The ships over the certain navigation area or her length are required to carry charts under the relevant laws. Charts are indispensible to the ships and fishing vessel, because their crew should know the water depth and location of obstacle in order to avoid danger in the navigation and fishing area. But it was found that many ships do not carry proper charts onboard according to the research marine accidents files of marine accident inquiry agency, and questionnaire survey. Consequently, many ships run aground on the coast and port. This study examined the present status of the coastal ship and the fishing vessels, and explained some problems in the aspect of the covering area, the place, the number of the selling agent and adjoining chart, as well as the geographical and traffic density, the crew on board the ship's characteristics, and so on. In this study we propose the way to solve the problem. firstly, the category of the fishing vessel which should carry the chart on bard under the related laws are required to be lowered to 10 gross tons. Besides a ship inspector should examine if the charts covering the area where to navigate even when the temporary inspection is done are carried on board property. Secondly, the inspection body or the controlling office of ship's entry and departure should check throughly whether the ships concerned carry the chart on board. Thirdly the fishing vessels should used the fishing charts, and the body concerned should train the offices about how to use chart, especiany the difference between Tokyo datum and WGS-84 datum. Fourthly the customized chart such as an atlas like a map, a calenda-type chart, a small chart, as a coated chart needs to be publish for the safety of small ship and fishing vessel. Fifthly, it is advisable to draw a recommended course in the route where the coastal navigate mainly and in the narrow channel, The adjoining area should be improved, as well as the qualify of the chart paper. Sixthly, publication of additional new chart in the southern part of East Sea, the eastern part of South Sea, the western part of South Sea and middle part of Yellow Sea near Incheon port should be thought over. Seventhly, the number of chart selling agent should be increased for the sake of purchaser in proportion to the number of port, and small correction of charts in selling agent must be carried out completely.

The collisions at sea among marine casualties are not reduced as the tonnage and speed of ship's increase as well as the traffic quantity increase at sea, in spite of the improvement of nautical equipment, enforcement of crew's education and training as well as improvement of quality standard according to the implementation of ISM code. The measures to prevent the collisions at sea are simple, and are composed of six stage.: The first stage is that the officer on duty detect the target from his eye or radar information. The second stage is determining the type and kind of target-ship. The third stage is target tracking; calculation of target speed, course, CPA and TCPA from radar information or visual check. The fourth stage is determination of vessel in danger after calculation of third stage. The fifth stage is the judgement of situation if own ship is stand-on or give way vessel according to the 1972 COLREG. The last stage is to carry out proper action according to 1972 COLREG, under the circumstances. But by the case, the situations are so different under the different external conditions; for example, natural/navigational conditions, crew's human factors, ship's particular, rule or regulation, management system on board, the condition of watch keeping. Therefore the reasons and casualties are so complicated. This study aims to investigate the collision casualty at sea which needs to clarity all these causal factors of afore-mentioned, and to analyze the causes of problems so as to utilize them to establish the measures of preventing marine accidents. This study, described the concepts of causal factors into three groups; environmental factor, and company/on board management system and navigator's act. Also described how to investigate and analyzes the casual factors. Even though it was described in this paper how to detect the causal factors and reasons of collisions, and how to analyze the inter-relation of each causal factors, it is necessary to do further study how to analyze between the liability of concerned parties and the casual factors involved.

The human error or error involved with human is still the major portion of the causes of marine casualties and attracting a great concern in ship operation. However, there are not so many researches conducted to investigate or develop methodologies for analyzing such causes of human error in maritime industry, which may be caused by the variety of factors affecting the performance of ship operation and the characteristics of human being. This paper aims to study the methodologies used in investigating human factors or errors in maritime field through the investigation of researches performed so far. The methodology for human factors can be usually classified into one of three types; descriptive studies, experimental research and evaluation research. Also there are many different kinds of applied researches for some specific subjects. Prior to the investigation of the root cause of marine accident related with human error, clear concept of the human factors and systematic taxonomy shall be established. Moreover, it is very important considerations in case of casualty inspection on human factors that the inspector on the accident shall have adequate knowledges, understandings on the concept of human factors including the way of research more than those of methodologies and techniques.

