• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.37-45
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• 2005

본 시험은 관행(일반)과 유기조사료 생산에서 여름 사료작물인 옥수수, 수수 및 수단그라스의 생산량과 생산비를 비교하기 위하여 실시하였다. 관행(일반)생산에 옥수수, 수수 및 수단그라스의 건물수량은 각각 14,265 kg/ha, 23,780 kg/ha 및 20,867kg/ha로 옥수수에 비하여 수수는 67%, 수단그라스는 46% 수량이 많았다. 관행 옥수수, 수수 및 수단그라스의 ha당 생산비는 3,167,346원, 2,579,545원 및 2,696,298원이었으며, 건물 1kg 생산비는 관행 옥수수, 수수 및 수단그라스가 각각 222원, 110원 및 131원으로 옥수수의 생산비가 수수보다 2배 많이 소요되었다. 그리고 생산비 중에서 가장 많은 비중을 차지하는 것은 지대(땅값)로 35.3%에서 37.6%를 차지하였으며, 다음은 비료(퇴비포함), 노동력 순으로 나타났다. 유기조사료 생산에서 옥수수, 수수 및 수단그라스의 건물수량은 각각 8,965 kg/ha, 17,719 kg/ha 및 15,260kg/ha로 옥수수에 비하여 수수는 98%, 수단그라스는 70% 수량이 많았다. 유기 옥수수, 수수 및 수단그라스의 ha당 생산비는 2,989,327원, 2,593,082원 및 2,660,894원이었으며, 건물 1kg 생산비는 유기 옥수수, 수수 및 수단그라스가 각각 334원, 149원 및 176원으로 옥수수의 생산비가 수수보다 2배 이상 많이 소요되었다. 그리고 유기 여름사료작물의 생산비 중에서 가장 많은 비중을 차지하는 것은 관행과 마찬가지로 지대(땅값)였으며, 다음은 퇴비생산, 노동력 순으로 나타났다. 관행 및 유기 여름사료작물의 생산량 비교에서 관행이 유기보다 건물수량은 5,656 kg/ha, TDN 수량은 3,531 kg/ha 많았다. 한편 관행 및 유기 여름사료작물의 생산비에서는 면적당 생산비는 관행이 많았으나 건물 TDN 1kg 당 생산비는 유기 여름사료작물이 관행보다 건물은 66원, TDN은 100원 많이 소요되었다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해볼 때 관행 생산 여름 사료작물이 유기생산보다 생산량과 단위면적당 생산비는 많았으나 kg당 생산비는 유기 생산이관행보다 많이 소요되었다. 생산비 중에서 가장 많은 비중을 차지한 것은 지대(땅값)였으며, 다음은 퇴비와 노동력이 가장 많은 비중을 차지하여 농가의 낙농경영에 가장 어려운 문제는 땅값, 퇴비생산, 노동력으로 평가되었다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.245-251
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• 2013

These experiments are being conducted to obtain data of plant height, panicle length, heading date, number of culm, and fresh and dry weight, crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients (TDN) by six times seeding of 10 days interval ranging from May 1st to June 21st for two types of barnyard millet from the Suwon area in Korea. In the early-heading type, IT 170609 (Echinochloa crus-galli), the plant height and the number of culm per square meters are decreased by late seeding relatively, and heading date is 7 to 10 days earlier than the late seeding. And the dry weight of forage is rapidly decreased after the June 11th seeding. In the late-heading type, IT 195422 (Echinochloa frumentacea), the plant height and the number of culm per square meters are also decreased by late seeding relatively, and heading date is about 13 days earlier than late seeding. The dry weight of forage was rapidly decreased after the June 11th seeding. In both two types, the nutritive value of ADF, NDF, and TDN are not changed by late seeding, but crude protein is increased by late seeding. The TDN yields of late-heading type, IT 195400, show average amounts in the June 1st seeding, but the TDN yield of early-heading type, IT 170606, indicate safety amounts of dry weight to the March 21st seeding. And these data are available for cropping systems, cultivating barnyard millet in summer and cereals for forage in winter, to get high production of forage in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.367-372
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• 1997

