• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1419-1429
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• 2010

Industry structure and environment of the domestic bank have been changed by an influx of large foreign-banks and advanced financial products when the currency crisis erupted in Korea. In a competitive environment, accurate forecasts of changes and tendencies are essential for the survival and development. Forecast of whether to approve loan applications for customer or not is an important matter because that is related to profit generation and risk management on the bank. Therefore, this paper proposes the method to improve forecast accuracy of loan underwriting. Processes in experiments are as follows. First, we select the predictor variables which affect significantly to the result of loan underwriting by correlation analysis and feature selection technique, and then cluster the customers by the 2-Step clustering technique based on selected variables. Second, we find the most accurate forecasting model for each clustering by applying LR, NN and SVM. Finally, we compare the forecasting accuracy of the proposed method with the forecasting accuracy of existing application way.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.347-360
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• 2011

This paper is to identifies relationship between service quality, trust toward employees, trust toward store and store loyalty by investigate how service quality influences on trust toward employees and trust toward store, and its, in turn, influence on store loyalty and explain the moderating effect in relationships between service quality and trust toward employees, and service qualty and trust toward store in bank services setting. A survey study was conducted to collect the data with the actual service purchasers at domestic mayor banks. Analysis of structural equation modeling with AMOS 18.0 was performed to test the research hypothesis. The results of the study are as follows: First, it was found to the moderating effect in relationships between empathy dimension of service quality and trust toward employees, and assurance dimension of service quality and trust toward store. Second, service quality shows differential effects on both trust toward employees and trust toward store by dimension but trust toward employees influence on both trust toward store and it, in turn, influence on store loyalty. To sum up, it have to build empathy of service quality for increase of trust toward their customer who have high duration of relationship and have to build assurance of service quality for increase of trust toward store in bank service settings.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.199-237
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• 2006

The relationship between growth and distribution, which has been revealed through many empirical evidences, is that growth is distribution neutral on average and high asset inequality could be a hindrance of economic growth. The growth versus distribution dichotomy is false, as poverty reduction requires blending policy of growth and distribution both theoretically and empirically. At this present, the pro-poor growth policy, which has been recommended by the World Bank, should be urgently needed in Korea to achieve the reduction of absolute poverty through the harmony between growth and distribution. However, it is not easy to expect the reduction of absolute poverty if the Korean government, in means of reducing absolute inequality, pursues anti-polarization policy. Specifically, we cannot deny the existence of negative correlation between absolute poverty and absolute inequality on average.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.41-54
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• 2016

We examine the information transmission between the business survey index(BSI) based on the returns data offered by Federation of Korean Industries and KOSPI Index based on the returns data offered by Korea Bank. The data includes monthly return data from January 1998 to September 2015. The results of the analysis are as follows. Firstly, results of Granger Causality test suggests the existence of mutual causality KOSPI Index precede and have explanatory power BSI. Secondly, the results of impulse response function suggest that BSI Index show immediate response to KOSPI Index and are influenced by till time 4 From time 2 the impact gradually disappears. Also KOSPI Index show immediate response to BSI and are influenced by till time 4 From time 2 the impact gradually disappears. Lastly, the variance decomposition analysis showed a high influence of the KOSPI Index on the BSI and significant influence of the BSI on the KOSPI Index. This implies that returns on the KOSPI Index have a significant influence over returns on the BSI. The study is a further extension of existing studies on information transmission mechanism between the BSI and KOSPI. Finally, our results can be used as a guide by the Korea Bank and Republic of Korea and as well as Federation of Korean Industries.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 2002

This study was conducted to diagnose the health of street trees with physiological characters, and to figure out the relation of physiological characters and cambial electrical resistances. Ginkgo biloba, Prunes serrulata and Salix koreensis were chosen in the Cheonan City. Soils under trees were collected to analyze dehydrogenase activities, and chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase and superoxide dismutase activities were analyzed from leaves sampled at the edge of crown in July. Cambial electrical resistances were measured in May, July and September, Soils with low dehydrogenase activity reflected the level of pollution. Chlorophyll content was the lowest in the leaves of P. serrulata at the Dongseo-street. Nitrate reductase activity of Ginkgo biloba was higher than P. serruluta and Satix koreensis. Nitrate reductase activity showed higher activity in the city than control(Independence Hall and Yonam College), but superoxide dismutase activity in the city lower than control. P. serruzatu in the Dongseo-street that cambial electrical resistance increase continuously during the growing season, showed the loss of vitality Cambial electrical resistance was negatively or positively correlated with nitrate reductase($r^2$=-0.566) and superoxide dismutase activity($r^2$=0.579). It was concluded that cambial electrical resistance might be suitable for diagnosing the tree health.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.96-104
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• 1997

A silkworm Bombyx mori genomic DNA library was constructed from polyphagous J111 strain and unpolyphagous $C_3$ strain to develop the genomic study by DNA makers. Genomic DNAs of two strains were digested with restriction enzyme EcoRI and ligated into pUC18. The ligated plasmids were transferred into E. coli host strain DH5$\alpha$. When the genomic DNAs were hybridized with insert DNAs from transformant, could be categorized from hybridization patterns to three groups as high repetitive sequence, moderately repetitive sequence, and low-copy number sequences. A total of 219 clones containing single or low-copy number sequence inserts were examined for any polymorphisms between two strains of J111 and $C_3$. Forty six clones showed RFLPs and 10 of these clones were used as a probe of analysis of $F_2$ population derived from crossing between J111 and $C_3$ strain. The genetic inheritance tested with each clones will be important tools to construct the genetic map of the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.25-28
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• 1980

