• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

Objectives : For investigating relationship between oral condition and body mass of adolescent period and helping to make basic data which make oral care systematically while performing health care for adolescent. Methods : This research was carried out by performing oral and physical test of 273 high school students in some reasons from July 2nd to 16th in 2012. Results : There were significant differences, since the more subjects had irregular occlusion, the more they had loosing tooth(p<0.05). There was a significant difference, since when subjects had more numbers of regular occlusion, they had higher BMI and heavier weight.(p<0.001). There are significant different, since when the subjects had worse peridontal condition, they had more numbers of DT(p<0.001). There was a significant difference in occlusion and body mass group, since when subjects had regular occlusion, 46.4% of subjects were standard body weight, 41.0% of subjects were overweight and when subjects needed orthodontics, 52.7% of subjects were standard body weight, 33.8% of subjects were low-weight, and 13.5% of subjects were overweight(p<0.001). In the correlation between oral condition and BMI, DT index showed negative interrelation with FT index(r=-0.179) and positive interrelation with periodontal condition(r=0.221), MT index showed positive interrelation with occlusion(r=0.137) and FT index showed positive interrelation with height(r=0.136). BMI showed highly positive interrelation with weight(r=0.940), and when occlusion was worse, it shows negative interrelation with BMI(r=-0.293). Height showed highly positive interrelation with weight(r=0.447), and when the more subjects had malocclusion, it showed low negative interrelation with weight (r=-0.257). Conclusions : It was considered that an adolescent period forms health habits, so it was important to increase health action through education for growing healthy adult and not only guiding improvement of dietary life for keeping normal weight, but also conducting oral health education for treating regular occlusion of oral condition and prosthetic procedures for loosing tooth right time.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.125-137
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• 1999

Under the condition of RicM $\geq$ -(n-1), injM $\geq$ I0, we prove the existence of an $\varepsilon$>0 such that on the region of volume $\varepsilon$>0 the curvature condition of splitting theorem can be weakened.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제31권3_4호
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• pp.399-416
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• 2013

The semilocal convergence of a third order iterative method used for solving nonlinear operator equations in Banach spaces is established by using recurrence relations under the assumption that the second Fr´echet derivative of the involved operator satisfies the ${\omega}$-continuity condition given by $||F^{\prime\prime}(x)-F^{\prime\prime}(y)||{\leq}{\omega}(||x-y||)$, $x,y{\in}{\Omega}$, where, ${\omega}(x)$ is a nondecreasing continuous real function for x > 0, such that ${\omega}(0){\geq}0$. This condition is milder than the usual Lipschitz/H$\ddot{o}$lder continuity condition on $F^{\prime\prime}$. A family of recurrence relations based on two constants depending on the involved operator is derived. An existence-uniqueness theorem is established to show that the R-order convergence of the method is (2+$p$), where $p{\in}(0,1]$. A priori error bounds for the method are also derived. Two numerical examples are worked out to demonstrate the efficacy of our approach and comparisons are elucidated with a known result.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.41-49
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• 2003

Tube oscillation behaviour is experimentally investigated for the study on the fuel rod fretting that is caused by the flow-induced vibration in nuclear reactor. The experiment was conducted in all at room temperature. The specimen of tube assembly was supported by plate springs which simulated the spacer grids and fuel rods of a fuel assembly. To investigate the influence of contact condition between the grids and rods, normal load of 10 and 5 N, gaps of 0.1 and 0.3 mm were applied. The range of the oscillation at the center of the fuel rod specimen was varied as 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mm to simulate the fuel rod vibration due to flow. Displacements near the contact were measured with four displacement sensors during the tube oscillation. As results, the shape of oscillation (phase) varied depending on the contact condition. The oscillation displacement increased considerably from the contact to gap condition. The displacement increased further as the gap size increased. It is regarded that the spring shape influences the tube oscillation behaviour. Simple calculation showed that the slip displacement was very small. Therefore, cumulative damage concept is necessary for the fuel rod wear. The mechanism of plowing is thought required to explain the severe wear in the case of gap existence.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1270-1277
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• 2017

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the impact of ewe body condition score (BCS) (over a range of 2.0 to 3.0) and nutritional treatments (consisting of differing herbage masses) during very late pregnancy and lactation and their potential interaction on the performance of twin-bearing ewes and their lambs to weaning. Methods: On day 142 of pregnancy, twin-bearing ewes with a BCS of 2.0, 2.5, or 3.0 were allocated to a "Moderate' or 'Unrestricted' nutritional treatment until day 95 of lactation (weaning). The nutritional treatments aimed to achieve average herbage masses of 1,200 to 1,300 kg dry matter (DM)/ha (Moderate) and 1,500 to 1,800 kg DM/ha (Unrestricted). Results: There were no three-way interactions between ewe BCS group, nutritional treatment and time for any ewe or lamb parameter. The nutritional treatments had no effect (p>0.05) on lamb birth or weaning weight. Lambs born to Moderate ewes had greater survival and total litter weight at weaning (p<0.05). Regardless of BCS group, Unrestricted treatment ewes had greater body condition and back-fat depth at weaning than Moderate treatment ewes (p<0.05). Ewes of BCS 2.0 group reared lighter lambs to weaning (p<0.05) and tended to have a lower total litter weight (p = 0.06) than BCS 3.0 group ewes. Conclusion: This study suggests farmers should aim to have all ewes with a BCS of 2.5 or 3 in late pregnancy for optimal lamb weaning performance. Furthermore, there is no benefit to lamb production of offering ewes pasture masses >1,200 kg DM/ha during very late pregnancy and lactation.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.405-413
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• 2005

