• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.117-157
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• 2021

This research reviewed the HIPAA/HITECH, 21st Century Cures Act, Common Law, and private Guidances from the perspectives in protecting and utilitizing the medical data, while implications were followed. First, the standards for protection and utilization are relatively clearly regulated through single law on personal medical information in the United States. The HIPAA has been introduced in 1996 as fundamental act on protection of medical data. Medical data was divided into personally identifiable information, non-identifying information, and limited dataset under HIPAA. Regulations on de-identification measures for medical information, objects for deletion of limited data sets, and agreement on prohibition of data re-identification were stipulated. Moreover, in the 21st Century Cures Act regulated mutual compatibility for data sharing, prohibition of data blocking, and strengthening of accessibility of data subjects. Common Law introduced comprehensive consent system and clearly stipulates procedures. Second, the regulatory system is relatively simplified and clearly stipulated in the United States. To be specific, the expert consensus and the safe harbor system were introduced as an anonymity measure for identifiable medical information, which clearly defines the process while increasing trust. Third, the protection of the rights of the data subject is specified, the duty of explanation is specified in detail, while the information right of the consumer (opt-out procedure) for identification information is specified. For instance, the HHS rule and FDA regulations recognize the comprehensive consent system for human research, but the consent procedure, method, and requirements are stipulated through the common rule. Fourth, in the case of the United States, a trust-based system is being used throughout the health and medical data legislation. To be specific, Limited Data Sets are allowed to use in condition to the researcher's agreement to prohibit re-identification, and de-identification or consent process is simplified under the system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04b
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• pp.163-165
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• 2004

HTML의 ＜TABLE＞ 태그는 연관된 정보를 기술하기 위한 테이블은 물론이고 웹 문서의 레이아웃을 표현하기 위하여 사용된다 본 논문에서는 웹으로부터 유용한 정보를 추출하기 위한 목적의 일환으로 HTML 문서로부터 테이블을 식별하는 효율적인 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 전처리와 속성-값 연관관계에 추출의 두 단계로 구성된다. 전처리 단계에서는 진짜 테이블 또는 레이아웃용으로 사용된 ＜TABLE＞ 태그의 일반적인 특징을 반영한 규칙을 적용하여 진짜 또는 가짜로 명확히 식별이 가능한 ＜TABLE＞ 태그를 추출한다. 속성-값 연관관계 추출 단계에서는 테이블 영역을 속성 및 값 영역으로 구분한 후. 값 영역에 대하여 구문적 일관성 검사를 수행한다 또한 값 영역의 크기가 작아서 구문적 일관성 검사를 수행할 수 없는 경우, 속성-칸 영역의 의미적 일관성을 검사한다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 명가하기 위하여 1,393개의 HTML 문서로부터 추출한 11,477개의 ＜TABLE＞ 태그를 대상으로 실험한 결과. 평균적으로 97.54%의 정확률과 99.22%의 재현률을 보여 기존 연구보다 우수하였다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2001.10d
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• pp.115-122
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• 2001

정보추출 기법을 논의할 때 핵심 역할을 차지하는 것이 추출 패턴(규칙)을 표현하는 종류와 규칙을 만들어 내는 기계학습의 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 mDTD(modified Document Type Definition)라는 새로운 추출패턴을 제안한다. mDTD는 SGML에서 사용되는 DTD를 구문과 해석 방식을 변형하여 일반적인 HTML에서의 정보추출에 활용되도록 설계하였다. 이러한 개념은 DTD가 문서에 나타나는 객체를 지정하는 역할을 하는 것을 역으로 mDTD를 이용하여 문서에 나타는 객체를 식별하는데 사용하는 것이다. mDTD 규칙을 순차기계학습으로 확장시켜서 한국어와 영어로된 인터넷 쇼핑몰 중에서 AV(Audio and Visual product) 도메인에 적용하여 실험하였다 실험 결과로 정보추출의 평균 정확도은 한국어와 영어에 대해서 각각 91.3%와 81.9%를 얻었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.1859-1862
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• 2003

