• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.247-262
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• 2007

TPCK is the knowledge of intersection in mathematics, technology, and pedagogy. This study investigated a teacher's change of his TPCK. He participated in the professional development program which was designed to develop mathematics teachers' TPCK. The professional development program was based on using spreadsheets in teaching mathematics. The researcher suggests a consideration for the integration of technology in mathematics education and mathematics teacher education. The program consisted of a four week summer professional development program and three actual mathematics classroom teaching. Ten teachers took part in the program. One teacher who changed his TPCK most was selected to investigate what made it change most. Following teaching practice was the most influential factor in changing his TPCK.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2003

This study presents a design of Teachable Agent(TA) and its theoretical background. TA is an intelligent agent to which students as tutors teach, pose questions, and provide feedbacks using a concept map. TA consists of four independent Modules, Teach Module, Q&A Module, Test Module, and Resource Module. In Teach Module, students teach TA by constructing concept map. In Q&A Module, both students and TA ask questions and answer questions each other through an interactive window. To assess TA's knowledge and provide feedback to students, Test Module consists of a set of predetermined questions which TA should pass. From Resource Module, students can search and look up important information to teach, ask questions, and provide feedbacks whenever they want. It is expected that TA should provide student tutors with an active role in learning and positive attitude toward the subject matter by enhancing their cognition as well as motivation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.478-487
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to investigate which the nature of teacher behavior affects the learning flow in the context of military education. Empirical results show that the leadership of the nature of teacher behavior has a significant effect on three factors of learning flow (flow experience, transformation of time, concentration on task). In addition, the pace of class of the nature of teacher behavior is significantly related to the transformation of time and the concentration on task, and the sense of humor of the nature of teacher behavior significantly affects the concentration on task. The findings provide practical implications on how a military education institution strategically employes the leadership, the sense of humor, and the pace of class in an attempt to select and train instructors.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.487-492
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• 2006

컴퓨터 네트워크의 발전에 의해 학습 공간의 시공간적인 확대와 교육 현장에서 교수-학습 과정에 대한 새로운 교수방법을 요구되었고, 유무선 방송, 인터넷 등을 이용하여 다양한 형태의 원격교육이 구체화되어 왔다. 하지만, 현재 운영되는 대부분의 원격교육시스템은 실질적인 학습 상황에서 단방향적인 개별 학습 형태를 보이고 있고, 사용자간의 쌍방향 상호작용을 위해서는 교수자나 학습자에게 일정 수준이상의 기술적 소양과 경제적 부담을 요구한다. 또한 교수자에게는 교수-학습 상황에서 발생하는 학습자 행동에 대한 실시간적인 모니터링과 학습자의 학습과정에 대한 평가의 어려움을, 학습자에게는 자기 반성의 기회를 제대로 제공하지 못하는 문제점을 안고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 원격교육에서의 협동학습 지원, 사용자의 기술적, 경제적 부담의 제거, 학습 전(全) 과정에 대한 원활한 모니터링과 피드백 기회의 제공을 목적으로 원격협동학습 시스템을 설계하고, 이를 개발하였다. 본 연구에 의해 개발된 원격협동학습 시스템은 원격협동학습을 지원하는 네트워크 화이트보드, 학습 과정 및 결과를 자연어로 저장하는 저장 모듈, 그리고 저장된 학습 스크립트 파일을 해석하여 재생하는 스크립트 인터프리터로 구성되었다. 네트워크 화이트보드는 소프트웨어적으로 구현되어 부가적인 장치가 불필요하고, 통신 서버를 분산하여 서버 구축에 대한 부담을 제거하였고, 학습 내용 화면을 대화창으로 사용하여 사용자의 사용 편리성을 제고하였다. 또한 원격학습의 장(場)에 교수자가 참여하여 실시간적 모니터링이 가능하고, 학습의 전(全) 과정 및 결과를 저장한 자연어 스크립트 파일에 의해서도 학습자 행동에 대한 모니터링이 가능하다. 저장된 자연어 스크립트 파일은 구현된 인터프리터를 이용한 재생뿐 아니라, 파일 자체만으로도 학습과정을 판독할 수 있고, 스크립트 파일에 대한 해석은 교수자에게는 학습자의 학습 과정에 대한 평가 및 피드백의 근거를, 학습자에게는 자신의 학습 행동에 대한 반성의 기회를 제공한다. 본 시스템은 기존의 원격교육시스템에 비해 장비 및 인터페이스 측면에서 간소화되었고, 원격교육에 면대면 학습 개념을 근사적으로 접목시킨 교수 모델로서의 충분한 가치를 제공하나, 실제적인 학습 적용과 효과에 있어서의 타당성은 차후 검증이 있어야 하고, 또한, 이에 따른 시스템에 대한 지속적인 보완도 필요하다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.14A no.3 s.107
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• pp.159-166
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• 2007

