• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.130-141
• /
• 2012

This study examines the characteristics of landscape elements and the reappearance techniques of traditional landscape image in Chinatown of the Shanghai Street in Busan, Korea. The subjects of the study are commercial buildings owned by Chinese residents, commercial buildings' naming design and environmental sculptures in the Shanghai Street. The results are as follows: First, the design methods of the front side of commercial buildings were classified into two parts: facede design of buildings and signboard design. The design form of the buildings' facades were classified into five types, there are: emphasis type on Chinese characters' signboard, addition type on decorative signboard, introduction type of traditional patterns, imitation type of traditional architectures and modern architectures' modes. The signs of chinese commercial buildings were observed mostly as having a traditional Chinese font in yellow/white on a red background. It has been found that this style was the most popular method of sign design. Secondly, The commercial buildings' naming design was analyzed into design methods and meanings. Design methods were classified into three types: a combination of meaning and place, a combination of season and atmosphere and tourist attractions. The meaning of the commercial buildings' names was divided into three kinds: the wishes of the prosperity, elegant type and the appropriation of local attractions. Thirdly, the environmental sculptures of Shanghai Street were found to have been influenced by both through out Chinese culture with mixed Korean culture. Finally, as for characteristics of landscape elements, we found three reappearance techniques - addition, replacement, juxtaposition. The technique of addition is added new face to the base map by just two methods - extending and overlapping area. Replacement is created new faces from base map by the action of replacing, it has three types - local replacement, package replacement, successive replacement. Juxtaposition is the fact of two or more things placed together with contrasting effect, it also has three types - the same kind juxtaposition, a different kind juxtaposition, topological juxtaposition. This study is the basic research which is analyzing the landscape design in chinatown. But the research only on Shanghai Street may have some limits in scope. It is considered an necessary study to add, which is about chinatown in other city such as Incheon, Jeonju. Then it is expected that the results of this study can be used for the basic data of the landscape plans, that municipalities are actively progressing their respective development projects of Chinatown.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2016

In this study, a thermal flow analysis was performed using the commercial code, ANSYS-FLUENT to reduce room temperature in a turbine building of power plant. The selected control volume of the operating floor and deaerator floor for the turbine building was respectively modelled. The skylight windows at the deaerator floor were employed for ventilation windows. Through the study, in the first we found that all window close of the deaerator floor is one alternative for reducing the temperature of the operating floor. The next thing we knew that for windows open at the front of the deaerator floor, the temperature of deaerator zone and crane zone can be respectively reduced to $1.5^{\circ}C$ and $1.6^{\circ}C$. In addition, for windows close at the rear of the deaerator floor, the temperature of deaerator zone and crane zone can be respectively reduced to 1.4 and $0.5^{\circ}C$. Therefore, it was concluded that a better choice is to open the front windows at deaerator floor to reduce the temperature of the entire deaerator floor having high temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.716-722
• /
• 2009

4000MW급 유연탄발전소는 기존 500MW급 4기의 발전설비 운영조건에서 지역공동체는 긍정적이었으나, 500MW급의 증설 호기가 늘어나면서 지역 공동체는 발전소 증설과 관련하여 기존 동쪽 부지 경계지역의 소음환경에 대하여 부정적인 문제를 제기하였다. 2000MW급 증설이 진행되어온 4000MW급 발전소의 다양한 소음원에 의한 소음파워 증대와 증가방출 과도소음 에 대하여 고저가 다양한 주변지역에 미치는 영향음 평가하고자 3차원 모델링기법을 적용한다. 기존호기를 비롯한 전체의 발전소 전면부 소음원응 비교 시험결과 증가방출 소음 파워가 기존 설계의 변경 제작되어 기존호기에 비해 20~30dBA 높아져 동시 방출사 주변지역에 과도하게 영향을 미치는 상태였으며 500MW급 4기를 추가 증설에 따라 일상소음원에 의한 소음 영향도 증설전 대비 2~3dBA 증가된 것으로 평가되었다. 따라서 증설호기의 과도 소음원 제거 방안으로 대가 방출증가가 회수되도록 증설호기의 증가방출설비를 개선하였고, 증설에 의하여 증가된 소음 영향음 저감하고자 기존 경계지역에 미치는 소음원음 고려하여 방음벽음 설치한 결과 47 ~ 49dBA를 나타내고 인근 주거건물의 전면부 소음은 43dBA이었다.

