• Title/Summary/Keyword: 경승

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A study on the perception of landscape through the selection process of Bandopalgyong - eight beautiful scenary in Korea - within Japanese colonial period (일제강점기 반도팔경 선정과정을 통해 본 경관인식)

  • Kim, Hai-Gyeong;An, Kyung-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.78-88
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    • 2015
  • In the 1920s, the period of cultural governance ruled by Japan, the diverse media were founded and various events were conducted to boost circulation. Under the Japanese colonial period in 1920s, a number of media - newspapers and magazines - were published and often they carried out entertaining events in order to obtain more subscribers. A hobby magazine, Samchunri, for instace, set up a media event to selecting Korea's eight beautiful scenary (Bandopalgyong) for the first edition in 1929. The paper aims to analyse and understand the perception of landscape in 1929 through the media event carried out by Samchunri. In particular, the selection was made by well-known writers within Japanese colonial period 1910 - 1945). The selection process and views from the writers on landscape were analysed; firstly, the selection of Bandopalgyong was carried out by questionnaires to writers in 1929 where Korea is under Japanese colonial rules. The conditions of the selection were unknown; however, the purpose was enlightening the people specially the youngs and introduction of beautiful places in Korea. As a result, views and opinions on Bandopalgyong by the writers were progressed. Secondly, within the Bandopalgyong, the natural landscape areas include Gumgansan(金剛山), Daedonggang(大洞江), Buyeo(扶餘), Gyongju(慶州), Myongsasipri (明沙十里), Haundae(海雲臺), Baekdusan(白頭山), and Choksukru(矗石樓). Those chosen places were not cohesive nor did not have any consistant reasons to be chosen in terms of size and location; however, some writers claimed that there were other places to match the chosen ones and therefore, the selection process was highly dependent on access (i.e. transport). Thirdly, the travelogue on Baekdusan and Nackwhaam(洛花岩) illustrated interesting views on landscape in particular. Baekdusan landscape were described in overlaping with long history and national soul. In the Nackwhaam travelogue, it described 'Buyeo (夫餘) was an ancient capital of Backjae Dynasty and empty place' as well as denying Chosun Dynasty. It was assumed that the two places weren't visited but rewritten with existing literatures. Fourthly, edited by Kim Dong Whan, a travelogue style book, 'Bandosanha' was published in 1941. It did repeat the selection of Bandopalgyong, but this time, it was classified the eight beautiful landscape into two categories; historic/cultural places and natural landscape. This paper was able to analyse and understand the perception of landscape in 1929 through the travelogue of Samchunri. It is an empirical study on the process and perception on Korea landscape under Japanese colonical period by views of the selected writers.

A Study on the Traditionary Famous Scenaries of Jeju-island through T'amna-Sipkyung and T'amna-Sullyokto (탐라십경과 탐라순력도를 통해 본 제주 승경의 전통)

