• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1293-1298
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• 1996

동종동맥판의 보존용액에 흔히 첨가되는 우혈청(Fetal Calrserum)의 항원성을 검사하기 위하여 쥐를 이용한 실험을 하였다 동종동맥 판을 2개의 군으로 나누어 대조군은 우릴청을 첨가하지 않은 보존용액을 사용하여 보존처리하고, 실험군은 우혈청을 첨가한 보존용액을 사용하여 보존처리하였다. 14일간에 걸친 냉장보존(4$^{\circ}C$) 및 냉동보존후 혈관내피세포를 분리하여 면역화학적 검사를 통한 면역표현정도를 조사하였다. 이때 면역표현정도의 검사로써 MHC class I 항체, MHC class II항체, ICAM-1 항체를 측정하였다. 실험의 결과 대조군과 실험군사이에 통계적으로 의미있는 차이를 발견할 수 없었다(MHC class I 표현: p=0.524, MHC class 표현: p=0.897, ICAM 1 표현: p=0.1305). 이와 같은 결과를 볼 때 동종동맥판의 보존처리를 할 때 세포의 생육성보존효과를 갖고있는 우혈청을 보존용액에서 배제하는 것이 바람직하다고 볼 수 없다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.419-432
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to observe how the Class III intermaxillary elastics act upon the craniofacial structures of mixed dentition with anterior crossbites. The cephalometric headplafes of 16 childrens treated only with Class III elastics (C III elastics group) and 23 childrens treated with Class III elastics and Reverse pull headgear simultaneously (C III elastics + RPHG group) were traced, digitized and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows. 1 . Anterior displacement of maxilla was observed in both groups. 2. Simultaneous Class III elastics and reverse pull headgear group showed the counterclockwise rotation of maxilla, however Class III elastics group manifested no rotational change of maxilla. 3. Simultaneous Class III elastics and reverse pull headgear group showed the downward and backward rotation of mandible, however Class III elastics group manifested no rotational change of mandible. 4. Counterclockwise canting of occlusal plane, labial tipping of upper incisor and lingual tipping of lower incisor and mesial displacement of upper molar to pterygoid root vertical were observed in both groups.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 1980

This study was undertaken to compare the craniofacial morphology of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with that of normal occlusion in children, and to investigate the incidence of various Class II, Division 1 craniofacial skeletal patterns. The subjects consist of thirty seven boys and fifty three girls with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion, and forty six boys and eighty one girls 10-15 years with normal occlusion. Measurements were recorded, tabulated and analyzed on the lateral cephalograms by the degree of SNA, SNB and ANB. The following characteristics of the Class II, Division 1 skeletal pattern were observed. 1. The anteroposterior relationship of the maxilla to the cranium in the Class II, Division 1 was very similar to that of normal occlusion. 2, Mandible of the Class II, Division 1 malocclusion was in the posterior position in relation to the cranial anatomy when compared to normal. 3. The chin point as measured by SN Pog and NS Gn showed distal positioning in relation to normal occlusion. 4. SN to mandibular plane angle was large in Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. 5. Mandibular incisor inclination was not significantly different between Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and normal occlusion, but maxillary incisors inclined and positioned labially and consequently overjet was large in Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. 6. Class II, Division 1 malocclusion was divided into four types of craniofacial skeletal pattern. The most common Class II, Division 1 pattern was found to be type C in which SN-Mand. Pl. was above mean range of normal occlusion. The next frequent pattern was found to be type A in which maxilla and mandible were within normal range of protrusion while upper incisors were severly labially inclined.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2019

If 𝖃 is a class of groups, denote by F𝖃 the class of groups G such that for every $x{\in}G$, there exists a normal subgroup of finite index H(x) such that ${\langle}x,h{\rangle}{\in}$ 𝖃 for every $h{\in}H(x)$. In this paper, we consider the class F𝖃, when 𝖃 is the class of nilpotent-by-finite, finite-by-nilpotent and periodic-by-nilpotent groups. We will prove that for the above classes 𝖃 we have that a finitely generated hyper-(Abelian-by-finite) group in F𝖃 belongs to 𝖃. As a consequence of these results, we prove that when the nilpotency class of the subgroups (or quotients) of the subgroups ${\langle}x,h{\rangle}$ are bounded by a given positive integer k, then the nilpotency class of the corresponding subgroup (or quotient) of G is bounded by a positive integer c depending only on k.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.66.1-66.1
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• 2013

