• 공업화학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

산화티탄은 가장 많이 연구된 반도체 산화물로 환경 정화와 에너지 생산에 응용이 크게 기대되고 있다. 공기와 물 속의 유해 유기물을 제거하고 물분해를 통한 수소 생산은 대표적인 응용 분야이다. 산화티탄의 저렴한 가격, 낮은 독성, 화학적 및 열적 안정성은 잘 알려진 장점이다. 그러나, 산화티탄의 단점은 가시광 영역에서 광촉매 활성이 낮다는 점이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 귀금속, 금속, 양이온, 음이온 도핑 방법으로 산화티탄의 표면과 전기적 구조를 변형시켜 가시광 영역에서 광촉매 활성을 높이기 위한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 이번 총설에서는 산화티탄의 가시광 감응을 유도하는 방법에 대한 광범위한 정보를 정리하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.222-222
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• 2011

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has a number of applications in optics and electronics due to its superior properties, such as physical and chemical stability, high refractive index, good transmission in vis and NIR regions, and high dielectric constant. Atomic layer deposition (ALD), also called atomic layer epitaxy, can be regarded as a special modification of the chemical vapor deposition method. ALD is a pulsed method in which the reactant vapors are alternately supplied onto the substrate. During each pulse, the precursors chemisorb or react with the surface groups. When the process conditions are suitably chosen, the film growth proceeds by alternate saturative surface reactions and is thus self-limiting. This makes it possible to cover even complex shaped objects with a uniform film. It is also possible to control the film thickness accurately simply by controlling the number of pulsing cycles repeated. We have investigated the ALD of TiO2 at 100$^{\circ}C$ using precursors titanium tetra-isopropoxide (TTIP) and H2O on -O, -OH terminated Si surface by in situ X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. ALD reactions with TTIP were performed on the H2O-dosed Si substrate at 100$^{\circ}C$, where one cycle was completed. The number of ALD cycles was increased by repeated deposition of H2O and TTIP at 100$^{\circ}C$. After precursor exposure, the samples were transferred under vacuum from the reaction chamber to the UHV chamber at room temperature for in situ XPS analysis. The XPS instrument included a hemispherical analyzer (ALPHA 110) and a monochromatic X-ray source generated by exciting Al K${\alpha}$ radiation (h${\nu}$=1486.6 eV).

• 공업화학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.58-62
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• 2010

$TiOSO_4$와 다층벽탄소나노튜브(MWCNT)를 사용하여 가수분해법으로 CNT-$TiO_{2}$ 나노복합체를 제조하였다. 제조된 $TiO_{2}$-CNT 복합체의 CNT는 아나타제 $TiO_{2}$에 균일하게 분산되어 있으며 MWCNT의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 결정성 탄소의 비율과 O/Ti 비율이 증가함을 확인할 수 있다. CNT-$TiO_{2}$복합체의 광활성 및 오염물 흡착능력을 UV 조사 시간에 따른 메틸렌블루의 분해정도로 확인하였다. MWCNT의 비율이 높아질수록 높은 흡착능과 광분해능을 나타내었다. 이는 MWCNT의 높은 비표면적, 산소포함 관능기, 낮은 밴드갭 에너지, 높은 전기전도성, 높은 부피 대 표면적 비율, 균일한 구조 및 특성으로 인하여 CNT-$TiO_{2}$ 복합체의 광활성에 도움을 주는 것으로 보인다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2009

Recent publications showed that metal nanoparticles which are made from $TiO_2,\;CeO_2,\;Al_2O_3,\;CuCl_2,\;AgNO_3$ and $ZnO_2$ induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory effects in cultured cells and the responses seemed to be common toxic pathway of metal nanoparticles to the ultimate toxicity in animals as well as cellular level. In this study, we compared the gene expression induced by two different types of metal oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNP) and cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CNP) using microarray analysis. About 50 genes including interleukin 6, interleukin 1, platelet-derived growth factor $\beta$, and leukemia inhibitory factor were induced in cultured BEAS2B cells treated with TNP 40 ppm. When we compared the induction levels of genes in TNP-treated cells to those in CNP-treated cells, the induction levels were very correlated in various gene categories (r=0.645). This may suggest a possible common toxic mechanism of metal oxide nanoparticles.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.12-15
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• 2006

Magnetic and electronic properties of reduced rutile titanium dioxide $(TiO_{2-\delta})$ thin films doped by Mn have been investigated. The present sol-gel-grown semiconducting $TiO_{2-\delta}:Mn$ films exhibit a ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature for a limited range of Mn content. The Mn-doped films have p-type electrical conductivity with the carrier concentration near $10^{19}\;cm^{-3}$. The observed room-temperature ferromagnetism is believed to be intrinsic but not related to free carriers such as holes. Oxygen vacancies are likely to contribute to the room-temperature ferromagnetism-trapped carriers in oxygen vacancies can mediate a ferromagnetic coupling between neighboring $Mn^{+3}$ ions. The energy band-gap change due to the Mn doping measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry exhibits a red-shift compared to that of the undoped sample at low Mn content. It is explainable in terms of strong spin-exchange interactions between Mn ion and the carrier.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1857-1863
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• 2013

