• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.874-877
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• 2003

Necrotizing bronchial aspergillosis usually occurs in the immumocompromised host. Aspergillus invades bronchial epithelium and forms endobronchial mass or endobronchial stenosis. A 78-year-old male patient with diabetus mellitus complaining of dyspnea and cough was admitted to our hospital. Plain chest X-ray and chest computed tomogram showed a large endobronchial mass and total collapse of left upper lobe of the lung. Bronchoscopic biopsy of the endobronchial mass revealed chronic inflammation. To confirm the endobronchial mass, we performed sleeve lobectomy of left upper lobe of the lung. Histologically the mass was diagnosed as necrotizing bronchial aspergillosis. We report a case of necrotizing bronchial aspergillosis in an elderly man who has diabetus mellitus with review of the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.800-803
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• 2010

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is an uncommon benign disease of an unknown etiology and it affects the cartilaginous walls of large airways. Most cases of TO have been reported to involve the lower two-thirds of the trachea and the proximal bronchi. Unlike the usual cases of TO, exclusive bronchial involvement and the formation of a solitary mass are very rare. We experienced an unusual case that had exclusive bronchial involvement and the formation of a solitary mass and this all mimicked lung malignancy. After surgical resection, we were finally able to diagnose the mass as bronchopathia osteochondroplastica.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.737-743
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• 2022

Aspergillus tracheobronchitis, an uncommon form of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, is characterized by the development of a pseudomembrane, ulcers, or an obstruction that is predominantly confined to the tracheobronchial tree. Pseudomembranous Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is the most severe form of Aspergillus tracheobronchitis, and only a few cases have been reported in Korea. We report the characteristic chest CT findings in a patient diagnosed with pseudomembranous Aspergillus tracheobronchitis after bronchoscopy and successfully treated by proper antifungal treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.604-615
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• 1994

Background: Analysis of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) fluid had been used to predict the histologic changes of the bronchioles and alveoli in patients with interstitial lung diseases(ILD). Definitive diagnosis can be a1so made in some cases of ILD, such as histiocytosis. However, there are a few data of the cellular components in BAL fluid in normal Korean individuals and in patients with ILD. In order to evaluate the role of the cellular analysis of BAL fluid in prediction of alveolitis and differential diagnosis among ILDs, we compared the cellular components in BAL fluid from 50 normal individuals and 86 ILD patients. Method: BAL was performed by instillation and retrievement of normal saline with fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The cell number was counted by Hemocytometer. Differential count was done up to 500 cells on slides prepared by Diff-Quik stain and non-specific esterase stain. We compared the recovery rate(RR), cell numbers(CN), and percentages of each cellular components(CP). Results: The results were as follows: 1) There was no difference in RR, CN and CP between the normal smoker group and normal non-smoker group. 2) Total cell numbers recoverd in BAL fluid increased in collagen vascular diseases(CVD), hypersensitivity pneumonitis(HP), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF), and miliary tuberculosis(Mil TBC) groups. 3) The percentage of lymphocytes increased in HP, IPF and Mil TBC groups. Macrophage percentages increased in HP, IPF, and Mil TBC groups. Neutrophil percentages were increased in CVD, HP, IPF and Mil TBC groups. Eosinophil percentages were increased in HP, IPF and Mil TBC groups. The numbers of each cells showed same findings as the percentages did. Conclusion: The analysis of cellular components of BAL fluid can predict the presence of alveolitis in many cases of ILDs. However, It was not helpful in differential diagnosis among ILDs.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.360-368
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• 1998

Background: Endothelin(ET), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by endothelial cells and degraded predominantly in the pulmonary vasculature, have been implicated in the development of various organ dysfunctions. Plasma concentrations of ET-1 are reported to be elevated in patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease(DILD). But, there is no study to establish the exact source and mechanisms involved in the increased plasma ET-1 concentrations in DILD patients. Methods: 12 patients with IPF, 2 patients with sarcoidosis, 2 patients with scleroderma, 1 patient with SLE and 11 healthy volunteers were studied. ET was detected by radioimmunoassay in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) as well as in 24-hr urine specimens. For each subjects, arterial/venous(A/V) ET ratio and renal ET clearance were calculated. Results: Elevated plasma, urine and BALF ET concentrations were found in patients with DILD compared with controls. But, no significant difference was observed in ET A/V ratio and ET renal clearance between patients with DILD and controls. Conclusion: We observed that plasma ET concentrations were elevated in patients with DILD, and that the main site of ET production may be lung parenchyme.

