수 있다는 것을 보여주었다. 한편, 구매액/가격은 인터넷 시장에서의 해당 산포도(전통 시장의 그것에 대비한)에는 거의 영향을 미치지 못하며, 상품의 종류도 산포도에는 할인율에서와 같이 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 인터넷 시장의 가격이나 구매비용 산포도는 상품 특성이나 구매액 크기 이외의 다른 요인에 의해서 주로 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 가격 요인 이외의 경제적 경쟁요인에 관한 실증연구로서, 2002년 6월 17일부터 20일까지, 소프트웨어, PC와 주변기기, 휴대폰, 가전제품, CD, 화장품, 그리고 책의 7가지 산업 전문 쇼핑몰과 종합 쇼핑몰을 대상으로, 인터넷 시장에서 수행되고 있는 경제적인 비 가격 경쟁요인에 관한 실증 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과, 인터넷 시장에서 수행되고 있는 경제적인 비 가격 경쟁요인은 매우 다양하며, 상품별로도 다른 특성을 보이고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 인터넷 소매상의 경제적인 비 가격 경쟁요인은 크게 배송료 면제와 배송료 외 인센티브 제도로 구분된다 본 논문에서는 경제적인 비 가격 경쟁요인의 모든 경우의 수를 고려할 수 있도록, 코드표를 작성하여 정리하고 분석하였다.전체 분석정보의 공유가 필수적으로 발생하게 됨으로, 유전체 정보와 임상정보의 통합은 미래 의료환경에 필수기능이 될 것이다. 3) 각 생명공학 연구소에서 사용하는 첨단 분석 장비와 생명공학 정보시스템의 자동 연계가 필요하다. 현재 국내에는 전국적인 초고속정보망이 가동되어 웹을 기반으로 하는 생명정보의 공유는 기술적으로 문제가 될 수 없으나 임상정보의 유전체연구에 그리고 유전체연구정보의 임상활용은 다양한 문제를 내포하고 있다. 이에 영상을 포함한 환자정보의 유전체연구센터와 병원정보시스템과의 효율적인 연계통합 운영을 위해 국내에서는 초기 도입단계에 있는 국제적인 보건의료정보의 표준인 Health Level 7 (textural information 공유), DICOM (image 및 wave 공유), 관련 ISO표준, WHO의 ICD9/10 (질병분류), LOINC (검사 및 관련용어), SNOMED International (의학용어) 등을 활용하여야 한다.matrix. The prediction system gives about 50% of sensitivity and 98% of specificity, Based on the PID matrix, we develop a system providing several interaction information-finding services in the Internet. The system, named PreDIN (Prediction-oriented Database of Interaction Network) provides interacting domain finding services and interacting protein

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.312-320
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• 2009

Stable cell preservation is an essential factor in the regenerative medicine for cell therapies and transplantation of biologic materials. In this study, we studied to provide more stable hypothermic preservation by protection of cell damage during the preservation at $4^{\circ}C$. The result of searching for key components that have excellent efficacy in hypothermic preservation of cells, we have identified the fact that the hypothermic preservation adding protein hydrolysates such as yeast hydrolysate is far superior to others. All protein hydrolysates that are derived from animal, plant and microbe sources have superior efficacy, especially the peptides which have molecular weights under 10 kDa have the best efficacy among the components of protein hydrolysate. The protein hydrolysates prevented the decrease of ATP level in the cells caused by hypothermic environment and they inhibited the generation of ROS. Adding antioxidants and control agents of osmotic pressure were showed to have more superior efficacy in hypothermic preservation. Finally, KUL261 solution (DMEM/F12 1 : 1 medium, yeastolate 1%, $\alpha$-tocopherol $100{\mu}M$, dextran 2.5%), the preservation solution developed in this study, showed the best efficacy in both cell viability and cell growth more than other conventional preservation solutions. In conclusion, the improved hypothermic preservation solution that contains the protein hydrolysates as a key component provide the best preservation efficacy. It provides better efficacy than other preservation solutions and will contribute to both the development of regenerative medicine and global commercialization in this therapeutic field.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.269-292
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• 2006

The current environmental problem is global, and threatens the very existence of human beings. Many factors have been argued as the causes of environmental problem. The examples include anthroponcentric human perspective on nature, increase in the knowledge on nature, development of technology, economic growth and unequal distribution, and population increase, etc. The scholars who argues population increase have focused on over-population. However, the estimation of optimum population size has not been attempted in terms of environmental carrying capacity. In such a context, this paper aims at estimating optimum population size in South Korea in terms of environmental carrying capacity. The estimation was done from two approaches. One was based on the state of environment, the other was based on 'the desirable state of environment' Koreans expect. The former is termed an objective approach, while the latter is termed an approach based on social consensus. About 47.5 millions were estimated from the former approach, and 48.5 millions from the latter approach. However, optimum population size increase by 50.5 millions if government increase environmental budget to 2.00% among total budget. As such, different optimum population size is estimated according to the values of variables. The most significant variable determining optimum population size is environmental budget, and followed by supply of clean energy. The estimated optimum population size was based on the time-series data from 1993 to 2002. Therefore, time-series data collected from other years will result in different estimation model, and then different optimum population size will be estimated.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.43-55
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to derive indicators and development directions to be considered when planning new towns in the Seoul metropolitan area as new towns are planned to be built. To this end, the following implications were derived after analyzing the survey data of experts in each field using Frequency Analysis and Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) technique. First, the assessment results of the existing first and second phase new towns showed that there were many negative assessments of citizen participation and information sharing, smart technologies and services, social and cultural diversity and inclusion. Regarding the third phase new town, experts said that the most important indicators are accessibility and convenience of transportation, environmental comfort, quality and service of residence. In addition, experts cited the superiority of landscape/design, jobs/self-sufficiency and social/cultural diversity as important indicators. Second, after examining whether the perceptions and assessments of experts differ depending on individual characteristics such as gender, age, occupation, and professional field, the first and second phase new towns showed significant differences only in "gender", and the third phase new town had significant differences in "gender" and "professional field". Third, experts thought that changes in population structure, industry and jobs, quality of life and diversity, environment and climate change, and social and residential welfare should be considered important in the planning of third phase new town. In addition, experts considered expanding park and self-sufficient land as important in the land use plan, and ranked eco-city as a desirable type of the city, and public transportation facilities, park areas and education facilities as the most important living infrastructure.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.5-14
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• 2002

The amusement design of a large amusement park, including theme park, largely consists of attraction design, the main facilities, and auxiliary facilities design. The purpose of this study was to discuss the physical motion characteristics of major ride, a recently highlighted representative ride attraction, modern people's thirst for stronger stimuli, and some of the right future directions for amusement design. In theme park, there is an growing trend for rides, especially major rides, to be more thrilling, and Newton's Law motion is basically applied. The rides we can often see provides a thrilling experience that is different from that offered by vehicles we use everyday, due to a variety of speed change, namely of acceleration. Every entertainment facilities, including ride attractions, are externally cutting edge with the use of new technology. but internally, poor theme or concept not only makes it difficult to function properly as attraction but poses a severe threat to theme park survival itself. Theme park will be able to exist as a comprehensive entertainment entity, when attractions are designed to have a perfect harmony among story, method and environment with cultural universality.