  • Rho, Jae-Hyun;Shin, Byung-Chul;Han, Sang-Yub
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.91-104
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    • 2009
  • This paper attempts to look at the identity of the traditional famous sceneries of Jeju Island by investigating the relationship between 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung(瀛州十二景)', which are the representative beautiful scenes of Jeju Island, and two paintings 'T'amna-Sipkyungtdo(耽羅十景圖)' and 'T'amna-Sullyokto(耽羅巡歷圖)' by a grasp of the contents and meanings of these two paintings. The following are the results of the study. In the 'T'amna-Sipkyung', which is the origin of today's 12 beautiful sceneries of Jeju Island, Baekrokdam and Youngsil are both symbolic places and the backdrops against which Jeju's myths were formed. Jocheonjin, Seogwijin and Myoungwoljin, located near the seashores, are strategic footholds in protecting the territory of the island and connotatively contain its culture and history. Seongsan Ilchulbong, Sanbangsan, Chwibyeongdam and Cheonjeyeon Pokpo are not only the quintessentially beautiful scenes of Jeju but also belong to 'YeoungJu-Sipikyung'. And 'T'amna-Sullyokto', which describes the Jeju horses and tangerines that were presented to the king as tribute, offers scenic elements with a strong political tone and is related to the five scene of 'T'amna-Sullyokto', showing that 'defense' and 'tribute' are motives in choosing the sceneries of people's daily lives here. Jeju's daily scenes in particular have been continuously transmitted: 'Idyllic lives with the background of a tangerine orchard' are shown in 'Kowon Panggo' and 'Kyullim P'ungak', and Jeju horses grazing on pastures or being ridden in hunting trips are presented in 'Sanjang Kuma' and 'Kyorae Taeryop'. Besides Baekrokdam and Youngsil, which do not belong to Sunyeok(巡歷) corridor of minister Lee Hyoungsang, 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung', directly related to 'T'amna-Sipkyung', has six beautiful sceneries: Seongsan of Seongsan Ilchulbong, Baekrokdam of Baekrokmanseol, Younggok of Youngsilgiam, Sanbang of Sanbanggulsa Chwibyeongdam of Yongyeonyabeom and Seogwiso of Seojinnoseong. The image of 'Gosumokma', the tenth landscape of 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung', was expressed as it is, through 'Udojeomma' and 'Sanjangguma'. The ten beautiful sceneries of 'T'amna-Sipkyung' were also especially described in 'T'amna-Sullyokto', besides Baekrokdam and Youngsil, which do not belong to Sunyeok corridor. As the places and landscapes emphasized on 'T'amna-Sipkyungto' and 'T'amna-Sullyokto' in common have been transmitted by the politicians and ancestors of Jeju Island, they have become established as today's 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung', passing through correction processes. When considering this process of development, 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung' are worthy of heritage and traditional landscapes accomplished in a long difficult period based on investigation into beautiful Jeju Island and the love of the island people for their home.

A Study on the Location and Landscaping Characteristics of Yonghogugok of Jiri Mountain Illuminated by Old Literatures and Letters Carved on the Rocks (고문헌과 바위글씨로 조명한 지리산 용호구곡(龍湖九曲)의 입지 및 경관특성)

  • Rho, Jae-Hyun;Kahng, Byung-Seon
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.154-167
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    • 2014
  • The results of this study conducted to identify the substance, regional characteristics or landscaping of Namwon Yonghogugok, which is the only valley of Jiri Mountain, based on Kim Samun's 'Yonghokugok-Gyeongseungannae(龍湖九曲景勝案內)', 'Yongseongji(龍城誌)' and position, meaning of letters carved and projection technique by ArcGIS10.0 on the rocks are as below. The feature landscapes of the canyon of Yonghogugok, which is an incised meander and one of the Eight beautiful scenery of Namwon, ponds, cliffs and rocks generated with metamorphic rocks and granites weathered by rapids torrents. As a result of measuring the GPS coordinates of the letters carved on the rocks, excluding the 3 Gok Hakseoam and the distances based on the origin and destination of the letters carved on the rocks using the API(Application Programming Interface) function of Daum map, the total distance of Yonghogugok was 3.5km and the average distance between the each Gok was 436.5m. It is assumed that Yonghogugok was designated by Sarim(士林) of the Kiho School(畿湖學派) related to Wondong Hyangyak(元洞鄕約) which is the main agent of Yonghojeongsa(龍湖精舍), the forerunner of Yonghoseowon(龍湖書院), between the late Joseon Dynasty and the early Japanese colonial era, in 1927. Its grounds are the existence of Yonghoyeongdang mentioned on 'Yonghojeongsilgi'(龍湖亭實記), records of 'Haeunyugo(荷隱遺稿)', 'Yonghopumje(龍湖品題)' of Bulshindang(佛神堂), 'Yonghojeongsadonggu Gapjachun(龍湖精舍洞口 甲子春)' letters carved on the rocks and 'Yonghogugok-Shipyeong(龍湖九曲十詠)' posted on Mokgandang of Yonghoseowon. Comprehensively considering the numerous poetry society lists carved on the stone wall of Punghodae(風乎臺), the Sixth Gok Yuseondae, its stone mortar, 'Bangjangjeildongcheon(方丈第一洞天)' of Bulshindang and Gyoryongdam(交龍潭), the Yonghoseokmun(龍湖石門) letters carved on the rocks, Yeogungseok adjacent to the First Gok and Fengshui facilities, centered on Yonghoseowon and Yonghojeong, Yonghogugok can be understood as a unique valley culture formed with the thoughts of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Fengshui. 'Yonghogugok-Gyeongseungannae' provides very useful information to understand the place name, called by locals and landscaping aspects of Yonghogugok in the late Joseon Dynasty. In addition, the meaning of "Nine dragons" and even though 12 chu(湫: pond) of Yonghogugok Yongchudong including Bulyeongchu, Guryongchu, Isuchu, Goieumchu and Daeyachu are mentioned on Yongseongji, a part of them cannot be confirmed now. Various place names and facilities relevant to Guryong adjacent to Yonghogugok are the core of the place identity. In addition, the accurate location identification and the delivery of the landscaping significance of the 12 ponds is expected to provide landscaping attractiveness of Yonghogugok and become very useful contents for landscaping storytelling and a keyword of storyboard.