A arrival of u-teaming paradigm requires many u-teaming system and model that is varied and support to distance education, Accordingly, the distance education system in u-learning environment has attracted a fair amount of critical attention. However there remain many questions, as yet unresolved, such as it is difficult to maintain interaction between tutor and learner, the construction of system is a great expense to them, a tutor, who manages the system, lacks technologic background, in most current distance education system. To solve these problem, some preliminary observations have to be made first: to keep teaming process in situation that it is unconnected with tutor, to construct the system economically, and to make to be easy-to-use. Therefore, in this paper, we develop the 'Intelligent U-Learning System using Cyber Tutor', which includes the conception of u-learning such as mobility, immanency, supports to keep learning without real tutor by cyber tutor, and removes technological and economical costs, verify the validity.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.145-157
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of early childhood teachers' professionalism in teaching and job satisfaction on their teaching efficacy. The relationship between professionalism in teaching, job satisfaction, and teaching efficacy of early childhood teachers was also investigated. Methods: The subjects of the study were 761 early childhood teachers. The survey included the teaching efficacy measurement, the professionalism measurement, and job satisfaction measurement. The collected data were analysed using descriptive data analyses, Pearson correlation analyses, and multiple regression analyses utilizing SPSS 22.0 program. Results: There were statistically significant positive correlations between early childhood teachers' professionalism in teaching, job satisfaction, and teaching efficacy. In addition, statistically significant effects of early childhood teachers' professionalism in teaching and job satisfaction on their teaching efficacy were found. Conclusion/Implications: The results implicate the importance of supports for early childhood teachers' development in professionalism in teaching and job satisfaction that would enhance their teaching efficacy, resulting in high quality education for young children.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.373-379
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• 2023

Creative teaching methods can be beneficial in enhancing creativity and self-directed learning abilities in the classroom. However, there may be some specific learning tasks where applying creative teaching methods can be difficult. This is because students may not have completed the necessary prerequisite learning before performing the learning task, leading to low reliability of task results or meaninglessness. This study aims to propose teaching methods that enhance creativity and self-directed learning ability when performing learning tasks that may not have sufficient prior learning. To achieve this, we present a case of applying creative teaching methods to a learning task called "national threats". As a research procedure, we provide a suitable teaching method model and detailed procedures for the given learning task, and apply them in actual classes. The results showed that applying the presented teaching methods for the learning task produced meaningful academic achievements. This study can be valuable not only for enhancing creativity in education but also for interdisciplinary research in fields such as education and national security.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.619-633
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• 2010

To offer insights in organizing professional development programs to promote teachers' substantial ongoing learning, this paper provides an overview of situative perspectives in terms of cognition as situated, cognition as social, and cognition as distributed. Then, it describes research findings on how mathematics teachers can enhance their knowledge and thus improve their instructional practices through participation in a professional development program that mainly provides opportunities to learn and analyze students' mathematical thinking and to perform mathematical tasks through which they interpret the understanding of students' mathematical thinking. Further, it shows that a knowledge of students' mathematical thinking is a powerful tool for teacher learning. In addition, it suggests that teacher-researcher and teacher-teacher collaborative activities influence considerably teachers' understanding and practice as such collaborations help teachers understand new ideas of teaching and develop innovative instructional practices.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-46
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• 2004

This study investigated a 7-week summer science research apprenticeship program for gifted high school students in U.S. The purpose of the study was to examine the reasons why the high school student participated in the program, the students' perceptions on the benefits of the apprenticeship program, and to investigate mentors' perceptions on assessment and mentorship of the students' projects. For this study, laboratory works and group meetings were observed, students' journal and research products were analyzed, and interviews were administrated with student apprentices and some mentors. The result revealed that the main reasons of students' participation were to perform research with university professionals, to understand the scientific research, and to explore their college/career decisions. Students' participation was strongly associated with their internal motivation and interests. The students perceived the benefits of the apprenticeship program as providing them with the experience of the nature of real scientific research, of learning of scientific knowledge on the focus area, and wiser college/career decisions. Students' projects were assessed and guided through on-going interactions and cognitive apprenticeship between mentors and student apprentices.

• School Mathematics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.167-189
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• 2003

Mental arithmetic has recently gained a higher profile in primary school mathematics. The study aims to reflect didactical background of mental arithmetic in number and operations curriculum for primary school mathematics. In order to attain these purposes, the present paper describes the meaning of mathematical literacy and didactical background of mental arithmetic on which have been laid emphasis in relation to mathematical literacy in many countries. Also it shows current suggestions for mental arithmetic instruction in Everyday Mathematics Project in USA, Numeracy Number Project in Great Britain, TAL project based on Realistic Mathematics Education in the Netherlands, and mathe 2000 project in German in order to gain practical ideas for teaching mental arithmetic. Furthermore, it discusses mental strategies of students and didactical models for improving mental arithmetic instruction based on the results of many researches. Under these theoretical foundations, it is analyzed how mental arithmetic is developed in our number and operations curriculum, focused on mental strategies and didactical models. Finally, implications for improving our mental arithmetic instruction are discussed.