We consider the connections $\nabla$ on the Rizza manifold (M, J, L) satisfying ${\nabla}G=0\;and\;{\nabla}J=0$. Among them, we derive a Lichnerowicz connection from the Cart an connection and characterize it in terms of torsion. Generalizing Kahler condition in Hermitian geometry, we define a Kahler condition for Rizza manifolds. For such manifolds, we show that the Cartan connection and the Lichnerowicz connection coincide and that the almost complex structure J is integrable.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.390-396
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• 2019

Background: Usually ginseng seeds are sown during autumn and spring. Sowing in spring often results in poorer seedling establishment than in autumn. One of the reasons for poor germination could be cold-treatment condition for breakage of physiological dormancy during winter. Here we tested the effects of storage temperature used during cold treatment on germination. Methods and Results: Germination properties were observed after dehiscent seeds were stored as wet and dry at 2℃, -2℃, -3.5℃ and alternating temperature (AT). Seed dryness and storage temperature affected germination properties (p < 0.01). Wet and AT condition germinated highest, and wet and -3.5℃ condition germinated lowest, which was 91.2% and 1.4% respectively. Mean germination time (MGT) of the wet and AT condition was faster than other treatments at 2.4 days, and the dry and -2℃ condition was the longest. Germination performance index (GPI) was highest for wet and AT condition (37.7%) and the lowest for wet and -3.5℃ condition (0.5%). The growth of above-ground and below-ground were the best for wet and 2℃ condition, and wet seeds showed better growth than dry seeds (p < 0.01). Conclusions: For cold treatment, ginseng seeds may not be stored below -2℃ for successful germination during spring sowing.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.479-492
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• 2009

This study was conducted to find out the relationship between dental anxiety and self-efficacy, physical and psychological condition and expected self-efficacy. The objective of this study was also to provide foundation for appropriate dental hygiene intervention model for scaling. In this study, anxiety reactions were measured among 178 patients, who made appointment with dental hygienists for scaling between May and July, 2009. The analysis was done in SPSS 12.0 statistical program which confirmed Cranach's alpha value. Technical statistics, t-test and One-way ANOVA, correlation and regression were also used. The result of the study is following: While dental hygienist conducts scaling, the dental anxiety was each measured in following categories: Thus male, age between 40 and 50, single, high school graduated and unemployed were measured highest dental anxiety among various groups. Dental Fear Scale demonstrated the validity of relationship between dental anxiety and self efficacy. The correlation was equated as r=-.409(p<0.01). In the other words, the higher self efficacy, the lower dental anxiety. The relationship between dental anxiety and physical and physiological condition was relevant. Physical condition was r=-.229(p<0.01) And then, the psychological condition was r=-.299(p<0.01). Thus, better physical and physiological condition results in less dental anxiety. The relationship between expected Self-efficacy and dental anxiety is also valid. The dental anxiety after performance accomplishment is r=-.239(p<0.01), after vicarious experience is r=-.195(p<0.01), after verbal persuasion is r=-.152(p<0.05), after recognition of physiological state is r=-.410(p<0.01). In conclusion, sex, age, marital status, education level, employment, physical condition, physiological condition are all relevant to dental anxiety(F=8.834). Both independent and dependent variables p<.05 have 37.5% persuasiveness.

• Plant Resources
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2004

Allium wakegi was cultured shoot tip in the condition of light culture. The Allium wakegi added plant growth regulator was observed of plant regeneration and bulblet formation. Callus Induction and growing rate was the best of 78％ when added alone 2,4-D 0.5mg/L. In the formation of shoot, its regeneration rate was 96％ when added BA 0.5mg/L in the light culture condition. When BA 0.5mg/L and NAA 0.5mg/L mixed and BA 0.5 mg/L and NAA 1.0mg/L mixed, the rates were 99％ and 97％ respectively, and these conditions were suitable for forming shoot. In the formation of roots, when added NAA 2.0mg/L in the light culture condition, the regeneration rate was 90.6 ％ and the roots were abnormal. When added NAA 1.0mg/L, the rate was 82 ％ and the highest. In the formation of bulbs, when BA 05mg/L and NAA 1.0mg/L mixed, the root generantion and its size in the bulbs was the best compare to other treatment experiments.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2009

CN values are changed by various surface condition, which is cover type or treatment, hydrologic condition, or percent impervious area, even the same combination of land use and hydrologic soil group. In this study, CN parameters were regionalized for Nakdong River Basin by Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA) coupled with SCE-UA, which is one of the global optimization technique. Six watersheds were selected for calibration (optimization) and periodic validation and two watersheds for spatical validation as ungauged watershed within Nakdong River Basin. Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) values were 0.66~0.86 for calibration, 0.68~0.91 for validation, and 0.60 and 0.85 for ungauged watersheds, respectively. Urban area for the selected watersheds covered high impervious area with 85% for residential area and 92% for commercial/industrial/transportation area. Hydrologic characteristics for crop area was similar to row crop with contoured treatment and poor hydrologic condition. For the forested area, hydrologic characteristics could be clearly distinguished from the leaf types of plant. Deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forest showed low, moderate, and high runoff rates by representing wood with fair and poor hydrologic condition, and wood-grass combination with fair hydrologic condition, respectively. CN parameters from this study could be strongly recommended to be used to simulate runoff for ungauged watershed.