• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2021

In the past, the government made a total of 357 hydrophilic districts into parks to create rest areas in the national river with the four major river projects. According to the results of the survey, 60 water-friendly districts with low utilization were lifted in January 2017, and 297 water-friendly districts are currently being managed. Local governments are in charge of the maintenance costs necessary to maintain these hydrophilic districts, which require considerable costs, so it is necessary to accurately grasp the characteristics and needs of local residents at the operation stage after designation. In this study, the characteristics of local residents in the hydrophilic district were analyzed by correlating social factors with river users, crawling social network data to analyze visit patterns, and derived related Keywords, and analyzed the characteristics of the hydrophilic district. The study target areas are Samrak and Daejeo Ecological Park, located downstream of the Nakdonggang River. Social factors analyzed real estate transaction price data, economic activity income, households, stress perception rate, and pet breeding status through public data provided by Statistics Korea, and analyzed user visit patterns and image keywords on weekends.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.80-93
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• 2018

Public transit services are generally analyzed based on the correlation of demand and supply. The computation of supply uses accessibility while demand uses travel demands estimation based on residential population. However, the traditional demand estimation has a limitation in analysing in micro-scale compared to the smartcard data traffic. This study analyzed potential improvement of public transit services using smartcard traffic data. The supply of transportation was defined using time distance accessibility. Also, time loss was calculated in those origin destination(OD) pairs where time distance accessibilities are relatively low. The proposed method was applied at Seoul. The results showed that the areas where OD pairs need improvement include Seodaemun-gu, Guro-gu and Nowon-gu.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.571-583
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• 2011

We use the properties of competitive location equilibrium to study the relationship between the demand for education and the choice of primary residential location. Consumers can work and live in a comparatively high wage place where there are few education opportunities, or live in a place where education is available and commute to work. If education and employment are each location-specific, there are pooling equilibria in which consumers locate according to their preference for education. In general, the stronger the taste for education, the greater the attraction of living close to the education site and the lower the demand for other goods, including housing. Exploring the effects of the model parameters on the spatial distribution of consumers, we find that a higher frequency of trips taken to the education site, a shorter distance between the work place and the education site, or a greater out-of-pocket education cost each leads to a wider range of consumer types selecting to reside at the education location. We also find that a higher wage lowers the range of consumers who select to live near the education site.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.526-543
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• 2008

Based on the social network analysis(SNA), this study examines the structural and spatial characteristics of the actor networks of the manufacturing industries for the elderly. In the field of economic geography, former researches on network have mainly focused on the network governance. However, this study focused on the social network analysis. Centrality indexes are used to analyze the topological structure of actor networks of firms and organizations. In order to investigate the spatial structure of actor networks, not only the regional distribution of actors but also the correlation between centrality index and distance are analyzed. Network matrixes among actors are transformed to network matrixes among regions using block modeling method to reveal the spatial characteristics of the actor networks. In spite of the importance of the Capital Region, networks in the non-Capital Region like Chungnam and Pusan were showed high network density. This suggested that some kinds of policy project operating in the non-Capital Region had the influence on this network in the initial stage of industry.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2012

This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of advanced spatial modeling techniques for environmental monitoring and impact assessment through a case study of Chernobyl nuclear accident occurred in 1986. Land-cover types changed after the accident are analysed by a post classification comparison method using bi-temporal Landsat TM data acquired in 1986 and 1992 near the accident site. Spatial modeling including various kriging algorithms are also applied to analyze the relationships between Cesium concentrations in soil and thyroid cancer incidence rates in Belarus, which was greatly damaged by the accident. The change detection results clearly showed the decrease of croplands and the increase of abandoned lands, and concrete structures were newly built around the nuclear plant to prevent the spread of radioactive contamination. In Belarus, high Cesium concentrations were observed in southern areas with high thyroid cancer risk estimated by Poisson kriging. Geographically weighted regression, which could account for geographic variations of independent variables including Cesium concentrations and distances from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, was applied to extract the relationships between the independent variables and the thyroid cancer risk. The estimated risk values showed a correlation coefficient value of 0.98 with respect to the thyroid cancer risk values, which implied that the thyroid cancer risk in Belarus was affected by the accident. In conclusion, it is expected that advanced spatial modeling techniques applied in this study would be useful for environmental impact assessment and public health research.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.881-886
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• 2016

Cephalanthera erecta (Thunb. ex, Murray) is an herbaceous and a member of the genus Cephalanthera in the family Orchidaceae. The species is an herbaceous and has reputed Chinese medicinal value. It has been investigated the population density and spatial distribution of this species at Mt. Ahop in Korea during 2015. The spatial pattern of C. erecta was analyzed according to several patchiness indexes, population uniformity or aggregation under different sizes of plots by dispersion indices, and spatial autocorrelation. The mean crowding (M*) and patchiness index (PAI) showed positive values except one small plot (2 m × 2 m). Most natural individuals of C. erecta for plots were not uniformly distributed in the forest community. The small plots (2 m × 2 m, to 8 m × 16 m) of C. erecta were uniformly distributed in the forest community and large plots (16 m × 16 m and 16 m × 32 m) were aggregately distributed. Significant aggregations by Moran's I of C. erecta were partially observed within IV classes (12 m). Dissimilarity among pairs of individuals could found by more than 18.0 m. In conclusion, the geographic distribution of C. erecta is not even with varying degrees of size of plots and human activities give rise to density effects in the plots at Mt. Ahop in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.358-374
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• 2008

