Mold platen are one of the most important structural components of the injection molding machine. Mold platen had been designed, and manufactured based on the experience and the method of trial and error. Recently, as the computer progress, the numerical simulation method using commercial finite element analysis code has been used to analyze the characteristics of components. It's a urgent problem to reduce the weight of mold platen while preserving the safety and reliability for the structual failure. Finite element analyses to establish basic design technologies and reducing the weight of mold platen were carried out. As result, we are obtained the about 10% reducing the weight for mold platen.

At the running speed higher than 250 km/h, several aerodynamic problems such as the increase of aerodynamic resistance, aerodynamic noise, pressure fluctuation at the tunnel entry, impulsive wave at the tunnel exit bring about the power consumption, deterioration of riding quality, and severe environmental noise. To solve these aerodynamic problems, the flow phenomena around the high speed train have to be analyzed in detail. In this study, the flow around the train is modelled as the 2-dimensional viscous compressible flow and the flow field is calculated numerically for the three different types of geometry and running speed. The aerodynamic drag coefficient and the pressure coefficient are evaluated each case.

Steering column is a typical component that may injure the driver at a frontal collision accident. To protect the driver from an impact, it is very important to study the impact absorbing behaviour of steering column. The dynamic simulation were performed for the ball sleeve type impact absorbing steering column. The simulation results show similar trends to FMVSS 203 test results. Hence using the simulation program developed in this study, it is possible to predict dynamic response of steering system which is used in design modification. Impact absorbing performance of the ball sleeve type steering column with the column angle of $21^\circC$ and $26^\circC$ satisfies the safety criterion of FMVSS 203.

The atomizing characteristics in a spray injected from a twin fluid atomization nozzle have been investigated. The Sauter mean diameters as mean diameter are compared with wavelength calculated from the instability theory. The Sauter mean diameter are measured by the Fraunhofer diffraction theory using the Malvern particle sizer. The wavelength is calculated using the mean relative velocity instead of the exit relative velocity of nozzle. Also shadowgraphy technique is used to visualize atomization. This paper gives a possibility that the mean diameter can be predicted with the wavelength obtained by the simple instability theory.

Three-dimensional incompressible turbulent flow fields within the passage of the steam turbine nozzle with/without tip clearance have been simulated by solving the Navier-Stokes equations with SIMPLE scheme. The extended k-e model is applied to modeling the Reynolds stresses. Grids in the computational domain are generated by solving the Poisson's equations to improve the smoothness and orthogonality. Flow losses, secondary flow, velocity profiles, and deviation angles are obtained. The computated results without tip clearance show good agreement with the experimental data.

A grid generation algorithm associated with turbomachinery cascade flow fields has been developed. The present grid generation system consists of four separate modules. The system input is made of the results of the preliminary design, i.e., flow-path, aerodynamic conditions along the spanwise direction, and the blade profile data. The grid generation method generates a series of two-dimensional grids in the blade-to-blade passage to build up the three-¬dimensional grid, The numerical algorithm adopts the combination of the algebraic and elliptic method to create the internal grids efficiently and quickly. The resultant grids generated from each module of the system are used as the preprocessor for the performance prediction of the turbomachinery blade using Naveir-Stokes method in addition to the blade surface modelling for CAD data. For purposes of illustration, the grid generation system is applied to several complex geometries inculding a turbine rotor with and without a tip flow grid. Application to the blade design of the LP compressor was demonstrated to be very reliable and practical in support of design activities. This customized system are coupled strongly with the design procedure and reduces the man-hours required to predict the aerodynamic performance of the turbomachinery cascades using the CFD technique.

For improving performance of heat pump system, researcher has adapted 2-stage economizer cycle and developed a high-efficiency screw compressor, new working medium(non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant) and counterflow heat exchangers operating with a small temperature difference. Target of this study is development of high performance heat pump system with the 2-stage economizer system using the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant. For the purpose of excuting target, we constucted computer simulation programs, compared and examed various types of cycle and non-azeotropic mixture. Based on the results from computer simulation we selected optimum mixtures and reflected design and production process of performance test equipment with the 1-stage econmizer system. In order to accomplish the final target, design and production of the 2-stage economizer system, we performed pilot test using the 1-stage economizer performance test system and finally design and production of the 2-stage economizer system.