Excessive water stress is one of major limiting factors affecting soybean yield, especially when soybean is grown in converted upland from paddy field. The present study was undertaken to know the genotypic variation in yield response of soybean to different environments in combination with soil texture and underground water table depth. Eight recommended soybean varieties in Korea and two supernodulating soybean mutants introduced from USA were planted in the lysimeter which was filled with two different soil types(sandy loam and clay loam). Of three underground water table depths(10, 30, and 50 cm) during whole growth stage, the lowest 10 cm was included to create excessive water stress. Yield was significantly different according to the underground water table depth and soybean genotypes, whereas soil type did not affect yield. There were significant interaction effects of soybean yield among soil type, soybean genotype, and underground water table depth. Yield of nts 1116 showed the highest across environments. Based on the regression analysis, the most stable variety was Sobaeknamulkong(bi=1.09). Jangsukong was fairly stable and high in yield, when compared to other soybean genotypes. However, nts 1116 was the most desirable ($D_i=228$) mainly due to the highest yield rather than the greater stability over environments. Multiple regression analysis revealed that shoot dry weight and nodule number were major factors affecting yield in the combined data over three water table depths and two soil types.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.164-168
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• 1986

This study was conducted at the forage experiment field of SNU, Snweon to investigate effects of sowing time and seeding rate on growth characteristics, winter survival and dry matter yield of forage rye (Secale cereale L.) as fresh-cut forage. Treatments involved 9 combinations of sowing times (September 8, 28 and October 18) and seeding rates(80, 130 and 180kg $ha^{-1}$). Plant height was not influenced by the time of sowing, but forage rye had a tendency to be taller as increasing seeding rate when sown on September 8 and October 28 and harvested in fall and spring, respectively, Winter survival was reduced by fall harvesting in the plot sown on September 8, however, total dry matter yield was increased by the fall harvesting. Average dry matter yields of 5884, 4993 and 3525kg $ha^{-1}$ were obtained when forage rye was sown on September 8, 28 and October 18, respectively. Dry matter yield was decreased as delaying the time of sowing, but a tendency toward higher yield of forage rye by increasing seeding rate was observed. Yield difference by seeding rates was markedly larger when forage rye was sown on October 18 than September 8 and 28. Based on the results of this study, it appears that the dry matter yield of forage rye could be enhanced by sowing early to late September under upland condition in the middle plain are of Korea. The seeding rates of 80 to 130 kg $ha^{-1}$ and 180kg $ha^{-1}$ would be suitable for early to mid fall and late fall sowings, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2012

This experiment was conducted to evaluate agronomic characteristics and forage productivity of italian ryegrass cultivars at Seongju in the Kyeongbuk from 2010 to 2012. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Italian ryegrass cultivars were seeded on Oct. 12 in 2010 and Oct. 3 in 2011. The early-medium maturing cultivars were harvested on 29 Apr. and the medium late ones were harvested on 4 May in 2011. In 2012, the early-medium cultivars were harvested on 28 Apr. and medium late ones were harvested on 12 May. DM (dry matter) yield of the early-medium maturing cultivars 'Yeonbong3', 'Seongnong', 'Winter Hawk', 'Pride' and 'Kowinnearly' was 9,850, 9,778, 9,486, 9,363 and 9,267 kg/ha and DM yield of those were significantly higher (p<0.05) than other seven cultivars or ones. DM yield of the medium-late maturing cultivars 'Tetragold', 'Hwasan 101', 'Jumbo', 'Sungrazer', 'Master', 'SelectIV' and 'KB Royal' was 9,542, 9,492, 9,103, 8,981, 8,903, 8,870 and 8,681 kg/ha and DM yield of those were higher (p<0.05) than other three. Cold tolerance for 'Hwasan 101' was higher than others, in medium-late maturing cultivars. According to the results obtained from this study, it is suggested that early-medium maturing cultivars would be recommendable for DM production.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

Yield prediction model for mixed pasture was developed with a shortage that the relationship between dry matter yield (DMY) and days of summer depression (DSD) was not properly reflected in the model in the previous research. Therefore, this study was designed to eliminate the data of the regions with distinctly different climatic conditions and then investigate their relationships DMY and DSD using the data in each region separately of regions with distinct climatic characteristics and classify the data based on regions for further analysis based on the previous mixed pasture prediction model. The data set used in the research kept 582 data points from 11 regions and 41 mixed pasture types. The relationship between DMY and DSD in each region were analyzed through scatter plot, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis in each region separately. In the statistical analysis, DMY was taken as the response variable and 5 climatic variables including DSD were taken as explanatory variables. The results of scatter plot showed that negative correlations between DMY and DSD were observed in 7 out of 9 regions. Therefore, it was confirmed that analyzing the relationship between DMY and DSD based on each region is necessary and 5 regions were selected (Hwaseong, Suwon, Daejeon, Siheung and Gwangju) since the data size in these regions is large enough to perform the further statistical analysis based on large sample approximation theory. Correlation analysis showed that negative correlations were found between DMY and DSD in 3 (Hwaseong, Suwon and Siheung) out of the 5 regions, meanwhile the negative relationship in Hwaseong was confirmed through multiple regression analysis. Therefore, it was concluded that the interpretability of the yield prediction model for mixed pasture could be improved based on constructing the models using the data from each region separately instead of using the pooled data from different regions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.323-330
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• 2008