This study examines whether and how ages of child affect accessibility experiences of women and men differently. Space-time accessibility measures based on Time-geographic framework with activity-travel diary datasets in Portland Metro, US were calculated using GIS-based geocomputation, and spatial-temporal patterns of accessibility of dual-earner couples by ages of their youngest child were compared. The results are as follows. (1) Although more women than men work part-time, which would render women more spatial-temporal autonomy, accessibility levels of women are not higher than men's. It implies that there exists another constraint placed on women which largely stems from gender inequality. (2) It is distinctively women with child under age 6 of which accessibility spaces are found to be restricted doser to home compared to men. Women with no child or with child aged over 6, however, show more or less similar spatial-temporal patterns of accessibility with men's which are quite unvarying regardless of parental status and their child age. Women's accessibility experiences characterized by spatial-temporal entrapment, thus, can be seen as problems associated with gender rather than sex. (3) Intensified spatial-temporal entrapment of women with young child are associated with the significant spatial pegs shaping their accessibility spaces, which are located much closer to home compared to men's: workplaces and child's daycare centers.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.2 s.107
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• pp.221-241
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• 2005

Land Use and Land Cover Changes (LUCC) occur over a wide range of space and time scales, and involve complex natural, socio-economic, and institutional processes. Therefore, modelling and predicting LUCC demands an understanding of how various measured properties behave when considered at different scales. Understanding spatial and temporal variability of driving forces and constraints on LUCC is central to understanding the scaling issues. This paper aims to 1) assess the heterogeneity of land cover change processes over the landscape in northern Ghana, where intensification of agricultural activities has been the dominant land cover change process during the past 15 years, 2) characterise dominant land cover change mechanisms for various spatial scales, and 3) identify the optimal spatial scale for LUCC modelling in a savanna landscape. A multivariate statistical method was first applied to identify land cover change intensity (LCCI), using four time-sequenced NDVI images derived from LANDSAT scenes. Three proxy land use change predictors: distance from roads, distance from surface water bodies, and a terrain characterisation index, were regressed against the LCCI using a multi-scale hierarchical adaptive model to identify scale dependency and spatial heterogeneity of LUCC processes. High spatial associations between the LCCI and land use change predictors were mostly limited to moving windows smaller than 10$\times$10km. With increasing window size, LUCC processes within the window tend to be too diverse to establish clear trends, because changes in one part of the window are compensated elsewhere. This results in a reduced correlation between LCCI and land use change predictors at a coarser spatial extent. The spatial coverage of 5-l0km is incidentally equivalent to a village or community area in the study region. In order to reduce spatial variability of land use change processes for regional or national level LUCC modelling, we suggest that the village level is the optimal spatial investigation unit in this savanna landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2007

The cases of drunk driving accidents have been steadily increasing every year. The number of accidents was quadrupled from 7,303 cases in 1990 to 25,150 cases in 2004. In addition, the proportion of drunk driving accidents to total traffic accidents was 2.9% in 1990 but it increased to 13.0% in 2003. Studies of drunk driving accidents have been focusing on analyzing psychological decisive factors, classifying drivers' individual characters and types of drunk driving accidents by considering the location of drunk driving accidents. This study assumed that drunk driving accidents would have regular characteristics in respect to spatiality and analyzed its relation with spatial factors such as, accident black spot, the location of bars, the distance of drivers' houses, and spatio-temporal distributional characteristics through drawing density distribution and connecting the time of accidents. In order to achieve the goal of this study, the individual location information was organized and drawn as types of GIS data. From the result of density distribution using Kernel Density Mapping and analysis through the coefficient of areal correspondence, it was understood that drunk driving accidents correlates with some spatial factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.326-339
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• 1995

In this paper, the validity of the numerical model of fishes' behavior presented in our earlier paper was examined by the whiteness test on the residual of numerical model and by the comparison between experiment and simulation on several indexes represented by fishes' swimming characteristics. The validity of the numerical model was proved statistically by means of the whiteness test of the residual. The similarity was confirmed by comparison between experiment and simulation for the swimming trajectory of fishes, the mean distance of individual from wall, the mean swimming speed and the mean distance between the nearest individuals. These results suggest that the behavior of fishes according to the flow speed in three-dimensional space can be estimated partially by the numerical model presented in our earlier paper. However, a long-term approach to improve the modeling technique on the behavior of fishes may be needed before applying the numerical model presented in our earlier paper to real fishing ground.