• International Area Studies Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.113-140
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• 2016

This paper first extracts the main basis for the Middle-Income Trap(MIT) to apply these grounds to reality of the Chinese economy. And then confirmed crisis factors of China economy. Also discussed then the economic reforms of China in order to not fall into the MIT. After reviewing previous research extracted six factors the results will correspond to comply with the Chinese economy. Those are 'Over-investment', 'excess capacity' 'reduction of TFP continued,' 'disappearance and the aging of the population bonus', 'excessive debt and structural adjustment and financial instability of the company', 'income unequal expansion', 'low financial and information infrastructure accessibility', and 'low transparency index'. China's policy direction to avoid the MIT generally set properly, but proof that implementation process not easy, was appearing everywhere. After all, China economy should be modified now to a reforms of 'government failure' and promotion of function for ongoing restructuring system in the market. Because of the SDR incorporation from 2015, it is inevitable to face major constraints in the external aspects.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.145-171
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• 2018

Laos' 2017 is a year of political "stagnation" and economic "change". In the political arena, despite the achievements such as the improvement of the corruption perception index (CPI), it is necessary to watch the progress of the reform. Diplomatically, the influence of China is expected to increase further. In particular, since November 2017, Xi Jinping's visit to Laos is expected to strengthen the framework of cooperation between the economic corridor and Lanchang-Mekong Cooperation Meeting. And Laos continued to have friendly relations with other neighboring countries, the ASEAN countries. However, the issue of the Laos-Cambodian border issue following the general election in Cambodia may recur. The economic sector maintained a high growth rate due to capital inflows from the construction of large infrastructures and the favorable tourism industry, but structural problems such as deficits in the fiscal and current account should be resolved. Korea and Laos discussed the comprehensive cooperation between the two countries through the Mekong Senior Officials' Meeting in March 2017 and the Ministerial Meeting of the Korean-Lao Foreign Minister in September 2017. Laos is Korea's eighth ODA aid (grant), and ODA will become an important diplomatic cooperation channel between the two countries in the future. In the economic relationship, the trade sector is on a declining trend, but investment and human exchanges are steadily increasing.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

China has achieved rapid economic growth in the late 1970s with economic reform and open-door policy. China's economic growth began initially in the eastern coastal areas and from the 2000s expanded to the western and northeastern regions where the economy was relatively underdeveloped. In particular, in 2013 'One-Belt One Road' initiative proposed by Xi Jinping, the current General Secretary of the Communist Party of China is not only a key strategy for China's advancement into the world and also provides important opportunities for the development of these backward regions. Inland Port is the inland logistics hub and plays a crucial role in enhancing access to maritime ports as well as access to adjacent inland countries. Therefore, a number of inland ports have been developed and operated in order to enter into overseas markets and secure resources in the northeastern and western regions of China. This study aims to examine the role and development of inland port in 'One-Belt One Road' scheme. In conclusion, 'One-Belt One Road' will further increase the role of inland port, and in response, the development of inland port will play a pivotal role in one belt one road initiative. In this respect, Korean companies need to consider plans to participate in the development and operation of inland ports in China, which would provide opportunities to spread Northern markets including China, Russia, Central Asia, Eastern Europe.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.295-300
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• 2020

Since China opened its door to the world in 1978, its economic development had been concentrated in the Eastern and Western area compared with the middle area. From 2000s, the Chinese government started to develop the middle area in terms of balanced development. With this goal, "Plan on Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone", and "One Belt and One Road" has implemented in Zhengzhou, where is the an important traffic center in middle area. Meanwhile, the foreign trade of Zhengzhou has been increased about 10 times between 2009 and 2018. In particular, its growth is the fastest among six central cities in 2018 from the lowest in 2009. This study investigates whether the Chinese government policy has an effect on the foreign trade of Zhengzhou. We find that based on the regression analysis of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the government policies has a positive impact on the development of Zhengzhou's foreign trade. It is meaningful that the government policy focused on the advantage of Zhengzhou contributes its development of foreign trade.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.351-381
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• 2011

When EU was formed in the late 1950s, the income gap or economic development between member nations was similar so that the interest in execution of regional policies at the level of union was relatively small, with just Italy showing some interest relatively. In 1975, however, ERDF was founded, and nations such as Spain or Portugal that were falling behind in economic development compared to existing member nations joined EU, and the regional policy of the union gradually gained attention. Accordingly, EU gradually increased the budget size for regional policies so that through 1980s and 1990s, the budget size grew over 4 times. In 2004 and 2007, 12 Central-Eastern European nations with great gaps in income level with existing member countries joined EU all at once, so that the resolution of regional inequality among member nations arose as an important assignment in the development of the community. Accordingly, EU has modified the overall goals and basis of regional policies to deal with this matter. From such perspectives, this report examined the development process of regional policies executed by EU for the last 50 years. In the conclusion parts, the issues that appeared in the process of executing EU's regional policies were also examined at the same time.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.101-124
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• 2017