We present various observational results toward a small group of Young Stellar Objects (YSOs), L1251C. Observations by Spitzer Space Telescope legacy program "From Molecular Cores to Planet Forming Disks" (c2d; Evans et al. 2003) revealed that there are three YSOs within ~15" in L1251C: IRS1 (Class I), IRS2 (Class II), and IRS3 (Class II). In order to understand the molecular environment around these YSOs, we carried out the KVN single-dish observations in $HCO^+$ J=1-0, $H^{13}CO^+$ J=1-0, $N_2H^+$ J=1-0 and HCN J=1-0. $^{12}CO$ J=1-0 was also mapped in L1251C with the TRAO 14m telescope. Integrated intensity maps of high density tracers such as $H^{13}CO^+$ J=1-0, $N_2H^+$ J=1-0 and HCN J=1-0 show similar emission distributions, whose peaks are off the positions of YSOs. A compact $HCO^+$ J=1-0 outflow and an extended $^{12}CO$ J=1-0 outflow were observed, but their outflow axes are not cosistent ($HCO^+$: NW-SE, $^{12}CO$: EW). However, the highest velocity component of the $^{12}CO$ J=1-0 outflow shows similar morphology to the $HCO^+$ J=1-0 outflow, and ~ 23 % of $^{12}CO$ outflow momentum flux is loaded onto this high velocity component. Furthermore, continuum emission has been observed at 350, 450, 850 ${\mu}m$, and 1.3mm. With the KVN single dish, the 22 GHz $H_2O$ maser emission has been also monitored toward L1251C to find variations of the systemic velocity and intensity with time.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제17C권2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2010

기존의 무선 센서 네트워크에서 클러스터링 기법을 제안한 LEACH는 데이터 전송에 있어서 플러딩 방식을 탈피, 효율적으로 에너지를 소비하여 네트워크의 통신량을 증가 시키는데 성공하였다. 또한 무선 센서 네트워크에서 QoS 기반의 제한적인 플러딩 방식을 제안한 기법도, 라우팅 경로 설정에 참여하는 노드의 숫자를 줄여, 에너지 소모를 줄이는데 성공하였다. 하지만 데이터 전송 시, 비교적 적은 홉 수의 라우팅 경로를 선호하였고, 이는 에너지 사용량을 증대시켜 전체 네트워크 성능 저하를 유발하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 무선 센서 네트워크에서 QoS(Quality of Service) 기반의 에너지 효율적인 클러스터링과 라우팅 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 무선 센서 네트워크 관련 연구 분야에서 가장 중요한 이슈인 에너지 효율에 기반을 두어, 데이터 패킷의 종류를 두 종류 (class 1, class 2)로 나누어 차별화된 서비스를 제공하는 기법을 제안하였다. NS-2를 사용하여 실험한 결과, 기존의 기법보다 노드의 평균 생존 시간을 약 2.47배 증가 시키고 class 1 데이터 패킷의 경우 약 312%, class 2 데이터 패킷의 경우 약 61%의 통신량을 증가시켰다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.743-749
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• 2002

A 1.5V 70㏈ 100MHz CMOS class-AB complementary operational amplifier is presented. For obtaining the high gain and the high unity gain frequency, the input stage of the amplifier is designed with rail-to-rail complementary differential pairs which are symmetrically parallel-connected with the NMOS and the PMOS differential input pairs, and the output stage is designed to the rail-to-rail class-AB output stage including the elementary shunt stage technique. With this design technique for output stage, the load dependence of the overall open loop gain is improved and the push-pull class-AB current control can be implemented in a simple way. The designed operational amplifier operates perfectly on the complementary mode with 180$^{\circ}$ phase conversion for 1.5V supply voltage, and shows the push-pull class-AB operation. In addition, the amplifier shows the DC open loop gain of 70.4 ㏈ and the unity gain frequency of 102 MHz for $C_{L=10㎊∥}$ $R_{L=1㏁}$ Parallel loads. When the resistive load $R_{L}$ is varied from 1 ㏁ to 1 ㏀, the DC open loop gain of the amplifier decreases by only 2.2 ㏈.a$, the DC open loop gain of the amplifier decreases by only 2.2 dB.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.51.1-51.1
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• 2013