Recently, improving the energy efficiency of a pneumatic system and reducing the consumption of compressed air were a concern of scholars at domestic and abroad. The using fields of a pneumatic system are widely used in factory automation of manufacturing line, chemical factories with explosiveness danger and petroleum industries etc. In particular, pneumatic cylinder is applied to feeding work of workpiece. jig tools and press mechanism, reciprocation and rotary motion with rack and pinion. In this study, the experimental apparatus consisted to pneumatic cylinder, dual supply pressure regulator and solenoid valve. The dual supply pressure regulator connected to outlet port of solenoid valve. The supply pressure($4.5kg_f/cm^2$) of compressed air goes into the rodless chamber 1 to drive the piston rod forward which is named working stage. The supply pressure ($2kg_f/cm^2$) of compressed air goes into the rod chamber 2 to drive the piston rod backward which is named no-working stage. Accordingly, the research results of this study can be obtained to Energy-Saving Effects of the compressed air about 35%.

At present, a lot of researches on AS/RS(Automatic Storage and Retrival System) are being performed and also applied to realization of FA, FMS and CIM. Especially facility management and diagnosis of stacker crane that is major equipment of AS/RS, is recognized more importantly. In this paper, Case Base is designed for manager that is non-expert and it is implemented according to possible trouble case for the purpose of trouble diagnosis and maintenance of stacker crane.

Fresnel lenses are developed for flat optics with the optical characteristics close to aspherical lens such as sharp focusing and dispersion instead of spherical or aspherical surface. Usually, these fresnel lenses and diffraction gratings are machined by high-energy beam such as electron beam machining, but recently with the development of ultra precision machine tool and machining technology, 3-dimension micro machining becomes preferable. This study on the micro machining of fresnel lens is carried out to develop the basic technology of ultra precision micro machining. The machined lens mold will be used for the manufacturing of fresnel lens with 120mm focal distance using synthetic resin material with 1.49 refractive index(PMMA), and the shape of lens is 48mm diameter, $300\mum$ pitch and about $5-700\mum$depth of groove in brass.

The aim of this project is the development of technology of production of micro mechanical parts. Materials are Cr, pt or film (thickness $1000-3000\AA$) on glass substrate. Method of manufacturing is resistless direct laser ablation based on the projection technology. A source of radiation is KrF excimer laser(248nm), Experiments of threshold energy are carried out and the results are analyzed by SEM.

The early day of manufacturing automation systems are NC machine tool Based automation, and now it become FA, DNC, FMC, FMS, CIM and IMS. Manufacturing Automation Technology is applied the increase of all industrial manufacturing competitve power. so the demand of this skill is repidly increase. This Technology can solve lack of manpower, decrease of productivity, and become weakened international competitive. But, automation rate of our country is 30-40%, because the level of domestic technology is low, so we need systemic research of manufacturing automation. The targets of this study are increase the data processing ability of CNC controller, and development of autonomous manufacturing system that can decision making between production module such as setup, manufacturing, inspection and transportation and part that object of manufacturing.

This study discribes characteristics of water spray for extinguishment of gasoline pool fire. Experiments are carried out for the gasoline pool fire in a small tank with a diameter of 150mm and a height of 8mm. Droplet size, spray pressure, amount of water which reaches the flame base and velocity of water spray are measured to find extinguishment conditions and air entrainment due to the water spray is visualized. Critical conditions of water spray for extinguishment of gasoline pool fire is quantitatively shown.

This paper deals with multi protocol based data communication system, which allows to improve the performances. The hardware and software of the data cmmunication system was implemented by using the CSMA/CD and Token bus access methods. The performance evaluation was also carried out and the results were verified to validate

In this paper, we discussed the convergence and the properties of an iterative algorithm method in order to improve a bimean clustering algorithm. This algorithm that we have discussed choose automatically an optimum threshold as a result of an iterative process, successive iterations providing increasingly cleaner extractions of the object region, The iterative approach of a proposed algorithm is seen to select an appropriate threshold for the low contrast images.