Most of biomaterials come in direct contact with the body, making standardized methods of evaluation and validation of biocompatibility an important aspect to biomaterial development. However, biomaterial validation guidelines have not been fully established, until now. This study was to compare the in vitro behavior of osteoblasts cultured on nanomaterial $TiO_2$ surfaces to osteoblast behavior on culture plates. Comparisons were also made to cells grown in conditioned media (CM) that creates an environment similar to the in vivo environment. Comparisons were made between the different growth conditions for osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and functionality. We found that the in vivo-like system of growing cells in concentrated CM provided a good validation method for biomaterial development and in vivo implant therapy. The $TiO_2$ materials were biocompatible, showing similar behavior to that observed in vivo. This study provided valuable information that would aid in the creation of guidelines into standardization and evaluation of biocompatibility in $TiO_2$ biomaterials.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.323-325
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• 2007

$TiO_{2}$ electrode electrospun directly onto the substrate was developed for energy conversion device. To enhance energy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell, electrodes should have higher surface area to absorb more dyes and higher conductivity to reduce recombination of generated electrons. $TiO_{2}$ nanofibers with higher surface areas were fabricated by annealing electrospun $TiO_{2}/PVP$ nanofibers at $500^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs in air. it was revealed that $TiO_{2}$ nanofiber electrodes is hybrid with MWNT showed higher conductivity than $TiO_{2}$ semiconductor electrode possibly due to band gap change.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.865-869
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• 2002

We investigated the reaction stability of titanium, cobalt and their bilayer films with side-wall spacer materials of SiO$_2$ for the salicide process. We prepared Ti 350 $\AA$, Co 150 $\AA$, Co 150 $\AA$/Ti 100 $\AA$ and Ti 100 $\AA$/Co 150 $\AA$ films on 1000 $\AA$-thick thermally grown SiO$_2$ substrates, respectively. Then the samples were rapid thermal annealed at the temperatures of $500^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$, and $700^{\circ}C$ for 20 seconds. We characterized the sheet resistance of the metallic layers with a four-point probe, surface roughness with scanning probe microscope, residual phases with an Auger depth profilometer, phase identification with a X-ray diffractometer, and cross-sectional microstructure evolution with a transmission electron microscope, respectively. We report that Ti reacted with silicon dioxide spacers above $700^{\circ}C$, Co agglomerated at $600^{\circ}C$, and Co/Ti, Ti/Co formed CoTi compound requiring a special wet process.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.530-533
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• 1998

Chemical vapor deposition of $TiCl_4$ followed by the hydrolysis thereof at elevated temperatures was employed for the formation of $TiO_2$ clusters inside ZSM-5 matrix. BET and XRD revealed that the zeolite structure remains intact. XPS, Raman, FTIR, and UV-VIS reflectance spectroscopy indicated that $TiO_2$ particles thus formed are extremely small and localized inside the zeolite matrix.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2014

PURPOSES : In areas of high traffic volume, such as expressway across large cities, the amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted into the atmosphere as air pollution can be significant since NOx gases are the major cause of smog and acid rain. Recently, the importance of NOx removal has arisen in the world. Titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$), that is one of photocatalytic reaction material, is very efficient for removing NOx. The NOx removing mechanism of $TiO_2$ is the reaction of solar photocatalysis. Therefore, $TiO_2$ in road structure concrete need to be contacted with ultraviolet rays (UV) to be activated. In general, $TiO_2$ concretes are produced by replacement of $TiO_2$ as a part of concrete binder. However, considerable portion of $TiO_2$ in concrete cannot contact with the pollutant in the air and UV. Therefore, $TiO_2$ penetration method using the surface penetration agents is attempted as an alternative in order to locate $TiO_2$ to the surface of concrete structure. METHODS : This study aimed to evaluate the NOx removal efficiency of photocatalytic concrete due to various $TiO_2$ application method such as mix with $TiO_2$, surface spray($TiO_2$ penetration method) on hardened concrete and fresh concrete using surface penetration agents. The NOx removal efficiency of $TiO_2$ concrete was confirmed by NOx Analyzing System based on the specification of ISO 22197-1. RESULTS : The NOx removal efficiency of mix with $TiO_2$ increased from 11 to 25% with increasing of replacement ratio from 3 to 7%. In case of surface spray on hardened concrete, the NOx removal efficiency was about 50% due to application amount of $TiO_2$ with surface penetration agents as 300, 500 and 700g/m2. The NOx removal efficiency of surface spray on fresh concrete due to all experimental conditions, on the other hand, which was very low within 10%. CONCLUSIONS : It was known that the $TiO_2$ penetration method as surface spray on hardened concrete was a good alternative in order to remove the NOx gases for concrete road structures.