Formal Characteristics of Joseon Films in the Early 1920s (1920년대 초반 조선영화의 형식적 특징)

  • Han, Sang-Eon;Chung, Tae-Soo
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.13 no.12
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    • pp.117-125
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    • 2013
  • Early 1920s, Joseon film production began with Japanese colonial rule organization and expanded into civilian. These films were influenced by the documentary film what recorded the scenery and the custom also influenced by kino drama that displayed the place of a dramatic incident. So these films developed into the form emphasize on place. At that time, hollywood serial films were popular. So the first Joseon films shooted a picturesque place and a landmark of the city in the background where heros took a risk. In the style stakes, Joseon films looked very similar to Japanese films. shooted long-take and long-shot, it had rhythm with narration of benshi and emphasized on visual excitation by using color. Early 1920s Joseon films which were similar to Japanese films changed from Japanese style to Hollywood style caused by Na woon-kyu's .

Studies on the Growth Characteristics of the Trees in Parking Lot in the Apartment Complex (아파트 단지 지하주차장 상부에 식재된 교목의 생장 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Byoung-Kwan;Yun, Ju-Cheul
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.111-119
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    • 2021
  • This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of artificially planted trees on top of the underground parking lots. The trees were planted 17 years ago and are now in good condition. The survey results are as follows. The planting depth of the trees was 0.9 - 1.3m. The horizontal roots of the trees were distributed in the depth of 0.2m ~ 0.6m, Growth condition was also considered to be good. Also, in the case of the straight root of the trees, the pine tree(Pinus densiflora) grew near the bottom but tree root was very thin, and the Japanese hackberry tree(Celtis sinensis) and the zelkova tree(Zelkova serrata) were seemed to bend at the bottom and to grow by changing direction. When trees were planted on artificial ground, the roots grew well horizontally, and the forces of growing vertically were much weakened. because the plants were planted in earth ball state. As a result, it was considered that the roots would hardly penetrate the bottom-pressing concrete floor.