• 월간 기계설비
• /
• s.65
• /
• pp.95-108
• /
• 1995

환경부는 장기적인 물부족현상심화와 수돗물 활용이 크게 늘어날 것에 대비해 현행 수도법상 권장 사항으로 되어 있는 중수도 제도를 의무화시키는 방안을 마련하기로 했다. 환경부는 중수도제도가 의무화될 경우 하루 평균 1천톤 이상의 물을 사용하는 각종 공장과 5백톤 이상 쓰는 백화점$\cdot$호텔 등 대형건물 그리고 3백세대 이상의 아파트 등 공동주택 등을 적용대상으로 잡고 있다. 또한 환경부는 절수를 생활화한다는 차원에서 중수도 제도의 보급 확대와 함께 절약형 수도용구의 사용과 절약형 수세식 변기 설치를 의무화할 방침이다. 본고는 제일컨설팅주관으로 서울 다이내스티호텔 회의실에서 개최된 중수도 시스템의 보급 시공 기술 세미나 내용을 전면 발췌한 것이다.

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
• /
• s.54
• /
• pp.64-69
• /
• 2008

야간의 잉여전력으로 열을 저장해두었다 주간에 이용하는 축열공조에는 50여년에 걸친 긴 역사가 있었다. 이 방식이 가지는 효용에 일찍부터 눈뜬 선각자들의 노력에도 불구하고 당초 보급은 늦어져 그다지 진전이 없었다고 한다. 이러한 정세가 일변한 것은 전력공급에 병목현상이 생겨 부하 평준화가 안정공급에 있어 필요불가결의 과제가 되었기 때문이다. 특히 공조는 피크성이 강한 수요이므로 공조용 전력을 야간으로 옮기는 작업의 이점이 큰 것은 당연하다. 비 수요시간대의 요금이 큰 폭으로 떨어짐으로써 수요자측에서 보아도 야간의 전력을 어떻게 활용할까하는 것은 매력적인 연구테마였다. 이리하여 축열공조가 관심을 불러 보급이 기도에 놓인 지 2O년 가까이 되었다. 처음에는 물을 사용한 축열이 대부분이었으나, 축열조 용량의 제약으로 얼음을 만들어 저장하는 빙축열방식이 도입되어 현재의 표준적인 축열방식이되었다. 그러나 빙축열에도 비용상의 문제가 있어 전면적인 보급에 이르기까지는 아직 연구의 여지가 더 남아있는 듯하다. 한편, 교토의정서의 발효 등에 의해 지구환경에 대한 관심이 높아지게 되었다. 이 같은 배경 속에 건물및 건축설비의 에너지절약 기술의 중요성이 대두되고, 특히 창 주변의 공조방식, 조광제어, 축열 공조시스템 등, 건물부하의 직접적인 저감과 전력부하 평준화에 의한 환경부하저감 및 운영비용의 저감을 목적으로 한 건물일체형 설비시스템을 적극적으로 도입하기에 이르렀다. 환경을 배려한 건축구조.설비시스템의 채택 사례가 증가하며 건축물 종합환경성능 평가시스템과 성능검증 등 건물설비의 평가.검증 수법도 연구되어 건물에 적합한 운용면에서의 사고가 중요함이 인식되었다. 이와 같이 건축구조와 설비시스템의 양면에서 에너지절약성 및 환경성, 쾌적성, 편리성의 추구가 적극적으로 도입되는 가운데, 슬래브축열시스템은 건축구조와 공조설비가 균형있게 융합됨으로써 초기비용의 삭감과 부하 평준화에 의한 경제성 향상, 복사에의한 실내환경의 향상 등의 효과를 기대할 수있는 시스템으로 추목받고 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.10
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2020

The technologies of 3D spatial information, such as Smart City and Digital Twins, are developing rapidly for managing land and solving urban problems scientifically. In this construction of 3D spatial information, an object using aerial photo images is built as a digital DB. Realistically, the task of extracting a texturing image, which is an actual image of the object wall, and attaching an image to the object wall are important. On the other hand, occluded areas occur in the texturing image. In this study, the ResNet algorithm in deep learning technologies was tested to solve these problems. A dataset was constructed, and the street tree was detected using the ResNet algorithm. The ability of the ResNet algorithm to detect the street tree was dependent on the brightness of the image. The ResNet algorithm can detect the street tree in an image with side and inclination angles.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.20 no.3 s.71
• /
• pp.191-202
• /
• 2007