기존의 IDS는 침입 가능성이 있는 데이터에 대해 많은 양의 경보데이터를 발생시키고 이를 모두 로그의 형태로 저장한다. 이 때 대량의 로그 기록이 생성되는데, 이 대량의 로그가 기록된 데이터는 관리자가 실제로 위협적인 침입을 식별하고, 침입 행위에 신속하게 대응하는 것을 어렵게 한다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 IDS가 발생시킨 대량의 경보데이터를 규칙 기반 방법론을 적용하여 침입탐지에 필요한 데이터만 추출하여 로그에 기록함으로써 관리자가 IDS 관리를 효율적으로 할 수 있는 모델을 제시한다. 이 모델은 실시간으로 갱신되는 규칙에 의해 경보데이터 중 불필요한 것은 제거하고, 유사한 것은 통합함으로써 신속한 침입 탐지를 가능케 한다.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.319-328
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• 2013

Software maintainers try to comprehend software source code by intensively using source code identifiers. Thus, use of inconsistent identifiers throughout entire source code causes to increase cost of software maintenance. Although participants can adopt peer reviews to handle this problem, it might be impossible to go through entire source code if the volume of code is huge. This paper introduces an approach to automatically detecting inconsistent identifiers of Java source code. This approach consists of tokenizing and POS tagging all identifiers in the source code, classifying syntactic and semantic similar terms, and finally detecting inconsistent identifiers by applying proposed rules. In addition, we have developed tool support, named CodeAmigo, to support the proposed approach. We applied it to two popular Java based open source projects in order to show feasibility of the approach by computing precision.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.5-7
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• 2021

최근 해양사고 발생 건수의 급격한 증가와 더불어 어선의 조업 중 안전사고로 인한 인명피해 또한 크게 증가하였다. 중앙해양안전심판원의 공식 통계에 따르면, 2017년 46명이었던 안전사고의 사망실종자는 2019년 38명으로 소폭 감소하였으나, 2020년 60명으로 크게 증가하였다. 그러나, 사망자가 감소하였던 2019년 안전사고로 인한 부상자는 164명으로 전년도 76명 대비 2배 이상 증가하며 어선원에 대한 안전재해 예방은 실효성을 갖지 못하는 실정이다. 국내 업종별 산업재해율을 비교해볼 때, 어업 재해율은 농업, 광업, 제조업, 건설업, 임업 등을 포괄한 전체 산업 평균 재해율의 약 10배에 이르며 어업인들의 안전이 큰 위협에 놓여있음을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 2017년부터 2019년의 수협중앙회의 어선원 공제보험데이터를 활용하여 선박별, 재해자별 사고 현황과 발생 형태를 분석하였다. 특히, 교차분석과 연관규칙분석기법을 통해 승선 직책별 부상 부위와 사고발생 형태를 식별하였으며, 이에 따라 직책에 따른 부상 부위를 비교하여 맞춤형 예방대책 수립을 위한 지원과, 사고발생형태의 군집 분석을 통해 발생형태간의 연결고리를 도출하여, 스위스 치즈 모델에서 제안하는 취약점(Weakness)를 식별하고, 이러한 취약점을 보완하기 위한 방어 장벽(Protective barriers)을 제언한다.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.109-128
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• 2021