Land Use Change Detection at Kyeryongsan National Park by Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems (원격탐사와 GIS를 이용한 계룡산국립공원의 토지이용변화)

  • Shin, Jin-Min;Kahng, Byung-Seon;Lee, Kyoo-Seock
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.94-101
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    • 2002
  • 국립공원의 뛰어난 경승지와 생태적으로 보존가치가 높은 지역은 다음 세대에게 물려줄 국가의 귀중한 자원으로서 잘 보존되고 관리되어야 하나 한국의 국립공원에서는 공원의 자연환경을 해치는 개발행위가 이뤄졌거나 제안되고 있다. 이러한 개발행위를 효과적으로 평가하기 위해서는 관련 환경자원의 활용이 필요하고 특히 토지이용변화의 파악이 요구되나 한국의 국립공원은 적절한 토지이용도가 결여되어 있다. 그러므로, 본 연구의 목표는 토지이용변화도를 제작하여 향후 국립공원에서 제안되는 개발행위가 해당국립공원의 토지이용변화에 미친 영향을 파악함으로써 국립공원의 환경 및 경관 관리에 기여하는 데에 있다. 본 연구는 계룡산국립공원을 대상으로 1988년도부터 1998년까지의 토지이용변화를 파악하기 위해 원격탐사 자료를 이용하여 2개년도의 Landsat TM 영상을 기하보정하여 토지피복분류를 추출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 항공사진과 현지조사를 통해 확인하여 작성한 토지이용현황도와 토지이용변화도를 GIS에 입력하였으며 GIS의 분석기능을 이용하여 10년간의 토지이용변화에 대해 파악하였다. 토지이용변화 파악 결과, 농지와 나대지가 계룡산국림공원 전체에서 43.7ha, 102.2ha 각각 감소하였고 산림과 개발지는 121.Oha, 24.8ha. 각각 증가하였다. 산림의 증가는 1988년 영상분류당시 산림의 가장자리 유령림이 농경지로 분류되었던 것이 10년 뒤 영상에서는 산림으로 분류된 결과로 파악되며 개발지의 증가는 계룡산국립공원 동학사 제2집단시설지구의 개발로 기존 농경지가 감소, 전용되었고 나대지는 개발로 인해 감소되었다. 개발지의 증가는 취락지구와 집단시설지구에서 두드러졌으며 이들 두 지구에서 산림, 농경지, 나대지 모두 감소하고 대신 개발지가 증가하였다. 본 연구를 수행한 결과 계룡산 국립공원의 가장 큰 토지이용변화는 건물 신축이었으며 이는 집단시설지구의 신설에 기인하고 있다. 취락지구도 개발 행위가 증가하고 있어 집단시설지구와 취락지구의 이용후 평가가 이뤄져야 한다고 생각한다. 본 연구에서 작성한 토지이용변화도는 향후 국립공원의 경관 변화를 파악하는 데에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

A Study on the Changes of the Government Pavilion, Miryang Yeongnamnu in terms of Function and Spatiality (객사(客舍) 누각(樓閣)의 기능 및 공간성 변화 - 밀양(密陽) 영남루(嶺南樓)를 대상으로 -)

  • Ryoo, Seong-Lyong
    • Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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    • v.34 no.8
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    • pp.69-76
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    • 2018
  • This study is basically about the changing appearance of the big pavilion, Yeongnamnu in Miryang city belonging to the government guesthouse of Joseon dynasty. And the purpose of this study confirms that even if the appearance of the building has not changed, the function of the building changes because the reason why people think about the building is also different. First, looked at the appearance of architecture and the function of architecture that changes with the times. In the course of the research, the changes of pavilion were traced by dividing it into five from Kory? dynasty which was first established to the present. Then, tried to find out the change patterns by analyzing important events related to buildings or places in each period. As a result, the following facts were confirmed. 1. Because of the Buddhist repression policy in Joseon Dynasty, the Yeongnamnu changed from the temple pavilion to the government pavilion. 2. Throughout the Joseon Dynasty, Yeongnamnu was the representative scenic of Miryang City. 3. In the late Joseon Dynasty, Yeongnamnu was famous as a place where a woman named Arang devoted her life in order to preserve his fidelity. 4. Since 1910, Yeongnamnu has become an important cultural asset, and space has been widely used as a venue for various public events. 5. From 1945 to 1999, Yeongnamnu was used mainly for the events of Arang Remembrance and Miryang Culture Festival. And the inner space of Yeongnamnu was rarely used because people thought preservation is important.