Recently, in the shipping companies have been employing prudently in order to prevent from sea accidents occurred by human factors. Also the students of merchant marine universities are choosing prudently the shipping companies when taking a job. But many qualitative and quantitative factors are considered in decision making for the employment and the choice of a company. FSM(Fuzzy Structural Modeling) has been widely used in modeling the system composed of such qualitative and quantitative factor. In this paper, a case study is discussed for the analysis of the consciousness of the employment of shining companies and students' choice of such company in maritime university using FSM. Also this paper proposed the planes for educating and recruitment guiding the student in maritime university.

As a shipboard dependency for the safety and reliability becomes very important, the need for solid systems providing non-stop workload has been increased. This system is heartbeat that transmits shipboard state, audit and control information to the land. So, this paper describes a ship's LAN configuration method for the safety and reliability. In order to achieve these requirements, network, server and disk fault tolerance techniques are surveyed, and dual network configuration model, cluster server configuration method are presented and tested based on the survey.

In this paper, we developed the Realtime Ship Position Information System and the software in relation to the system, which consists of the on-board system and the shore-based system. The on-board system is composed a GPS receiver, a computer, and a modem. The shore-based system is composed of a telephone, a modem and a computer. Both systems are operated by the data communication program The system displays automatically the ship's movement on the digital chart by using the ship's position acquired by a GPS receiver via INMARSAT-A communication system. The results presented in many experiments indicate that the system in processing the position data well during the transmission and reception.

This paper deals with the development of the generalized model to assist the empty container repositioning and leasing problems for liner shipping companies. For this, the existing models have been reviewed. And then a mathematical model has been proposed to handle the specific characteristics of the empty container management; the dynamic characteristics, the multi echelon of the transportation and distribution systems, and the substitutions among various container types. In particular, this paper puts an emphasis on the modeling framework for considering substitutions among various container types.

Shipping industry continues to face dramatic changes in its environment ranging from development in containerization, computerization and telecommunications to the emergence of global marketplace. Perhaps the most significant trend - representing both a threat and opportunity - is the increasingly competitive nature of shipping service market. In order for the shipping companies to cope with those improvements and challenges, they should analyze and clarify customer's DM(decision making) process for the purchase of container shipping service. The major research findings from the study were found as follows; 1) The degree of shipper's involvement in purchasing shipping services was found to be a discriminating variable affecting the information sources consisting of personal and non-personal information sources. 2) The positive relationship was found between the experiences on shipping services and non-personal information sources. 3) It was observed that as people had more experience searching for information, the more in depth their searches became. 4) There existed a positive relationship between knowledges on shipping services and information search. 5) According to the SEM analysis, the shipper's information search on shipping services was also found to have a great influence on the shipper's purchasing behavior. The shipper's search was resulted in positive customer satisfaction.

In the country where the population concentrates in the metropolis with the narrow land, development of the ocean space is necessary. Recently, mega-float offshore structure has been studied as one of the effective utilization of the ocean space. And very large floating structures are now being considered for various applications such as floating airports, offshore cities and so on. This very large structure is relatively flexible compared with real floating structures like large ships. when we estimate dynamic responses of these structures in waves, the elastic deformation is important, because vertical dimension is small compared with horizontal. And it is necessary to examine the effect of ocean wave external force received from the natural environment. In this study, the mat-type large floating structure is made to be analytical model. And the analysis of the dynamic response as it receives regular wave is studied. The finite element method is used in the analysis of structural section of this model. And the analysis is carried out using the boundary element method in the fluid division. The validity of analysis method is verified in comparison with the experimental result in the Japan Ministry of Transport Ship Research Institution. In order to know the characteristics of the dynamic response of the large floating structures, effects of wavelength, bending rigidity of the structure, water depth, and wave direction on dynamic response of the floating structure are studied by use of numerical calculation.