We present molecular line observations of a small group of Young Stellar Objects (YSOs), L1251C. Observations by Spitzer Space Telescope legacy program "From Molecular Cores to Planet Forming Disks"(c2d; Evans et al. 2003) revealed that there are three YSOs within ~15" in L1251C: IRS1 (Class I), IRS2 (Class II), and IRS3 (Class II). In order to understand the molecular environment around these YSOs, we carried out the KVN single-dish observations in $HCO^+$ J=1-0, $H^{13}CO^+$ J=1-0, $N_2H^+$ J=1-0 and HCN J=1-0. CO J=1-0 was also mapped in L1251C with the TRAO 14m telescope. Integrated intensity maps of high density tracers such as $H^{13}CO^+$ J=1-0, $N_2H^+$ J=1-0 and HCN J=1-0 show similar emission distributions, whose peaks are off from the positions of YSOs. However, $HCO^+$ J=1-0, which is believed to trace both infall and outflow, presents its emission distribution different from those of other molecular transitions. The line profile of $HCO^+$ J=1-0 is superimposed by two velocity (narrow and broad) components. The $HCO^+$ outflow map reveals multiple structures while the CO outflow map elongates mainly along the EW direction. With the KVN single dish, the 22 GHz $H_2O$ maser emission has been also monitored toward L1251C to find variations of the systemic velocity and intensity with time.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.542-552
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• 2019

The strength assessment is the most important part at the design of ice-class propeller. Based on ice rules for ice-class propeller in IACS URI3 and FEM, the strength assessment method of ice-class propeller is established in this paper. To avoid the multifarious meshing process of propeller blade, an automatic meshing method has been developed by dividing the propeller geometry into a number of 8-node hexahedron elements along radial, chordwise and thickness directions, then the loaded areas in five cases can easily be calculated and identified. The static FEM is applied to calculate the stress and deformation of propeller blade. The fair agreements between the results of the present method and ANSYS/Workbench demonstrate its robust and the feasibility, and also the method is able to produce smooth gradient field. The blade stress and deformation distributions for five load cases are studied, and then the strength of the whole blade is checked.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.503-514
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• 2017

For real parameters ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ such that ${\alpha}$ < 1 < ${\beta}$, we denote by $\mathcal{P}({\alpha},{\beta})$ the class of analytic functions p, which satisfy p(0) = 1 and ${\alpha}$ < ${\Re}\{p(z)\}$ < ${\beta}$ in ${\mathbb{D}}$, where ${\mathbb{D}}$ denotes the open unit disk. Let ${\mathcal{A}}$ be the class of analytic functions in ${\mathbb{D}}$ such that f(0) = 0 = f'(0) - 1. For $f{\in}{\mathcal{A}}$, ${\mu}{\in}{\mathbb{C}}{\backslash}\{0\}$ and ${\nu}{\in}{\mathbb{C}}$, let $I_{{\mu},{\nu}:{\mathcal{A}}{\rightarrow}{\mathcal{A}}$ be an integral operator defined by $$I_{{\mu},{\nu}[f](z)}=\({\frac{{\mu}+{\nu}}{z^{\nu}}}{\int}^z_0f^{\mu}(t)t^{{\nu}-1}dt\)^{1/{\mu}}$$. In this paper, we find some sufficient conditions on functions to be in the class $\mathcal{P}({\alpha},{\beta})$. One of these results is applied to the integral operator $I_{{\mu},{\nu}}$ of two classes of starlike functions which are related to the class $\mathcal{P}({\alpha},{\beta})$.