• 한국노년학
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

Objectives. The purpose of this study is to analyze the social-environment factors by region for cause of death elderly people in Korea and to study the factors of longevity. Methods. The study included 16 regions with a total of 177,585 elderly peoples. The data in this study was collected from The National Statistical Office, Republic of Korea. Results. Those regions the highest cerebrovascular disease were Incheon County in that order. The correlation of social-environment by cause of death factors were divorce (+0.832), air pollution of Pb ; lead (+0.879), smoking (+0.895), fatness (+0.666), local tax revenue (+0.756), air pollution of SO2 (+0.602) and dirt road (+0.863). Conclusions. We should learn to live long and healthily from residence harmonized with natural environment. Longevity of elderly peoples is to be fostered for the promotion of health by control the social-environment factors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.571-575
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• 2006

Mycobacterium avium has been traditionally described as an opportunistic organism that causes disseminated disease in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients and acts as a pulmonary pathogen in patients with underlying lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or previously treated tuberculosis. Infections caused by M. avium in immunocompetent hosts usually manifest as 2 distinct subtypes, the upper lobe cavitary form and the nodular bronchiectatic form. However endobronchial lesions due to M. avium infections in immunocompetent host are reasonably rare, and there are no reports of this condition in Korea. We report here a case of endobronchial lesions involved in an M. avium infection in an immunocompetent 21 year-old female patient with no preexisting lung disease.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 2000

This study was pe바ormed to observe the effects of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC (3 years) extracts on the bronchus d diseases bacteria(Mycobacterium sp., K. pneumoniae, F. nucleatum, S. aureus, C. diphtheriae, S. pygogenes and N N. gonorrhoeae) and fungi(A. fumigatus). Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC was extracted by ethanol, water, ethyl ether and p petroleum ether. The extraction rates of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC were identified as 71.8%, 100%, 15.4% and 14.1% i in each extract solution. Each extract solution was injected into culture media with several concentrations and then the b bacteria cell growth was investigated during 32 hours. As a result, the antimicrobial activities of extracts from ethyl ether and p petroleum ether were excellent. Among several concentrations, the percentage of bacteria cell growth inhibitions were observed to be from 0.06% to 0.14%. The rates of antimicrobial activities were over 70%. The degree of cell growth | inhibition of each bacteria was appeared in the order of ethyl ether > petroleum ether > water > ethanol.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.9 s.254
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• pp.652-655
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• 2005

In comparison to parenchymal hamartoma, endobronchial hamartoma is rare benign neoplasm of the lung. Most parenchymal hamariomas are asymptomatic and are found incidentally. However, endobronchial hamartomas are frequently discovered through respiratory symptoms as a result of bronchial irritation or obstruction. A 47-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital due to dry cough f month prior to admission. On bronchoscopic examination, a polypoid mass was found completely obliterating the anterior segmental bronchus of the left upper lobe. We report a case of endobronchial chondroid hamartoma, which was resected by anterior segmentectomy of the left upper lobe.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.332-341
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• 1995

Background: Measurement of bronchodilator response is necessary to establish reversibility of airflow obstruction that was helpful to estimate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in obstructive airway disease. An useful index should be able to detect the bronchodilator response more sensitively not related with degree of airflow obstruction and also be independent of initial $FEV_1$. Method: Sensitivities of bronchodilator response in each group classified by degree of airflow obstruction in $FEV_1$, FVC, $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, sGaw were studied and correlation coefficients were calculated between initial $FEV_1$ and reversibilities expressed as absolute, %initial, % predicted, %possible in $FEV_1$. Result: Sensitivities of bronchodilator response were 61.5% in FVC, Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$ and sGaw, in severe group, and 56.3% in Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$ and sGaw, in moderate group, and 62.5% in $FEV_1$ and sGaw and 50.0% in FVC and Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, in mild group, and 60.0% in sGaw and 58.0% in Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$ in total patients. Correlation coefficients between initial $FEV_1$(L) and absolute, % initial, % predicted, % possible were 0.15, -0.22(p<0.05), 0.02, 0.24(p<0.05) and correlation coefficients between initial $FEV_1$(% predicted) and absolute, % initial, % predicted, %possible were 0.06, -0.28(p<0.05), 0.08, 0.39(p<0.05). Conclusion: Volume related parameters were more sensitive index not related with degree of airway obstruction and the change in $FEV_1$ expressed as % predicted was the least dependent on initial $FEV_1$ and reversibilities, expressed as % initial or as % possible(predicted minus initial $FEV_1$)were correlated with initial $FEV_1$.