During casting of A390 billet by Hot Top process, bosses were formed on the surface of cast bar. The formation of boss is assumed due to a large amount of latent heat released during the formation of primary Si in A390 alloy. The low melting point elements around primary Si are locally remelted to liquid and interdendrite offers a path by which the liquid can pass through to the surface. Addition of Sr decreases the amount of latent heat by preventing the formation of primary Si near the surface and thus suppresses the formation of boss on the surface of cast bar. Therefore, the formation of boss could be reduced remarkably when the casting condition was selected to extract the latent heat outward easily.

The intermetallic compound $Ni_3Al$ causes a peritectic reaction at the composition and temperature very close to the eutectic reaction in Ni-Al system. Although the phase diagram accepted for this system by ASM Handbook has the eutectic forming between the $\gamma$ and $\gamma$ phases, directional solidification study has shown that the eutectic occurs between $\beta$ and $\gamma$. This work examines the liquidus region using quenched, directional solidification experiments that preserve the microstructrues formed at the solidification front. It is also shown that under certain composition and growth conditions a metastable eutectic between the $\beta$ and $\gamma$ phases forms in this system. Finding of the metastable eutectic provided an important information to understand the phase equilibria near the $Ni_3Al$ composition.

The high temperature deformation of mechanically alloyed Al-Ti-Si alloy (Al-9.64wt% Ti-1.56wt% Si) was investigated by performing constant load compression creep tests over the temperature range of $673^\circC$K to $723^\circC$K. From the calculation based on the modified power law creep equation for dispersion strengthened alloy, the true creep activation energy, was 176kJ/mole, the true stress exponent was 4.9. Considering the value of activation energy, stress exponent, the shape of primary creep region, it could be concluded that creep deformation in the MA Al-Ti-Si alloy is controlled by dislocation climb.

Mechanical properties of the gas nitrocarburized product depend on the surface compound layer and the diffusion zone formed. The compound layer improves the wear resistance, and the corrosion resistance. Though phase composition, pore layer and growth rate of the compound layer varies according to the treatment time, temperature and the kind of the steel substrate, they are strongly influenced by the environmental gas composition. In the current study, the growth behavior of the compound layer and diffusion zone of the carbon steel and the alloy steel upon nitrocarburizing treatment at $570^{\circ}C$, and the phase composition and the variation in the growth rate of the compound layer according to the variation of the gas environment which was the medium of the nitriding and carburizing reaction were investigated.

The solid/liquid interface migration in Nb-doped $SrTiO_3$ and its effect on dielectric properties have been investigated. The specimen sintered in air shows no migration during oxide infiltration treatment in air, whereas the specimen sintered in $5H_2-95N_2$ shows appreciable migration during similar infiltration. In the migrated layers of the specimen sintered in a reducing atmosphere, no cations of the infiltrants are detected by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy. These results show that nonstoichiometry due to the atmosphere change can induce the interface migration as in the case of frequently observed migrations due to solute concentration change. The driving force for the migration is discussed in terms of the coherency strain energy in a thin diffusional oxidized layer of the receding grain. The interface migration caused by nonstoichiometry could be suppressed by preoxidizing grain surfaces before oxide infiltration treatment. The suppression of migration increased the effective dielectric constant of the material.

Plasma 용사 코팅 기술은 전자산업과 정보산업의 기초인 Micro 반도체 산업의 기능성 목적으로 응용되고 있으며, 항공기 등의 첨단산업에서 디젤엔진이나 가스터빈 등 응용 범위를 점차 확대하고 있는 실정이다. 또한 첨단요소 부품에 적용하여 내마모성, 내열성, 내피로성, 내부식성 등을 부여하고 있다. 기능성 부품에 후처리하여 제품의 부가가치를 향상시킬 수 있어, Plasma 용사 코팅기술의 중요성은 날로 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 Plasma 용사 기술을 이용하여 코팅을 형성 내마모시험을 통해 국내 첨단요소 부품에 기능성 부여과 낙후된 용사 기술을 향상시키는 데 있다.

Board bridges are one of the most important structural components of the airport ground equipment. Passenger boarding bridges will be installed to provide enclosed passengers for persons moving between aircraft loading doors and second story terminal gates. In order to the understand of boarding bridge, type and structural components are investigated and analyzed by using the commercial finite element code for model of various loading conditions. As results, the deformed shape and stress distribution of WS-750T and Jetway system type are obtained. It is expected to establish basic technology to design and change the shape of boarding bridge to improve the function.