The purpose of the this study was to compare the torlent tree to drought among the Pinus koraiensis, Abies holophylla, and Ginkgo biloba. The water relations parameters of leafy shoots were measured by the Pressure chamber technique from August 10 to September 4 in 1980. On the water relations parameters such as original osmotic pressure(${\pi}_0$), osmotic pressure(${\pi}_p$) and relative water content (RWC) at incipient plasmolysis, and Vp/Vo ratio of the volume of osmotic water (Vp) at incipient plasmolysis to total symplasmic water (Vo) basis, the Abies holophylla shoots showed ontogenetically a superior osmoregulation which are closely associated with drought resistance compared with Pinus koraiensis, and the Ginkgo biloba shoots showed the heighest among these three species.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.25-47
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• 2013

In China, the commercial bank credit financing is the most important external financing channel for SMEs. However, the lack of credit guarantee significantly deters commercial banks to finance SMEs. which may generate a negative impact on the trade activities of SME in China. In this paper we examine the risk of credit guarantee for SMEs financing and the factors affecting this risk through a VAR (Value-at-Risk) model. Our analysis shows that the scale of enterprises' impact on the VAR (risk of financing guarantee) is not much relevant. We also find that the certainty of financing for SMEs, such as the fixed asset ratio, has a significant and negative effect on the VAR of Chinese credit guarantee institutions. The product uniqueness is positively correlated with the VAR, and operation risk is also positively related to the credit risk of Chinese credit guarantee institutions.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.89-112
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• 1991

본고(本稿)는 금융시장(金融市場)의 규모(規模)와 금융산업구조(金融産業構造)와의 관계에 대한 몇가지의 가설(假說)을 미국(美國), 영국(英國), 독일(獨逸), 프랑스, 캐나다, 이탈리아, 스웨덴, 벨기에, 네덜란드, 스페인 등 11개 OECD국가와 한국(韓國)의 시계열자료(時系列資料) 및 동(同) 자료(資料)의 크로스섹션결합자료(結合資料)를 이용하여 검증하였다. 검증결과에 의하면, (1) 각국의 직(直) 간접금융비중(間接金融比重)은 전체 금융시장규모에 의해 유의하게 영향을 받고 있으며, (2) 직(直) 간접금융(間接金融)은 시장규모(市場規模)의 확대(擴大)에 따라 어느 하나가 압도함이 없이 일정한 균형비율로 수렴해 나가는 것으로 관찰되고 있어 세계금융산업(世界金融産業)은 일반적으로 전업균형(專業均衡)보다는 전업(專業) 및 겸업(兼業)의 혼합균형(混合均衡)으로 이행해 나갈 것으로 기대되며, (3) 최근 진행되고 있는 금융(金融)의 세계화(世界化) 및 개방화(開放化) 추세(趨勢)는 궁극적으로 각국 금융산업조직(金融産業組織)의 동질화(同質化)를 촉진시킬 것으로 나타나고 있고, (4) 금융시장규모(金融市場規模)의 확대(擴大)에 따른 혼합균형(混合均衡)으로의 이행과정에서는, 겸업주의(兼業主義) 은행제도(銀行制度)는 금융시장의 규모가 상대적으로 작은 경제에서, 역으로 전업주의(專業主義) 은행제도(銀行制度)는 금융시장의 규모가 상대적으로 큰 경제에서 주로 형성되는 경향이 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. 부수적으로는, 전업주의(專業主義) 금융제도(金融制度)에 비해 금융업무(金融業務)의 자유(自由)를 보다 더 허용하는 겸업주의(兼業主義) 금융제도(金融制度)가 균형금융구조(均衡金融構造)로의 이행(移行)을 촉진시키고 있다는 점도 발견되었다. 이상의 검증결과는, 금융산업(金融産業) 및 제도(制度)는 이를 받치는 전체 금융(金融)의 규모성장(規模成長)에 따라 적절한 균형구조(均衡構造)를 찾아가는 것이기 때문에 전체 금융의 성장과정 및 속도에 부응하지 못하는 인위적인 금융개편정책(金融改編政策)은 바람직하지 못하다는 시사를 주고 있다.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.278-288
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• 2002

This paper presents a design and implementation of fuzzy retrieval system that could support an associated learning in problem banks. It tries to retrieve some of the problems conceptually related to specific semantics described by user's queries. In particular, the problem retrieval system employs a fuzzy thesaurus which represents relationships between domain dependent vocabularies as fuzzy degrees. It would keep track of characteristics of the associated learning, which should guarantee high recall and acceptable precision for retrieval effectiveness. That is, since the thesaurus could make a vocabulary mismatch problem resolved among query terms and document index terms, this retrieval system could take a chance to effectively support user's associated teaming. Finally, we have evaluated whether the fuzzy retrieval system is appropriate for the associated teaming or not, by means of its precision and recall rate point of view.