A Meaningful Interpretation on Concept of Byeulseo Scenic Spot (별서명승의 개념에 대한 의미론적 해석)

  • Lee, Jae-Keun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2010
  • This study is attempted to establish the concept of Byeulseo Scenic Spot that the definitions of Byeulseo and Scenic Spot would be presented first followed by clarifying the basis, reason and justification that Byeulseo would be called as Byeulseo Scenic Spot that the following is the major results formulated herein. First, the concept of scenic spot under the Cultural Property Act is the reference to the famous site with the building improvement well known for its great scenery or the point where splendid scenery is viewed that has the artistic value along with the trace of human lives in this cultural heritage that, although the scenery is important but the attention has to be on discovery of historic resources with the story telling in the subject site. Second, the criteria of designation on the Scenic Spot in Korea would be natural scenery, animal and plant site with well-known scenery, view point of scenery, famous building or garden and important places with legend that there lacks diversification. In this aspect, the intent of the concept of Scenic Spot would be facilitated to expand the designation of the Byeulseo Scenic Spot as the Scenic Spot of living style. Third, from the foreign cases, particularly, in Japan, it is needed to note that Byeulseos and housing gardens are designated for 196 places of Scenic Spot, reaching 55.4% of entire Scenic Spots. Laws, regulations, systems and designated criteria on the cases of designating the foreign Scenic Spots would be studied and quoted. Fourth, the classification work for each type to designate as cultural heritage has to be continued as the Scenic Spot of subject site with even more emerged for the value as the Scenic Spot in garden, original site and the like classified as historic site, important folk data and the like. Fifth, the designation of Scenic Spot of Byeulseo garden with splendid scenery as the living Scenic Spot has to be expanded. The pavilion existed now nationwide would be approximately 1,500, and these pavilions are the place where the scholars stay in the famous site, and this is the central space of Byeulseo to study, and if there is clear one that has written and record of deed to create the stories to people with the value for publicity campaign, it would be the subject of Scenic Spot. And sixth, for the case of view point with splendid scenery in Byeulseo Garden, it cannot be the subject of designation that the designation of Scenic Spot has to be expanded. In the event of the Byeulseo garden in Korea, there are many cases of having outstanding view points, and there is a few case of designating the subject site with great view point as a Scenic Spot.

Studies on the Directivity of Gokjungkyeong(Kyung Overlapped with Gok) which was specified in Byeokgye-ri, Yangpyeong-gun and the Hwaseo Lee, Hang-ro's Management in Byeokwon Garden (양평 벽계리에 설정된 곡중경(曲中景)의 지향성과 화서(華西) 이항로(李恒老)의 벽원(蘗園) 경영)