This study is to examine the current situation of the AEC (ASEAN Economic Community) and analyze macroeconomic situation of Vietnam since the launch of AEC. According to recent trade indicators, Vietnam is expected to be more productive in the manufacturing and processing sectors because it is at the heart of the global value chains (GVCs) in electronics, telephones, and textiles and shoes industry. Vietnam has signed or is negotiating free trade agreements with various countries around the world including Korea, Israel, EU and RCEP and so on. Therefore, it is expected that Vietnam's trade dependency and FDI inflows to Vietnam increase more and more. However, the fact that the proportion of exports by foreign-invested companies accounts for about 70% of the total exports implies the uncertainty of Vietnam's economy in the future. Attracting FDI investment can further reduce the competitiveness of domestic companies in Vietnam. Therefore, in order for Vietnam to maintain sustainable development in the future, it is necessary to reform the momentum of foreign-invested enterprises to the development of Vietnamese companies.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.27
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• pp.255-292
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• 2009

This thesis is to study on the prospect of contemporary and theory of contemporary Chinese Neo-liberalism philosopher in the 1990s. The previous Chinese liberalists focused only on political and cultural liberalism, neglecting economic liberalism. As a result, liberalism has not taken root in China. Therefore, the social problems of contemporary China are caused by immature and unregulated market economy controlled by the government, not by the market economy. On the other hand, the social relationship in China is not capitalistic yet. The Chinese need to take the gradual developing step to modernize China. China needs to begin an effort to reform China by the way and speed of the refolution, which lies between reform and revolution; not by making new value system, but by keeping daily ethics and rediscovering the Chinese value system, which is the same as universal ethnics. Moreover, it can solve the mental, cultural problems of modern society. Modernization will be achieved not by ruining the Chinese traditions, but by adjusting the traditions, keeping, and strengthening. Consequently, China will be able to move from agricultural absolutism to modern democracy. The democracy can exist only based on the market economy. Therefore, the goal will be accomplished by democracy based on the market economy starting from Confucian tradition.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.71-89
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• 2005

In the era of knowledge-based society and glocalization the new role and mission of universities is of increasing concern to us. Studies of the successful universities suggest that there are many ways for the future development of universities, for example high qualification, specialization, and internationalization of universities etc. In this context we can also focus particularly on the regionalization of universities in terms of the university as a regional builder. This paper aims to identify the interactions between universities and regions and to explain their's contributions to the regional developments. The result of analysis shows that the university-region interaction is a win-win strategy both for university and for region in the rapid changing social-economic, administrative and educational environments, and more systematic and stepwise approaches are required to ensure a mutually beneficial collaboration.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.107-116
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• 2016

This study was conducted to propose creative innovation systems. The effect that cooperation network factors of innovation system in telecommunications sector called typical knowledge industry have on technological innovation was examined. We used the Korea Corporate Innovation Survey (KIS) Data for this study, it has to apply the OECD NESTI-WPIA methodology for probit analysis. The analysis derived the following findings. First, cooperation between the principal innovations in the telecommunication information generally have a positive impact on innovation. Second, cooperation with private institutions have an important role in technological innovation. Third, the various cooperation exerts a positive impact on innovation and has a greater impact on practical innovation in a low creativity level. With this result, it seems that our technological innovation policy should follow a direction of building corporatist-type system to establish cooperation promotion, privately led innovation, and a variety of opinions.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.253-280
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• 2012

Since China reformed and opened up itself, processing trade system has enormously contributed to chinese economic development and also become driving force of chinese economic growth. However, due to imbalance of industrial distribution, overproduction of labor-intensive product has expanded, and as a result, mass export of low-value-added products has aggravated trade friction. Also, these low-value-added products has caused environmental pollution and brought resource waste. On this, Chinese government start to modify system according to strategy for enhancement of processing trade. In this study, as a countermeasure of the Change of Chinese processing trade system, applicability of the bonded area is suggested. Firstly, even if a company's item is applied to prohibited or restricted items, the company can trade if through the bonded area. Secondly, even if a company has duty of deposit reservation, the company can be exempt from duty of deposit reservation if through the bonded area. Thirdly, as to importing facilities for processing trade, a company can receive more benefit through the bonded area than through outside of the bonded area.