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of application of cattle manure and chemical fertilizer on dry matter productivity and nutritive values of rye and hairy vetch according to two different sowing methods such as single or mixed-sowed cultivation. Dry matter and TDN yields for rye single culture, and rye and hairy vetch mixed culture were 7.2 and 4.0 ton/ha, and 8.0 and 4.4 ton/ha, respectively. They were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that (4.5 and 2.7 ton/ha) of hairy vetch single culture. Moreover, plots produced by mixed-sowing cultivation had a higher crude protein (CP) as 7.7% than that of only rye plot, and higher TDN and RFV as 55.8 and 79.4%, respectively. Within rye alone plots, completely cattle slurry application produced significantly higher annual DM and TDN yields (7.4 and 4.1 ton/ha) than those of P+K fertilization (7.2 and 3.9 ton/ha) as a chemical fertilizer and non-fertilizer (5.5 and 3.1 ton/ha). Cattle slurry application plot revealed 75.52 and 78.97% of N+P+K fertilization plot for annual DM and TDN, respectively. Within mixed-sowing cultivation with rye and hairy vetch, completely cattle slurry application produced 7.6 ton/ha DM and 4.5 ton/ha TDN, showing 79.50 and 86.77% of N+P+K fertilization plot, respectively. Furthermore, the CP content for cattle slurry plots was 8.5%, which was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of other plots, and it was also highest in TDN (58.3%) and RFV (86). Overall, rye mixed-sowing with hairy vetch rather than rye alone sowing reduced DM yields, but leaded to enhancement of feed value and nutritive yields. And also, it would be expected that cattle slurry application in comparison with chemical fertilizers might result in reutilization of resources, improved forage quality and, extended harvest period by preventing feed value from rapidly deteriorating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.91.1-91
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• 1999

본 연구는 호밀$\longrightarrow$옥수수$\longrightarrow$연맥 작부조합에서 소 및 돼지액상분뇨를 시용수준을 달리하여 연용하였을 때 각 작물의 건물수량, 질산태질소 함량 및 토양특성 변화를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 전체적인 건물수량 비교에서는 소 및 돼지액상분뇨구 모두 시용수준을 100% 이상 증량 시용하였을 때 대조구(화학비료표준구) 보다 높았으며, 식물체 중 질산태질소 함량은 호밀 및 옥수수의 경우 전체 시험구 모두 0.15% 이하의 수준을 보였으나, 연맥은 0.18-0.26%의 높은 수준을 보였다.(중략)

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.301-309
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• 1985

This experiment was conducted to know a substantial body of information about the differences of the important forage characteristics; green fodder yield, dry matter yield, TDN%, TDN yield and so forth of the seven cultivars selected as the forage crops (Rye, Triticale, Wheat and Barley) depending on the specific times of cutting stage, on the Wheat and Barley Research Institute from October, 1983 to June, 1984, and the results summarized as follows. Green fodder yield & dry matter weight, when clipped at 20, 30 April and 10 May, of varieties Homil #2 showed the most yielding capacity, but when clipped at 20 May, Suweon#8 (triticale) showed the most green fodder yield whereas Homil #1 the most significant dry matter weight. Plant height, in the cases of Paldanghomil, Homil #1 & Homil #2, showed distinctly longer than that of Bunong, Suweon #8 & Suweon #9 and continued to grow even after the heading date. Dry matter ratio increased with time (Dry matter yield/green fodder yield x100). TDN % decreased but TDN yield increased with time but Homil #1, Homil #2 and Paldanghomil showed relatively the higher values. In the elements of nutrient of cell wall, Suweon #8 & Bungong among 7 cultivars have good quality. The reasonable clipping date of wheat &barley as green fodder crops are 10 May to 20 May, but if clipped before 10 May and 20 May, Homil #2 and Suweon #8 became the promising forage crops, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1992

This experiment was carrid out to determine the effect of cutting height and nitrogen level on dead stubble, tiller and branch new shoot dry matter yield and total dry matter of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid{Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench}.The main treatment was four cutting height(5cm, IOcm, 15cm, 20cm), and the sub treatment was three nitrogen level(l50kg, 250kg, 350kglha).The experiment was performed at the Collage of Natural Science of Kon-Kuk University at Chungju in 1988. 1. Plant length tends to increase in the high cutting height and high N level. Especially, the difference of plant height was significant in warm season. 2. The number of dead stubble after cutting was significantly(P