This paper is to explore considerations in authority control to accommodate LRM nomen entities through the literature reviews, the analysis of RDA rules, and the opinion survey of domestic catalog experts. As a result, for authority control, considerations were proposed in the aspect of nomen's attribute elements, catalog description, and MARC authority format. First, it is necessary to describe in as much detail as possible the category, the scheme, intended audience, the context of use, the reference source, the language, the script, the script conversion as the attributes of the nomen with the status of identification, note, and indifferentiated name indicators added in RDA. Second, the description method of attribute elements and relational elements of nomen can be unstructured, structured, identifier, and IRI as suggested in RDA, and vocabulary encoding scheme (VES) and string encoding scheme (SES) should be written for structured description, Also, cataloging rules for structuring authorized access points and preferred names/title should be established. Third, an additional expansion plan based on Maxwell's expansion (draft) was proposed in order to prepare the MARC 21 authority format to reflect the LRM nomen. (1) The attribute must be described in 4XX and 5XX so that the attribute can be entered for each nomen, and the attributes of the nomen to be described in 1XX, 5XX and 4XX are presented separately. (2) In order to describe the nomen category, language, script, script conversion, context of use, and date of usage as a nomen attribute, field and subfield in MARC 21 must be added. Accordingly, it was proposed to expand the subfield of 368, 381, and 377, and to add fields to describe the context of use and date of usage. The considerations in authority control for the LRM nomen proposed in this paper will be the basis for establishing an authority control plan that reflects LRM in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2015

This study presents a probabilistic knowledge discovery method to interpret heart rate variability (HRV) based on time and frequency domain indexes, extracted using discrete wavelet transform. The knowledge induction algorithm was composed of two phases: rule generation and rule estimation. Firstly, a rule generation converts numerical attributes to intervals using ROC curve analysis and constructs a reduced ruleset by comparing consistency degree between attribute-value pairs with different decision values. Then, we estimated three measures such as rule support, confidence, and coverage to a probabilistic interpretation for each rule. To show the effectiveness of proposed model, we evaluated the statistical discriminant power of five rules (3 for atrial fibrillation, 1 for normal sinus rhythm, and 1 for both atrial fibrillation and normal sinus rhythm) generated using a data (n=58) collected from 1 channel wireless holter electrocardiogram (ECG), i.e., HeartCall$^{(R)}$, U-Heart Inc. The experimental result showed the performance of approximately 0.93 (93%) in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC measures, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.301-319
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• 2017

The task of author name disambiguation involves identifying an author with different names or different authors with the same name. The author name disambiguation is important for correctly assessing authors' research achievements and finding experts in given areas as well as for the effective operation of scholarly information services such as citation indexes. In the study, we performed error correction and normalization of data and applied rules-based author name disambiguation to compare with baseline machine learning disambiguation in order to see if human intervention could improve the machine learning performance. The improvement of over 0.1 in F-measure by the corrected and normalized email-based author name disambiguation over machine learning demonstrates the potential of human pattern identification and inference, which enabled data correction and normalization process as well as the formation of the rule-based diambiguation, to complement the machine learning's weaknesses to improve the author name disambiguation results.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.141-157
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• 2002

extensible Markup Language (XML) is a new markup language for data exchange on the Internet. In this paper, we propose a language extensible Rule Markup Language (XRML) which is an extension of XML. The implicit rules embedded in the Web pages should be identifiable, interchangeable with structured rule format, and finally accessible by various applications. It is possible to realize by using XRML. In this light, Web based Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) can be integrated with rule-based expert systems. To meet this end, we propose the six design criteria: Expressional Completeness, Relevance Linkability, Polymorphous Consistency, Applicative Universality, Knowledge Integrability and Interoperability. Furthermore, we propose three components such as RIML (Rule Identification Markup Language), RSML (Rule Structure Markup Language) and RTML (Rule Triggering Markup Language), and the Document Type Definition DTD). We have designed the XRML version 0.5 as illustrated above, and developed its prototype named Form/XRML which is an automated form processing for disbursement of the research fund in the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAISI). Since XRML allows both human and software agent to use the rules, there is huge application potential. We expect that XRML can contribute to the progress of Semantic Web platforms making knowledge management and e-commerce more intelligent. Since there are many emerging research groups and vendors who investigate this issue, it will not take long to see XRML commercial products. Matured XRML applications may change the way of designing information and knowledge systems in the near future.