  • Jung, Woo-Jin;Rho, Jae-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.78-97
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    • 2016
  • The objectives of this study are to examine the context of the establishment of Suhoe Gugok, Byeokgye Gugok Vally, and Nosan Palkyung, which have been established in Seojong-myeon of Yangpyeong-gun, by literature review and site investigations, and to determine the sceneries of Byeokgye scenic site as enjoyed and managed during the period of Hwaseo Lee, Hang-ro(華西 李恒老). The results of the study are as follows. First, Byeokgye Gugok Vally(黃蘗九曲) and Nosan Palkyung(蘆山八景), which have been established after the period of Hwaseo and theorized to have been established around key scenic areas associated with Hwaseo's activities, the analysis results showed that they were collecting sceneries of modern times. The extensive overlap between Byeokgye Gugok Vally and concentrated scenic elements of Suhoe Gugok(水回九曲), and the artificial configuration from the end point of Suhoe Gugok to the beginning point of Nosan Palkyung, reveal the pattern of space conflict and hegemony between Byeokgyes of Suip-ri and Nomun-ri. This is likely to be caused by the conflict between the historicity of the group that enjoyed Byeokgye prior to Hwaso's period and the strong territoriality of the space filled with the image of Hwaseo. Second, Byeokgye Gugok Vally was the secondary spatial system created by selecting the most scenic sites in Suip-ri while expanding the area of Nosan Palkyung. After establishment of Byeokgye Gugok Vally, the spatial identity of the entire Byeokgyecheon area was effectively established. This was a "Hwaseo-oriented" move, including the complete exclusion of the scenic sites from the pre-Hwaseo period such as Cheongseo Gujang and Suhoe Gugok's Letters Carved on the Rock. Consequently, the entire Byeokgyecheon area was reorganized into a cultural scenic site with Heoseo's influence. Third, Fifth, creations of Gugok(九曲) to determine the lineage of the Hwaseo School from Juja(朱子) to Yulgok(栗谷) to Uam(尤庵) to Hwaseo is likely to be an opportunity of birth and external motivation of the establishment of new Gugok Palkyung. In other words, Nosan Palkyung and Byeokgye Gugok Vally are likely to have been created as a reaction to the change of the center of the Hwaseo School to Okgyedong, and with strategic orientation based on the motivation and needs such as creation of the connecting space between Mui Gugok, Gosan Gugok, and Okgye Gugok, and the elevation of Hwaseo's status. Fourth, from the Hwaseo's Li-centric point of view, all revered sites in Beokwon(蘗園) that he managed existed as the spatial creative work to experience the existence of "li" through the objects in the landscape and the boundary of the spirit of emptiness of the aesthetic self. This clearly shows how Byeokgye Gugok Vally or Nosan Palkyung must be defined, and furthermore, appreciated and approached, prior to discussing it as the space associated with Hwaseo. Fifth, Nosan Palkyung was composed of cultural scenic landscapes of Gokjungkyung(曲中景) with eight scenic sites where Hwaseo gave his teachings and spend time around, in the Byeokgye of Nomun-ri area of Byeokgye Gugok Vally. The sceneries is, however, collected by depending on Hwaseo's Letters Carved on the Rock and poetry. Consequently, an inner exuberance of Nosan Palkyung is satisfied beside Byeokgye Gugok Vally, but its conceptual adequacy leaves room for questions.

A Study on Design and Construction Methods of Movable Pavilions (이동식 정자의 설계 시공법 연구)

  • Lee, Jung-Han
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.51-59
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    • 2019
  • This study aims to examine the design and construction methods of movable Pavilions. Through the literature analysis, the setting up of the construction background, location and direction, size and composition, materials and construction methods were analyzed. The results are as follows; First, the movable pavilion is designed to enjoy a wide range of views. It was a creation that reflected the way in which the ideal life was pursued based on the experience of enjoying scenery rather than owning one's own house and running a pavilion. Second, the formation of movable pavilion was intended to enjoy the scenery by season without restrictions on time and place. It can also relieve the hassle of having to move tools to enjoy the wind every time. Third, the movable pavilion faces to a place with good scenery and determines its position and direction. Most of them were built on a small scale and divided the space for viewing the scenery, playing GO(Baduk), writing poems, and playing musical instruments. Also, wood was used mainly. To reduce the load, roofs and walls were constructed with light materials such as bamboo, straw, thick sheet of oil, and cotton cloth. The construction method was mainly used by the method of fastening for easy coupling and dismantling. When a building was constructed on the upper part of a ship or cart, the wooden structure of a regular pavilion was constructed. Fourth, when comparing the design and construction characteristics of ordinary pavilion and movable pavilion, the movable pavilion is easy to see for contrast purposes, so there is no limit to setting the location and direction. Instead, more stringent systems and techniques were called for, because as mobility forces should be considered, structurally measures to withstand loads, and they should satisfy their function and form as pavilion.