The effects of ouabain and diphenylhydantoin on ATPase activity in rat erythrocyte membranes were studied and also influence of K on ATPase activity was studied. The ATPase activity of rat erythrocyte membrane has been shown to consist of two components. The first component requires the Mg but occurs in the absence of Na or K (Mg-ATPase) and is not inhibited by ouabain and stimulated by diphenylhydantoin. The second component requires the presence of Mg and also Na or K (Na-K-Mg-ATPase). It is inhibited by ouabain and is stimulated by diphenylhydantoin in low Na concentration and inhibited in high Na concentration. K inhibit Na-K-Mg-ATPase which is inhibited by ouabain. Ouabain and diphenylhydantoin show reversed effect to Na-K-Mg-ATPase activity. It suggest that the therapeutic effect of diphenylhydantoin on digitalis induced cardiac arrhythmia may be resulted from their effect on ion transport mechanism of cell membrance. And the relevance of these findings to the action of ouabain and diphenylhydantoin on membrane transport mechanism is discussed.

The effect of Panaquilon (Partial Component of Panax ginseng), on the isolated clam heart, the motility of the isolated clam heart suspended in physiological solution for clam heart was recorded by the Magnus Method. 1. The concentration of $5{\times}10^{-6}$ of Panaquilon produced cardiac arrest in the diastolic state, which resumed the normal state slowly after changing the physiological solution for clam heart. 2. Cardiac arresting action of Panaquilon was antagonistic when pretreated with Serotonin.

The present study is concerned with the demonstration of the relationship between the behavior and the brain concentration of noradrenaline resulted from pretreatment of amphetamine in isolated or aggregated rats. The experimental subjects were rats weighing from 120g to 200g housed 1, 2, and 6 in a cage. Analeptic activity of amphetamine was measured by determining the sleeping time induced by pentobarbital sod. The noradrenaline content in brain was determined with Aminco-Bowmann's spectro-photofluorometer by Lee's modification of Shore and Olin method. Results: 1) The analeptic activity of amphetamine on the sleeping time induced by pentobarbital sod. was more increased in the grouped rats than in isolated animal. 2) In being isolated and grouped rats, the sleeping time induced pentobarital sod, was markedly prolonged by pretreatment of amphetamine. 3) Means of housing rats, e.g., isolation or aggregation did not seem to affect the brain noradrenaline depleting action. 4) Repeated daily parenteral administration of amphetamine sulfate for a period 1 to 3 weeks resulted in decrement of brain noradrenaline concentration in being isolated and grouped rats. 5) The prolongation of sleeping time of the isolated or aggregated rats, when pretreated with amphetamine, compared with that of stock rats, seems to be attributable rather to the means of housing than the variation of the noradrenaline caused by amphetamine.

소화불량(消化不良)을 호소(呼訴)하는 학생(學生) 및 환자(患者)에게 placebos 투여(投與) 및 double-blind test에 의하여 식욕부진(食慾不振), 구역, 구토, 트림, 공복통(空腹痛), 상복부통(上腹部痛), 상복부포만감(上腹部飽滿感), 복부팽만(腹部膨滿), 변비(便秘), 설사(泄瀉) 등의 증상(症狀) 및 위산도(胃酸度)에 대한 Moltase의 효력(?力)을 평가(評價)할 것을 시도(試圖)하여 1) 전반적(全般的)으로 Moltase투여(投與)가 placebos 투여(投與)보다 소화불량증상(消化不良症狀)을 소실(消失) 또는 경감(輕減)시키는 효력(?力)이 켰으며 특히 상복부통(上腹部痛), 상복부포만감(上腹部飽滿感), 복부팽만(腹部膨滿) 및 식욕부진(食慾不進)에 대하여 현저(顯著)한 치료효과(治療?果)가 있으며, 2) 유리위산(遊離胃酸)을 증명(證明)치 못하였던 9명(名)의 환자중(患者中) 6명(名)에서 Moltase 복용후(服用後) 유리위산(遊離胃酸)을 증명(證明)케 되었다.