In these days, open signboard system is controlled by administrative policy and law, but there is no consideration for different types of building. As such, this study aims to propose planning criteria for streetside commercial buildings, such as elevation and mass design of buildings, layout of signboard attached to the building elevation with consideration for streetscape. In mass planning for streetside commercial buildings, the building type with front open space keeps lower open signboard density than the building type directly leading to the street. It is desirable that open signboard of lower floor part is attached by a horizontal type, open signboard of low medium floor part by a projected vertical type, open signboard of high medium floor part and roof part with a minumum attachment of open signboard. As for elevation planning relative to open signboard, it is desirable that an irregular wall type is more useful than a regular wall type to control open signboard. And in all cases, horizontal element facade has a handicap to control the quantity of signboard. If the building has a corner, the piloti should be used in the corner of lower story for smooth circulation of pedestrians and emphasizing the transparency of elevation. Specially, in the case of a round corner, the corner should be emphasized by the composition of high transparent mass.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 2009

This study aims at presenting a plan to build an open space network system in the city of Daejeon, assuming that parks and the green space system as a broad concept are to make a network by connecting open spaces such as parks, green spaces, squares, pedestrian roads, historical spots, etc. In the case of old downtown in Daejeon, this study examined the possibility of applying an open space network in the city of Daejeon and categorize them according to the findings from examining the case area, which enables to make a plan for building an open space network system in Daejeon. As a result, public offices and business buildings as an active open space have public open spaces in front of buildings and these front public open spaces are connected to pedestrian roads(gray open space). Since these pedestrian roads are consequently connected to large parks and rivers(green or blue open space), this overall spatial sequence can form an open space system. In addition, parks and green spaces, which have been fundamental elements so far, exist in relatively small and scattered areas at the center of the city. Hence, more parks and green space are needed to improve a park and green space system. However, it is very difficult to create new parks and green spaces in downtown, especially in old downtown areas. Therefore making an open space network system which spreads out over the whole city will form a healthy open space network in the downtown area.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.706-711
• /
• 1997

Low supply of water is generally the most serious factor limiting rice production. The experiment was conducted to identify the reasonable method for minimum irrigation under ridge direct seeding on dry paddy, at National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA in 1996. The results showed that the reduction ratio of irrigation water was high in order of furrow irrigation at 15-day>furrow irrigation at 10-day>flooding irrigation at 10-day>, and furrow irrigation at 5-day intervals. However, milled rice yield was high in the furrow irrigation at 5-day intervals and in flooding irrigation at 10-day intervals due to high ripened grain as compared with other treatments indicating two treatments were the most reasonable irrigation methods in terms of saving the labor cost and water supply as well as the admittable yield performance.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.46-59
• /
• 2023

Various Baekje ground-level building sites have been identified, in Pungnaptoseong Fortress, including Mirae Village's site E-1. However, building site E-1 is the only one with excavated roof tiles that are directly connected to the building site. As for building sites E-2, D-1, and D-2, which are comparable to site E-1, it is very possible that they had tiles on the roof based on their jeoksim (blocking facilities for roof slopes) and building structures. Also, although they are semi-underground pit structures, pit building sites A-30 and modern apartment site A-5, as well as the No.44 remains of Gyeongdang District, which is closer to a ground-level type, the buildings with tiles may have been constructed in the form of partial tile roofs rather than full-face tile roofs. Therefore, there may be several reasons behind the use of tiles on roofs in the early days, but the primary background of the building's authoritative function would have been considered first. Considering that China and Japan started using tiles on nationally important buildings such as palaces, temples, and ritual buildings, it may be presumed that Baekje began using tiles from the time it centralized power. It is believed that Baekje's early roof tile buildings evolved from rudimentary residential architecture to advanced public architecture, taking into consideration fire prevention and structural stability in large buildings. It is difficult to find similar cases in Korea with structural features such as the elevated foundations or underground stone foundations that can be found in Mirae Village building site E-1. Rather, similar architectural techniques can be found in China and Japan. In China, similar construction techniques were discovered in buildings of worship that were primarily built in the palace surroundings, such as Jangan Castle. Based on this, it appears that roof tile building sites, such as site E-1, that have been discovered have a strong correlation with the characteristics of buildings of worship, and ground type buildings, such as sites D-1 and D-2, are important facilities that are related to important public facilities such as state-run warehouses. This provides many implications regarding the early Baekje city structure.