1) 전신가토(全身家兎) 및 척수가토(脊髓家兎)에 있어서 syrosingopine(S) 및 reserpine(R) 처리후(處理後)에 일어나는 norepinephrine(NE)에 대한 혈압반응(血壓反應)의 강화(强化)를 비교(比較)하였다. 2) 사용(使用)한 S 및 R의 양(量)은 체중(體重) 1kg당(當) 8, 40, $200\;{\mu}g$ 및 1 mg이었으며 S 또는 R 주사후(注射後) 4, 10 및 24 시간후(時間後)에 NE(0.1, 0.5, 0.25, 1.2, 6.0, 30.0, $150.0\;{\mu}g/kg$)에 대한 반응(反應)을 보았다. 3) 전신가토(全身家兎)에 있어서 S에 의한 NE 승압반응(昇壓反應)의 강화(强化)는 $40\;{\mu}g/kg$으로써, R에 의한 강화(强化)는 $8\;{\mu}g/kg$으로써 일어났으며, S 및 R 모두 $200\;{\mu}g/kg$, 10 시간후(時間後)에 최고강화(最高强化)를 볼 수 있었다. 4) 척수가토(脊髓家兎)에 있어서는 $S(200\;{\mu}g/kg)$에 의한 NE 승압반응(昇壓反應)의 강화(强化)는 미약(微弱)하였으나 $R(200\;{\mu}g/kg)$로써는 일부(一部) NE량(量)(1.2, $6.0\;{\mu}g/kg$)에 대한 반응(反應)의 강화(强化)는 현저(顯著)하였다. 5) 전신가토(全身家兎)에서 S 및 R, 각각 $40\;{\mu}g/kg$ 투여(投與) 4 시간후(時間後)에 일어나는 NE 효과(?果)의 강화(强化)는 carbachol 처리(處理)로써 현저(顯著)히 억제(抑制)되었다. 6) 척수가토(脊髓家兎)에서 S 및 R 각각 $S(200\;{\mu}g/kg)$ 투여 10 시간후(時間後)에 보는 NE에 대한 반응증가(反應增加)는 carbachol 처리(處理)로써 억제(抑制)되었다. 7) 전신가토(全身家兎)에서 S 및 R(1 mg/kg)에 의한 NE에 대한 반응(反應)의 강화(强化)는 주사(注射) 15 분후(分後) 부터 볼 수 있었다. 8) S 및 R에 의한 NE-supersensitivity 발생(發生)에는 이들 물질(物質)의 말초조직(末梢組織)의 catecholamine 함량(含量)에 미치는 영향(影響)보다 중추(中樞)의 catecholamine 함량(含量)에 미치는 영향(影響)이 더 큰 의의(意義)가 있으며, 중추(中樞)에 대한 작용결과(作用結果) 일어나는 교감신경계(交感神經系)의 tone의 약화(弱化)가 큰 역할(役割)을 하는 것으로 생각된다.

The author studied the actions of autonomic drugs on the uterine muscle isolated from Ditrema temmincki Bleeker, and the results obtained were summerized as follows. 1) The motility of the fish uterus was stimulated by epinephrine, norepinephrine and phenylephrine, but inhibited by isoproterenol. 2) The inhibitory effects of isoproterenol on the fish uterus was not affected by phenoxybenzamine, but blocked by propranolol. 3) The excitatory effects of phenylephrine on the fish uterus were blocked by phenoxybenzamine, but stimulated by propranolol. 4) The excitatory effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine were reversed by phenoxybenzamine and stimulated by propranolol. 5) The motility of the fish uterus pretreated with phenoxybenzamine and propranolol was not affected by isoproterenol, phenylephrine, epinephrine and norepinephrine. 6) It seemed that the uterine muscle of the fish had both alpha excitatory and beta inhibitory receptors. 7) The motility of the uterus of the fish was stimulated by acetylcholine. The stimulating action of acetylcholine was antagonized by atropine. 8) The motility of fish uterus was not affected by nicotine and DMPP. The actions of these drugs were not affected by pretreatment with hexamethonium and atropine. 9) It is, therefore, concluded that there are not present ganglia cells furnished with cholinergic fiber in the uterine wall of the fish.

It is well known that the uterine contractility is affected by sexual hormone. In this experiment, the authors attempted to study the influences of testosterone and estrogen or the uterine contractility to oxytocics. The contractile sensitivity of the excised uterine muscle of non-castrated and castrated rabbits with testosterone and estrogen 24 hours before experiment is observed respectively. And the cholinesterase activity and electrolytes (Na, K, Ca and Mg) in the uterine muscle are measured in order to study the relationship with contractile sensitivity and those changes. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The contractile effect of spareng on the excised uterine muscle of non-castrated rabbits pretreated with estrogen was markedly increased in small dose, but that of rabbits pretreated with testosterone was significantly increased in large dose, comparing with that of the control group. In castrated rabbits, the contractile sensitivity of the uterine muscle to spareng was significantly increased by pretreatment with estrogen in large dose but it was markedly decreased by pretreatment with testosterone in small dose. 2. The contractile effect of quinine on the excised uterine muscle of non-castrated rabbits pretreated with estrogen was significantly decreased but that of castrated rabbits pretreated with both estrogen and testosterone were markedly increased comparing with that of the control group. 3. The cholinesterase activity in the uterine muscle of non-castrated rabbits was significantly increased by pretreatment with small dose of estrogen or large dose of testosterone, but that of castrated rabbits was markedly decreased by pretreatment with large dose of estrogen. 4. Na and K contents in the uterine muscle of non-castrated rabbits were markedly increased by pretreatment with both estrogen and testosterone, but that of castrated rabbits was significantly increased by pretreatment with small dose of estrogen. 5. Ca content in uterine muscle of non-castrated rabbits was significantly decreased by pretreatment with both large dose of estrogen and testosterone but increased by pretreatment of testosterone. In castrated rabbits, Ca content was significantly decreased by pretreatment with both estrogen and testosterone. 6. Mg content in the uterine muscle of non-castrated rabbits was markedly increased by pretreatment with estrogen and small dose of testosterone, but that of castrated rabbits was significantly decreased by pretreatment with both large dose of estrogen and testosterone.